IEEJ Transactions on Fundamentals and Materials
Online ISSN : 1347-5533
Print ISSN : 0385-4205
ISSN-L : 0385-4205
Volume 119, Issue 8-9
Displaying 1-20 of 20 articles from this issue
  • Ken Ichi Arai
    1999 Volume 119 Issue 8-9 Pages 1075
    Published: August 01, 1999
    Released on J-STAGE: July 15, 2008
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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  • Noboru Morita, Koichiro Sawa, Kohei Ohnishi
    1999 Volume 119 Issue 8-9 Pages 1076-1083
    Published: August 01, 1999
    Released on J-STAGE: July 15, 2008
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Industrial automation apparatus & systems, which is based on motor application, are widely applied to various fields of industrial applications, such as metal rolling industry, paper industry and transportation system
    The industry automation apparatus & system has been rapidly developed recently. As a result of the development, “multiple level of control system configurations”, in which motor drive apparatus level (by micro controller), master control level by programmable controller) and process control level (by mini computer or work station for control purpose) are included, has been established, as a general control system configuration for the industrial automation.
    According to the technical background, the new lecture method in university education program for post graduate course on motor applications, considering system & control of industrial automation, has been tried for five years.
    This paper describes the educational trial and evaluates its results.
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  • Haruo Kishida, Masafumi Tamura, Yoshiyasu Ehara, Tairo Ito
    1999 Volume 119 Issue 8-9 Pages 1084-1089
    Published: August 01, 1999
    Released on J-STAGE: July 15, 2008
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Recently, ozone is utilized in various fields and its needs are expanding. Therefore, high performance of ozone generation technology is desired, and so many ozone generation methods have been reported in the latest few years. One of them is the superposed discharge method. The method can superpose some discharges in the same space of the discharge tube and reduce the discharge-rest-time. So it can improve ozone generation characteristics.
    The purpose of this study is to improve the ozone generation efficiency and to get the high ozone concentration. Therefore, a novel ozone generation system using three phase source and a special discharge tube is proposed in this study. Using this system, it is considered that two silent discharges and a surface discharge are generated successively and superposed in the same space of the discharge tube at the same time. Therefore, there is no discharge-rest-time. The characteristics of superposed discharge mode are compared with those of individual discharge mode, that is, the silent or surface discharge mode.
    As a result, the ozone generation and ozone concentration in superposed discharge mode are higher than those of individual discharge mode. And the ozone yield in superposed discharge mode is higher than that of individual discharge mode in spite of the high ozone concentration. This shows that a particular process for ozone generation occurs in this discharge mode and brings about high ozone concentration and high ozone yield.
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  • Michihiro Uchiumi, Hiromitsu Hayashi, Kiyotaka Ueda, Katsunori Muraoka ...
    1999 Volume 119 Issue 8-9 Pages 1090-1095
    Published: August 01, 1999
    Released on J-STAGE: July 15, 2008
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Negative discharge induction experiments were performed with a rod-to-rod electrode configuration of a gap length of 0.8m using a high-power XeCl excimer laser of the maximum output energy of 2 J/pulse and an impulse generator of the maximum voltage of 1.2 MV. Development of a leader in the laser ionized plasma channel was observed by using an image converter camera. When a XeCl excimer laser is applied at a carefully controlled instant, the guiding effect for an impulse discharge is optimized. Three main results were obtained. Firstly, the discharge started near the focal point and then developed bidirectionally towards the high-voltage electrode and the grounded electrode. Midgap leaders were frequently observed. Secondly, it was observed that the lifetime of the laser ionized plasma channel was about 1μs. Thirdly, the discharge processes were classified into 6 stages. The mechanism of the streamer and leader propagation is discussed.
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  • Haruo Ihori, Kenichi Ikeda, Masaharu Fujii, Kiyomitsu Arii
    1999 Volume 119 Issue 8-9 Pages 1097-1102
    Published: August 01, 1999
    Released on J-STAGE: July 15, 2008
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    We have been carried out the measurement of the three-dimensional nonuniform electric field distribution using Kerr electrooptic measurement with a reconstruction technique. A conventional optical system was composed of a He-Ne laser, a polarizer, a quarter-wave plate, an experimental cell, an analyzer, and a photodetector. For the measurement of a field vector by the system, it was necessary to measure light intensity two times with changing the optical axis of three optical wedges, i. e., the polarizer, the quarter-wave plate and the analyzer. We improved the expression of the relationship between a measured light intensity and a phase shift due to Kerr effect. The validity was confirmed by experiments. The optical system improved by using linear image sensors and a non-polarizing cube beam splitter, made it possible that the electric filed distribution was measured faster. The measured distributions were compared with the theoretical ones calculated by analytical method.
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  • Masato Enokizono, Koji Takahashi, Yoshio Yamaura
    1999 Volume 119 Issue 8-9 Pages 1103-1107
    Published: August 01, 1999
    Released on J-STAGE: July 15, 2008
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    AC magneto strictions of magnetic materials in arbitrary directions can be measured with the usual three-axial strain gauges. However the accuracy of the measurement is not so good, because the fluctuating magnetic flux influences the output voltages of gauges. We have developed a new gauge construction to reduce the influence of flux changes on the induced voltages. This paper presents the measured AC magnetostrictions in arbitrary directions with the new gauge and the tensor method. In comparison of the new gauge with the usual one, we clarify the noise level and show the usefulness of the new gauge. In addition, we try to evaluate the magnetostrictions in the thickness direction of sheet materials.
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  • Masahiro Hanai, Masami Ikeda, Tsuneharu Teranishi
    1999 Volume 119 Issue 8-9 Pages 1108-1113
    Published: August 01, 1999
    Released on J-STAGE: July 15, 2008
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    This paper deals with partial discharge characteristics and breakdown characteristics of inhomogeneous field gap in SF6 gas with AC voltage. The tested gas gap is formed between a high voltage electrode and a protruded column electrode on a grounded electrode. The several columns (φ 30) with sharp edge, cutting edge, rounded edge and a thin column (φ 1) are used as the protruded electrode. The column and gap length are kept 16mm in height, 50mm in gap length, respectively. The gas pressures are changed to 0.1, 0.225, 0.5 MPa, respectively.
    At just partial discharge inception voltage, partial discharge happens in negative polarity of column electrode. And it is founded out that partial discharge inception voltage of column electrode, can be estimated with Schumann's equation. The other side, breakdown voltage polarity is changed with gas pressure and inhomogeneousity of the electrode. This tendency of breakdown characteristics with AC voltage is coincident with one with lightning impulse voltage.
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  • Takashi Maeno
    1999 Volume 119 Issue 8-9 Pages 1114-1119
    Published: August 01, 1999
    Released on J-STAGE: July 15, 2008
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    A technique for calibrating the charge quantity using the pulsed electroacoustic (PEA) method is described in this paper. The space charge calibration technique is shown to depend on the electric and acoustic properties of the samples when the standard signal for calibration is obtained from the sample itself. Moreover, an advanced calibration technique using the reference signal measured from a different material is described in detail The experimental results obtained using the advanced calibration technique show that the error of every measurement is less than 10%.
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  • Akihisa Ogino, Zheng Wei, Masashi Kando
    1999 Volume 119 Issue 8-9 Pages 1120-1126
    Published: August 01, 1999
    Released on J-STAGE: July 15, 2008
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Cesium filled thermionic energy converter (abbreviated as TEC) driven by the light irradiation was investigated in order to use the solar energy as an energy source in future. For the irradiation to the emitter and the plasma in TEC, the electrodes and the structure of TEC have been extremely remodeled. It is found that the emitter could be heated up to 1, 260 K by the irradiation of xenon short arc lamp in stead of solar light, which could produce the cesium plasma with high density at a time. TEC operated at low emitter temperature is expected to draw out a large output current if the negative space charge in front of the emitter can be greatly relaxed. According to the calculation, the plasma produced by the irradiation can contribute to improve the space charge neutrality. The experimental results have shown that the output current of TEC with irradiation increases by 10 times larger than that without the irradiation.
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  • The Relation between the Baking Temperature and Thermal Contraction, Elasticity, Porosity and Specific Gravity
    Minoru Takamura, Jun'ichiro Kawada
    1999 Volume 119 Issue 8-9 Pages 1127-1132
    Published: August 01, 1999
    Released on J-STAGE: July 15, 2008
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    It was found that carbide with an extremely steady characteristic can be obtained by baking the furan resin, one sort of thermoset high polymer, in the condition of 3-4°C/h up to 200°C and 7 -8°C/h above 200°C respectively in N2, gas and He gas atmosphere. Relatively few researches have been done so far of the high molecule carbide as a bulk material such as the one we did. The application as an industrial material can be expected by further elucidation of physical properties. In this report, we will report on the measurement result of thermal contraction, modulus of elasticity, porosity, and the specific gravity relative to baking temperature. The carbonized furan resin shrank by baking, and the change was great from normal temperature to 1, 000°C. The contraction reached about 25% at 1, 000°C or above, and became steady. Modulus of elasticity increased by baking about 600°C or above, and indicated the maximum value of about 30GPa at 1, 250°C. The porosity got stabilized comparatively by baking about 1, 000°C or above, and indicated the minimum value of about 2% at 1, 500°C. The specific gravity got almost stabilized by baking about 1, 500°C or above, and indicated the value of about 1.5.
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  • Yuichi Hashimoto, Takeshi Sakakibara
    1999 Volume 119 Issue 8-9 Pages 1133-1141
    Published: August 01, 1999
    Released on J-STAGE: July 15, 2008
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    The photoelectron emission from mica surface was investigated using UV irradiation. It has been revealed that such emission has close relation to the surface structure as well as the surface conduction characteristics. In order to study the relationship between the photoelectron emission and the conduction mechanism of the mica surface, the photothreshold of the electron emission from the surface was measured for the cleaved mica (Muscovite) surface treated by FAB, i.e., Fast Atom Bombardment, using a low-energy photoelectron counter under atmospheric conditions.
    While the photothreshold of the FAB-treated mica varied from 5.0 eV to 5.8 eV, no variation was observed for the photothreshold of the untreated mica surface. This difference was interpreted by the difference of carriers for the surface current and the photocurrent.
    The results of the observation suggest that the surface states of mica can play an important role in the electronic conduction of the surface as well as the photoelectron emission therefrom.
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  • Jun Nakagawa, Shin-ichi Horinouchi, Noriyuki Hirota, Yasuhiro Ikezoe, ...
    1999 Volume 119 Issue 8-9 Pages 1142-1146
    Published: August 01, 1999
    Released on J-STAGE: July 15, 2008
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    A method has been proposed recently for levitating non-magnetic substances using a 10 T superconducting magnet by "magneto-Archimedes method" based on the paramagnetic attraction of pressurized oxygen gas into the field. In this study, we calculated the enhancement of magnetic field B and B dB/dz by introducing an iron yoke into the magnet in order to improve the levitation force. The field increased up to ca. 10% and B dB/dz increased ca. 30%. In association, the oxygen pressuren required for levitating e.g. water would decreased by ca. 40%, indicating that the method could be practicized under a lower oxygen pressre. The utilization of the yoke, therfore, should ease the applcation of the "magneto-Archimedes levitation".
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  • Tsuyoshi Yoshitake, Takashi Nishiyama, Hajime Aoki, Koji Suizu, Koji T ...
    1999 Volume 119 Issue 8-9 Pages 1147-1155
    Published: August 01, 1999
    Released on J-STAGE: July 15, 2008
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Amorphous carbon thin films, which do not have optical band gap, and diamond like carbon films, which do have an optical band gap, were grown by pulsed laser deposition at different laser wavelengths (λ=193nm, 532nm and 1064nm) and substrate temperatures (from room temperature to 500°C). The optical absorption spectra were measured using the spectrophotometer. Diamond like carbon films are obtained at short laser wavelength and low substrate temperature. On the other hand, amorphous carbon films were obtained at long laser wavelength and high substrate temperature. The optical band gap decreases with the substrate temperature. The morphology of the film surface was observed using an atomic force microscope. From this result, the film growth at the different laser wavelengths could be explained qualitatively to be surface growth, subsurface growth accompanied with the migration of the penetrated species to the film surface, and subsurface growth respectively using the subplantation model. This model could explain well the results of the optical band gap, the microstructure and the emission spectroscopy. All films showed the occasional incorporation of spherical particles with a diameter of 1-10μm ejected from the targets due to surface being melted.
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  • Hirofumi Takikawa, Miki Yatsuki, Osamu Kusano, Tateki Sakakibara
    1999 Volume 119 Issue 8-9 Pages 1156-1157
    Published: August 01, 1999
    Released on J-STAGE: July 15, 2008
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Cathodic vacuum arc plasma with graphite or graphite-metal composite cathode was ignited under medium vacuum filled with helium gas. The craters of cathode spots and their vicinities were observed using a high-resolution scanning electron microscope. Multiwall carbon nanotubes and nanocapsules were observed at the cathode spot crater. The nanotubes were further observed using a high-resolution transmission electron microscope.
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  • Takeshi Nagasawa
    1999 Volume 119 Issue 8-9 Pages 1158-1159
    Published: August 01, 1999
    Released on J-STAGE: July 15, 2008
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    In the discharge of the atmosphere, it was possible to expand the discharge path by using the floating multielectrode discharge method. By using the induction coil, this electrical discharge method avoids corona discharge.
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  • Ryo Ono, Tetsuji Oda
    1999 Volume 119 Issue 8-9 Pages 1160-1161
    Published: August 01, 1999
    Released on J-STAGE: July 15, 2008
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Iron atoms scattered from electrodes by pulsed arc discharge were measured by laser-induced fluorescence with a tunable KrF excimer laser at atmospheric pressure. The resultant images of two dimensional distribution of iron atoms showed that iron atoms were generated spherically with a diameter of about 2mm from both of needle electrodes. Then the iron vapor propagated along the discharge path keeping its spherical shape with a velocity of about 100 m/s.
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  • Naokatsu Yamamoto, Atsushi Sumiya, Satoshi Saito, Hiroshi Takai
    1999 Volume 119 Issue 8-9 Pages 1162-1163
    Published: August 01, 1999
    Released on J-STAGE: July 15, 2008
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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  • Hidetoshi SUZUKI, Takashi TANAKA, Osamu HASHIMOTO
    1999 Volume 119 Issue 8-9 Pages 1164-1165
    Published: August 01, 1999
    Released on J-STAGE: July 15, 2008
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    In this paper, the reflection characteristics from low loss permittivity plate which is smaller than wavelength are discussed using the FDTD method. As the results, it is validated that the FDTD method is effective for the analysis on the reflection characteristics of a small size specimen. The effect of estimating permittivity using small size specimen by free-space method is discussed.
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  • [in Japanese]
    1999 Volume 119 Issue 8-9 Pages 1168
    Published: August 01, 1999
    Released on J-STAGE: July 15, 2008
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Download PDF (166K)
  • [in Japanese]
    1999 Volume 119 Issue 8-9 Pages 1170
    Published: August 01, 1999
    Released on J-STAGE: July 15, 2008
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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