With the advancement of image technologies, Ultra High Definition images and 3D images have become
popular, and moreover, virtual reality (VR) types of head-mounted displays (HMD) have been recently distributed into general
markets; then, we can experience image contents having higher presence than ever. To use such image products in safety and
comfortably, it is necessary to consider reducing incidence of undesirable biomedical effects that sometimes possibly occur. In
this document, we focus on 3D eye-strain and visually induced motion sickness, and also describe VR sickness that can be
occurred with VR type of HMD. Then, we review the current status of International Standardization on ergonomic guidelines
for reducing the incidence of those undesirable biomedical effects.
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