As a technique to realize the extension of life of the building, there are the waterproofing of the exterior wall and the protection of the structural skeleton by the acrylic rubber-type waterproofing membrane for exterior wall. The high-durable and high-elasticity acrylic-rubber type waterproofing membrane of the approximately 1mm thickness to fit for exterior wall of JIS A 6021(Liquid-applied compounds for waterproofing membrane coating of buildings) cuts off the water, carbon dioxide, chloride ion and oxygen which is a deterioration factor while following an expansion and contraction repetition movement on the crack of concrete. In this report, I grasped the long-term waterproofing performance until 35 years after application of the acrylic rubber-type waterproofing membrane and clarified the superior durability.

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In the case of water leakage from the defective point of the concrete occured, injecting polyurethane resin water proofing material into the leak point often used for stopping water leakage of underground structures. However, the resin used this method has the drawback of cure performance on a dry surface, the dimension stability and flexibility. In order to compensate for these drawbacks, we developed new injected waterproofing method using a hybrid-type water proofing material obtained by mixing the material of 2 members of a special water-based emulsion with enhanced physical properties such as material strength and hydrophilic polyurethane resin. By a variety of physical tests and variations follow-up test, we tried the performance evaluation of the development method.

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We invested guidelines on structural sealant glazing (SSG) in foreign countries and regions so as to compare with Japanese one. ASTM, ETAG, JGJ, and ISO are the objects of our study. As a result of investigation, it is clarified that there is lack of technical information on SSG facade in conventional guidelines in Japan. Purpose of this study and result on general rules, materials are described in Part1.

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We invested guidelines on structural sealant glazing (SSG) in foreign countries and regions so as to compare with Japanese one. ASTM, ETAG, JGJ, and ISO are the objects of our study. As a result of investigation, it is clarified that there is lack of technical information on SSG facade in conventional guidelines in Japan. Purpose of this study and result on general rules, materials are described in Part1.

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In order to understand the degradation mechanism of tank lining material (epoxy) caused by kitchen drainage, some investigations and experiments were conducted.Based on the former study(part1•part2), the main ingredient analysis and dip epoxy in the drainage water or in the floating substance were carried out the drainage water and the floating substance. It was supposed that a main factor of degradation was long-chain fatty acid.This study(part3), It was intended to grasp the influence on lining material by the difference in melting point of the long-chain fatty acid.Using various long-chain fatty acid, I performed the contact of lining material in the normal temperature(20°C) and an examination to let you immerse it.The contact angle measurement how long the reagent attached to the surface of lining material.A deterioration mechanism by scum adhesion during kitchen drainage was presumed.

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The development of renovation system of bath, it had built in high economic growth period, is an urgent issue.In this report,we aim to develop renovation system of bath room with a dedicated regid urethane. We have developed regid urethane.It's Low-Odor snd Rapid-Curing system.And above all, it can be available for the material of apartment-bath renovation system, in addition to traditional epoxy system and FRP system methods.

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This report is described about fundamental experiment on mud wall of aging.

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In recent years, the effects of the moisture control performance of the desiccant interior plasters are attracting attention. The effects are usually evaluated in a small environmental chamber, but on the other hand the establishment of the simulation method in the real indoor environment is also expected. In this study we evaluated the moisture control performance of the desiccant interior plaster using a real-scaled large chamber to clarify the relationship between the small environmental chamber and the real indoor environment. The experiments were performed using the diatomaceous earth plaster as a desiccant interior plaster. It was confirmed that the diatomaceous earth plaster has the effect to lower the change of the relative humidity. The correlation of the effect of a small environmental chamber and the effect of a real-scaled large chamber was confirmed.

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The present when we have begun to handle ceramic siding clear paint for repair from each paint maker, it is listed in the catalogue of each maker to beat it after the clear paint, because the joint sealing may cause a crack and weak adherent coating and pollution by the painting. We guessed that weatherability improved by protecting the sealing materials in clear coating like ceramic siding. We put 15 kinds of sealing materials and 11 kinds of clear paint for repair together and did outdoor exposure. We arranged the result that evaluated outdoor exposure one month later and three months later and six months later and 12 months later, and we evaluated the tendency by the combination.

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The repairing of a fiber reinforced cement siding board used for a house was normally painted by single color of paint. Since various colors or high design of a fiber reinforced cement siding board was released in the market, 15 to 20 years passed, and the demand of a repairing of these siding boards to utilizing original pattern, high design or texture is increasing recently. Especially, process of repairing by clear paint utilizing original pattern of a fiber reinforced cement siding board and to have better gloss for renovating original gloss lost paint film is increasing now. This report is a researching the performance of "Clear paint for repairing high design construction material (Fiber reinforced cement sidings)" released by several paint manufacturer in recent year.

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Frost damage degradation of siding material is different by winter climate. Frost deteriorations of ceramic siding materials are caused by water supplied from outside or inside of the wall. To evaluate frost resistance of ceramic siding materials adequately, it is necessary to consider water supply direction and winter climate. The one side water absorption freezing-thawing test method (JIS A 1435) has a merit to change water supply direction from outer wall surface or interior surface. In this paper, We gave a one-side water absorption freezing-thawing test with different temperature conditions. And we were examined differences in water absorption properties at the time of freezing and thawing.

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The authors have studied the effect of moisture in peeling of glued laminated timber. This paper performed water absorption test to both lamina with limited direction of water absorption and glued laminated timber to measure determined deformation and moisture content distribution. By using deformation of lamina and glued laminated timber, we computed restraining stress which is expected to be the cause of peeling. As a result, peeling did not occur because restraining tress become below the results of exiting researches.

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Fire resistant walls and floors are main and important elements of fire compartmentation in the fire safety design. There are the joints between boards on the drywalls, and it is easy to become a weak point in a fire. However, there is not sufficient knowledge about the influence between fire resistance and the gaps in joints. In this study, we conducted the material experiments to understand thermal properties of the fire protections and collected the data about the influence between fire resistance and joints.

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The objective of this study is to clarify the temperature rise properties of the separating elements in a fire with acquired thermophysical properties of fire protections. a series of numerical thermal fluid analysis was conducted to simulate the temperature rise of protected steel plates, small scale drywall assemblies with a hollow layer, and composite elements constituted by a column and walls. As the result of the analysis, it became clear that the results of the analysis have a relatively good agreement with the experiments with the appropriate thermal conductivity and specific heat of fire-resistant material on the steel or walls.

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Building elements such as columns, beams, walls and floors are ordinarily protected with fire protection material to assure the sufficient fire resistance of the building elements exposed to fire. Load bearing capacity and insulation and/or integrity of the building elements are required to prevent a building from collapse and fire spread in a fire. Gypsum boards are one of important fire protection materials and commonly applied to fire protection of timber buildings. In this study, the effects of components in gypsum boards on thermal insulation properties are researched using an electric furnace. Vermiculite and glass fiber, which were admixtures in gypsum boards, increased in the fire resistance of the boards. A small amount of combustible additives in the boards, which has an effect on waterproof and antifungal performance, did not affect the fire resistance.

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A questionnaire survey about work environment and the consciousness that I work was put into effect in woman engineer of 148 people who have worked for more than 6 months at a building site. I share a report with 3 theses and do. I'll report on the implementation item of the questionnaire and the attribute of the respondent by this thesis. The moment I'd like to quit my 14 jobs about the situation of 7, the restroom, the overalls and the construction site of rest place about the years of experience and the attribute of the family structure by a questionnaire, do you come, and difference between the sexes be found, I questioned about 12 questions about done awareness. As a result, a change was judged by the attribute by less than 30 years old and more than 30 years old. More than 30 years old showed that the percentage by which experience lives with the next, my husband and a child for more than 2 years becomes 47.8%. But a thing bigger than the single rate by the natural census in fiscal year 2010 was indicated by the single rate by the questionnaire in all time.

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A questionnaire survey about work environment and the consciousness that I work was put into effect in woman engineer of 148 people who have worked for more than 6 months at a building site. I share a report with 3 theses and do. A questionnaire result about a restroom, overalls and rest space will be reported by this thesis. There are a lot of stinking opinions which aren't clean about a worrisome point in the restroom. There was also a complaint about a male restroom. The design is same by overalls and there are most responses the ladies' size is. But such as it was conspicuous for a worrisome point whether the size was sweat which doesn't match, it was indicated that there are a lot of parts where I worry about a lady. 16% could also have the response a female exclusive resting room is at rest space. If it was in a site, a female resting room was also about one by an answer as something convenient. The statistics was performed according to the time about a worrisome point in the restroom by consideration. As a result, it was different from generation below in the tendency beyond the generation 40 years old 30 years old, and I found out that I'm interested in the coldness, the thickness and the thing with the small number beyond the generation 40 years old.

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A questionnaire survey about work environment and the consciousness that I work was put into effect in woman engineer of 148 people who have worked for more than 6 months at a building site. I share a report with 3 theses and do. The environment that the female at the site is working and a questionnaire result about a future view were reported by this thesis. The snack which is the seat about a lunch break at a site and fatigue reduction method, and drinks the drink which lies idle, I eat, it was dominance. It's about one that you can get exercise at a good place by the building industry. On the other hand, it was said that office hours were tight in long physical for the reason when thinking I'd like to quit my job. Anxiety by compatibility with child rearing and physical strength confrontation is big for future worry. Introduction in flexible working hours was biggest by a necessary system to keep working. We assume that half finds the difference between the sexes felt during work. It increases in the percentage of the person who feels so that the age will be the top.

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Then it might be said that a very high-rise building began to be built from the 1980s and there were buildings more than 1200 and it was accomplished large-scale repair construction several times. In the outer wall of the high-rise building, I may not understand an implication at all much deterioration environment, deterioration phenomenon, deterioration progress speed.This report analyzed building place environment, a direction, the influence of the height direction.I added up the quantity of five aggravation phenomena that I investigated in all parts of the High Rise apartment complex very much approximately 20 years later.When I repaired it on a large scale, I investigated an aggravation phenomenon by a kind and investigated the surface of all outer walls. As a result, I thought that outbreak degree of the aggravation (the damage that occurred for a big earthquake disaster of the East Japan in a building) was remarkably different.In addition, I analyzed it about an aggravation phenomenon mainly, but was not able to find a clear aggravation phenomenon.It is necessary to analyze height direction becoming worse or environment weather environment to know the irritation situation of a very expensive building.

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First, this study defines the buildings which get “distinctive character” over time as “aging building”. This study was made to be considered the relation between the age of buildings, the property of soiling of external materials and “distinctive Character”. We did sensory evaluation, to find out the relation. The results suggest that (1) people feel distinctive character for buildings by aging effect (2) people feel it even if the building seem newer in case which has classical building style (3) people feel it in case the building is covered with the glass which seems new, however, those buildings should be performed maintenance because the evaluation value tend to decrease over time.

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I presented a hypothesis,that the cause of patterns appeared in ceramic siding is the indoor vapor,at Japan Society for Finishings Technology's grand meeting in 2013 Oct.I formulated the hypothesis,and presented at the meeting,because I could not get old siding then,so could not investigate it.In this time,getting old sidings,I examined them as equally as two years ago,and I noticed the hypothesis has an inconsistency.And continued observations,I have come to a conclusion that the cause of patterns appeared in ceramic siding is condensation and adherence of the outdoor vapor,that is adherence of dew.And succeeded to emerge patterns experimentally,thei are reported.

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A musical classroom totals an elementary school, a junior high school and a high school in Japan and has that 36,372 schools at present, and is established by most schools. Sound insulation, soundproofing, sound absorbency and the reverberation performance can be asked from the performance of the musical classroom. We're each schools about the reverberation performance, but I also have the musical classroom where you can find reverberation to be insufficient. A repair work guideline of exterior and interior (plan) and the said explanation are published in September, 2014 more than architectural Institute of Japan, and safety, an usability and the repair guideline by which it's for a workability are described, but it should also be considered about repair work method to acoustic performance. Constituent materials of the musical class which is held for the school constructed actually are investigated, the experiment which made the material the subject is made, the sound absorbing coefficient and thereverberation time are calculated and the reverberation performance of each musical classroom is considered by this research.

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As suitable plasticizer for vinyl floor covering, Bis(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate or DOP is widely used. Recently, however, the plasticizer has been subject to restriction on use, due to concern on human health. As alternative plasticizer, DINCH and DEHT have been commercialized. In this study, VOC emission of vinyl floor covering based on DEHT was investigated. Approximately 13 times higher emission was observed of DEHT vinyl sheet in comparison with DOP vinyl sheet. In order to find the reason, dispersion of plasticizer in vinyl sheets were investigated by using FT-IR microspectroscopy.

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Japan has many scenes that use the country is a wood to adopt many even now the wooden building. However, natural wood these days adopt difficult that there is a flow of low-carbon society short life. So the film sheet building material that reproduces the specific texture possessed by the natural materials such as stone and wood is used for interior and exterior structures such as the current various public facilities. However, the film sheet building material is scarce in representation of the surface shape with the natural materials. So to that noted a natural tone thick finished building material using an acrylic silicone resin which reproduces the natural materials unique texture. Although general in the film sheet building materials are and construction is simple, because this material is easily cut processing, such as with the use or a cutter knife to the surface the underlying can be using the acrylic silicon resin, work efficiency on the construction the film sheet not inferior to building materials. In addition the surface shape is rich in expressive than in the film sheet building materials. Using the building material rich in expressive, it is that we increase the impression evaluation, housing that is expected to be carried out many future renovation, considered in public facilities such as lead to that increase the user's choice. By increasing expressivity, to verify whether the impression evaluation is enhanced.

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Durability evaluation of adhesive anchors with 5 types adhesives was performed under the alkaline condition. Epoxy acryrate resin, epoxy resin, cementitios materials, soft polyester resin, and hard polyester resin were evaluated in the study.Among the tested resins, only hard polyester resin showed alkalidegradation in adhesive strength after immersion in alkaline solution.

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The present study aims to suggest a repair method for high-strength concrete using an appropriate repair material. Adhesion of repair material has been investigated by measuring strain differences between the repair material and the high strength concrete under compression. Adhesion of repair material to high-strength concrete is improved by the rough surface of the base concrete. Furthermore, it is shown that water absorption control agent enhanced the adhesion between the repair material and the concrete. There is also a correlation between the degree of shrinkage and adhesion property of repair material. On the other hand, it is demonstrated that strength difference between the repair material and the concrete have less effect on the bond property of the repair material.

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Prevention of deterioration is one of the important aspect to enhance duration of building lifetime. In consideration of the basic role of rain-water as a deterioration media and deterioration driving force to the buildings, our research project aims to analyze the flowing behavior of rain-water and thereby predict the components most likely to deteriorate in the near future. With these as background, this paper experimentally aims to grasp the basic behavior of water droplets flowing on the surface of building exterior materials such as concrete and stainless steel. Our experiments has shown that water wetting properties, surface roughness of materials and angularity of walls significantly affects the distance and speed of rain-water droplets flowing down on the surfaces.

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In this study, the applicability of the strength estimation of concrete using a rebound hammer was discussed. Compared to conventional rebound hammer, the newly developed rebound hammer is capable of intensity estimation with high precision. It is shown that in particular it is possible to relatively accurately the intensity estimating also the concrete of the high intensity regions. The potential to reduce the error due to dryness of the concrete was also demonstrated by considering the surface moisture content of the concrete.

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A previous study argued that application of a low-gas-transmittance coating film on a carbonated concrete can recovered its carbonation front because the coating covering resulted in further hydration and hydroxide-ion movement toward the coating-adhesion boundary. This argument arises a hypothesis; the above mentioned hydration and ion movement can occurs when a carbonated concrete covered with a film is placed in a dry condition. This study therefore measured pH, moisture content and carbonation depth of samples which were carbonated concrete with a paint film in some dry conditions. Our finding is that applying a low-gas-transmittance coating film kept relatively high moisture content inside, and slightly increased pH of carbonated area. Our hypothesis related to the ion movement was thus validated. Nevertheless, only applying a film was not enough to recover carbonation, but applying saturated potassium hydroxide solution before painting showed a tendency of a tiny recovery of the carbonation.Further work need to achieve a satisfactory recovery of the carbonation.

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Here we verified effect of application direction of Silane Penetrant and water content of mortar on its surface protection ability. We studied various performances horizontal direction and a side as application deirection, moreover its for base mortar on bone-dry, air-dry and wet empirically. As a result, impregnation Depth on the side was confirmed became deeper its are apart from the lower part. On the other hand, dripping quantity become more as the approaching wet condition, but surface protection ability increased from the viewpoint of permeability.

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This study investigated air-permeability on surface layer concrete, indicated as one of the quality, under several kinds of curing conditions.Test results showed that rapid air-permeability speed was delayed by prolonged curing duration except for application curing compound.

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The inside of the significant proportion of bricks of cultural property of the specified building structures in Japan, is 66% at the of 75. Therefore, it is necessary to maintain and preserve the building. However, the evaluation method brick single strength properties, which are evaluated by a compression test method, for a joint is at present not been unified. Therefore, by using the actual formulation used in the actual building, to create a test piece was subjected to physical property research. As a result, that the test body contains many cement has high resistance to freeze-thaw and wet and dry repeatedly was confirmed. In addition, it was confirmed that the mass decreases as also cycle either freeze-thaw, wet-dry cycle test proceeds.

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The aged deterioration occurs in the case of exterior tiles such as tile floating and cracking, because it uses a wet method. In consideration of the service period of the building, technique that can be appropriately set the period and the number of times of the renovation is required. Therefore, this report, two or three times in the past, as the target of the two buildings that were hammering test analyzed the occurrence tendency of the floating, and the like. The building is one of improvement compression bonding method, the other was using a mask method. The analyzed result, the aged deterioration phenomenon, there is a case that can be progress forecast, such as the underlying mortar floating. This was found to adapt the concept of preventive maintenance. Moreover, the difference of the tile bonding method, there were differences in the tiles floating pattern.

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Influence of Construction Condition on Adhesion Performance of Exterior Wall Tiling Method using Organic Adhesives

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In repair work and rebuilding construction,sometime it is demanded that we suggest the reconstruction or preservation of exterior tile.About tile for reuse,there are some tasks to remove mortar efficiently which adhered to a surface of tile.For such demands,the authors developed the reuse method using the acid.In this paper, we conducted three experiments,(1)the condition of acid which remove mortar efficiently,(2)analysis of the salt remains on tile dipped acid,(3)adhesive property of tile attached to this salt.As a result,we decided to use the hydrochloric acid for a development method.The tile dipped acid have a negative influence on the adhesive property,so it was provided the washing process after a mortar removal process.

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We tried an automatic diagnostic system at a part in tile facing at external walls. 50-santyogaketiles were applied in attyakubari method at 28 years ago.The strength of adhesive bonding was enough. An automatic diagnostic system did frequency filter processing.As a result,floating tiles separated correctly.

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The polyvinyl chloride is expected to be applied to the window frame. The authors have studied deterioration of polyvinyl chloride using accelerated deterioration test by ultraviolet light. This paper prepared the four different types of specimens of additive conditions, and determined color difference, tractive characteristics, impact property, and raman spectroscopy. The results of performance evaluation were that strength was sufficient in 2000 hours accelerated deterioration test and color difference was more remarkable than strength degradation.

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Visualization of vapor diffusion processes in external thermal insulation materials systems were tried. An idea of setting service life of these systems is shown when overall heat transfer coefficient increases to 120% from the initial value (thermal insulation performance reduces to 83%). It is shown that it is much influenced by water contents in the heat insulating materials. Based upon the modelling of unsteady state diffusion of external vapor into short-cut fiber reinforced cement composites(FRC) and thermal insulators, mathematical formulation of the progress of vapor concentration was done. On the other hand, numerical analysis was done, and the processes were shown by third and second dimensional picture images. This research is helpful as setting methods of service life of these materials systems.

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High-performance paint film is requested of the paint used for exterior walls of a building. High-performance paint film protects a building from bad effect of ultraviolet ray and rain. In recent years, each paint maker has been proposing about weather resistant paint. In particular, fluoropolymer-resin based system has received a lot of attention as high-weather resistant paint by which exterior walls of a building can be protected for a few decades. Fluoropolymer-resin based system possesses the big binding energy as central feature, and shows the function of high-weather resistance, chemical resistance and endurance. In this report, we mainly report the investigation of a 31-years-old exterior wall which was painted by fluoropolymer-resin based system.

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Follow-up suvey for renewed external walls in housing building by application of net overlaying and anchoring has been carried out. The building has renewed 23 years ago. The suvey includes visual observations and pull-off test for applied materials. The results are as follows. (1) Tensile stregth average of applied filler is 18.5N/mm2 that is above tensile strength criteria of ceramic tile 0.4N/mm2. Furthermore, almost fracture position is cohesion failure in filler layer and it is considered that renewed layer adehesion is sufficient. (2) Tensile stregth average of applied anchoring pin is 7866N that is above tensile strength criteria of anchoring pin with injection hole 1500N. It is judged that anchoring deterioration with the passage of time has not been proceeded. (3) Maximum tensile strength of fiber net has been increased in comparison with the fiber net in storage and the elongation is decresed. Therefore, it is estimated that the fiber net would be brittle. However, it is considered that the fiber net is satisfied requirements in the renewal method. Based on above results, it is judged that the method is satified requirements in extrrnal wall renewal method.

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This study was conducted cracks investigation of artificial stone finish floor panel in the construction site of the existing building, and constructional experiment of artificial stone finish, and material testing of artificial stone finish, and cracking analysis of artificial stone finish.

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The accelerated test method has become to be more important in the evaluating performance for exterior finishing materials. Therefore, the authors have studied in order to propose the appropriate standard test method. This paper describes the results of the examination for the accelerated test method of evaluating stain on the exterior coating materials. As the result of those, the pre-treatment for coating materials showing as the same water contact angles as the surfaces of test specimens exposed in outdoor for three months should be needed. Furthermore, the most appropriate test procedure of soiling was selected.

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At a point of view for environment plaster is paid the most attention to now. I prepared the examination body which painted the plaster, plaster paint, coat materials of the diatomaceous earth, general-purpose water-based paint and I examined a deodorant effect of each coating material, a performance evaluation of the moisture conditioning effect and inspected a comparison.

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There are many old wooden buildings in Kyoto like shrines and temples. I invited a lecturer from a membership company and held a study session to succeed to the painting of a traditional wooden building in Kyoto in September, 2012.At that time, I painted old paint (cashew, koumyoutan, persimmon juice, rubigo) and current paint to wood and tried a comparison, inspection. I report the result of the exposure test.

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In Floor coating material, a lot of epoxy based products have been used until now,In late years an aqueous urethane-based product in consideration for environment is shipped from each maker, and the consumption increases, too. We prepared a lot of floorings of each maker and I examined the performance evaluations such as strength of the coating of the examination body which we painted, wear resistance, medicine characteristics-resistant and inspected a comparison.

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In this study, we performed a basic study of measurement conditions for Chemiluminescence (CL). And we examined that the durability for exterior coating materials can be evaluated by CL. As a result, it was confirmed that it was possible to estimate weatherability for exterior coating materials in a short period of time of xenon-arc lamps type accelerated weathering test. Furthermore, possibility of lifetime prediction of exterior coating material by reaction kinetics was suggested.

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In order to make clear the effect of freeze and thaw action in cold snowy region on deterioration in coating materials for building, we carried out the outdoor exposure test of concrete specimens applied the coating materials to the surface. According to the results, it observed scaling and micro cracks on the surface of concrete with no coating materials. We made sure the preventive effects in the coating materials on frost damage of concrete. We also evaluated the deterioration in the coating materials using proposed method in previous study.

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The authors are researching on the application to the cool roof paint of self-cleaning technology. This paper describes the results of a comparison between the developed paint and commercial paint. In addition to it, also describes the results of verification of the accelerated soiling test method advocated in the United States. This study clarified the following results. (1)The development paint is good in solar reflectance retention as compared to the commercial paint. (2)The test method advocated in the United States is difficult to apply to the cool roof paint made in Japan without improvement.

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This study focused on the plaster ceiling. In experiments, we prepared a specimen simulating the plaster ceiling, to evaluate the relationship between plaster mix proportion and breaking strength. We prepared a plurality of specimens with different mix proportion (content rate of sand and fiber) and in order to evaluate the relationship between strength and workability, we conducted the experiment: destructive test and non-destructive testing.Based on these results, to evaluate the durability and damage potential of the building, it has been found that it is unnecessary to damage. In addition, by to optimize the use of materials, we can expect the protection of authenticity.

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Plaster has been used for a long time as construction materials in Japan. The element that should be solved to achieve the preservation of the building where 100 years passed after construction is not few. In the examination, it aimed at securing and the low price of safety in the thing and the building where the material was left. And, not the development of a new material but the repair was verified. It aims at the establishment of the construction method in consideration of the damage prevention of the lath and the improvement of the tool. Finally the ceiling board were able to be repaired,so I'll reports on the outcome of an experiment concerning construction by the present stage.

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