With a 6 GHz band high resolution magnetic near-field probe (XF-R 3-1) produced by Langer, the transient magnetic fields due to collision ESDs (electrostatic discharges) between metal balls at a charging voltage of 600 V were measured near the spark point to investigate a dipole radiation mechanism. In this study, as an object of considering the measured magnetic field waveforms, two different equivalent circuits of the magnetic near-field probe are derived based on the probe response waveform observed by a TDR (time domain reflectometer) with a 10 ps rise-time pulse and the probe reflection coefficient measured with a 26 GHz network analyzer. Waveform conversion formulae from the probe output voltage to the magnetic field are given. The validity of the conversion methods is verified by comparing the measured conversion waveforms and their frequency spectra in addition to the converted spectra by the Langer field correction curve with the calculated waveforms of the transient magnetic far-fields from a dipole model consisting of image charge pairs and the Rompe-Weizel spark resistance formula. The probe conversion formulae presented here are valid within the frequency range of the 6 GHz probe band, however, beyond the band the resonance peaks at multiple frequencies over 8 GHz appear on the spectra, which causes damping oscillations peculiar to the probe with multiple frequencies to the time domain waveform.

This paper discusses the possibility of non-destructive extraction of intracellular proteins of yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) by means of pulsed electric fields (PEFs) combined with autolysis. First, the effects of PEFs (20 kV/cm, 600 ns) on yeast and the subsequent cell wall collapse phenomenon were studied by morphological observation of fluorescence staining. Morphological observation shows that the PEFs increase the permeability of the cell membrane and also disrupt the intracellular vacuoles, whereas the cell wall morphology remains unchanged. However, the cell wall was collapse during the post-PEF incubation. Next, the amount of extracted protein was evaluated by using the BCA assay. The amount of extracted protein in the PEF treated suspension was only a little, whereas the additional incubation promotes the extraction. Lastly, the size of the extracted proteins was investigated by using both Native-PAGE and SDS-PAGE. The PEF-treated and incubated suspension contains the large protein over 250 kDa.

Electrostatic precipitators of indoor air purifier have a problem of reducing the amount of ozone generated. An ionizer using carbon fiber as a discharge electrode can charge small particles and reduce ozone concentration. In this study, with a view to applying the electrostatic precipitator to indoor air purifiers, carbon fiber brush electrodes were used as the charging electrode. The discharge current and ozone generation characteristics were experimentally investigated as basic characteristics of electrostatic precipitator. The discharge luminescence at the electrode tip and the effect of the distance between the brush electrodes on the collection efficiency were also investigated.

We proposed a large-area double-sided fluorine-free hydrophobic coating on polyethylene terephthalate (PET) surface using atmospheric pressure plasma (APP) irradiation. APP was generated by a dielectric barrier discharge (DBD). In this study, we compared the effect of carrier gases on the hydrophobic coating, observed the chemical structure of the deposited films by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and calculated input energy density from voltage ampere waveform. The carrier gas, which is helium or argon, carried with silicone water-repellent was supplied to the DBD reactor. The results showed that the irradiated samples become a hydrophobic condition in either case. Compared to the contact angles of both samples, the contact angle using argon plasma became large. In addition, the surface has Si-O bond detected by XPS and confirmed the formation of thin silicone films. It revealed that a large-area double-sided irradiated sample (10×200 mm) became hydrophobic at least 5 seconds when input power density was 7.4 mW/cm².

Cuprous oxide (Cu₂O) films were fabricated on commercially available food wrap and quartz substrate by spin-spray method. Spin-spray method can be used to fabricate oxide films at very low temperatures below 100°C. Cu₂O films synthesized at 80°C on commercial food wraps were single phase confirmed by XRD patterns and Raman spectra. The Raman spectra of Cu₂O thin films prepared at 60 and 70°C on the food wrap showed peaks attributed to copper chloride (CuCl) and copper hydroxide (CuOH). From the surface SEM images, the Cu₂O film is composed of small grains. The thickness and grain size of the fabricated films increased with increasing heater temperature. Optical properties, transmittance and reflectance, of the deposited films are low because the films are composed of small grains. The band gaps of all films determined from the transmittance and reflectance were close to those of bulk Cu₂O. These results of this experiment show that it is possible to fabricate Cu₂O films on inexpensive food wraps, not engineering plastics, using the solution method at low temperature below 100°C.

The conversion factor (CF) of a magnetic near field probe directly above a microstrip line (MSL) is derived in conjunction with the arrangement dimensions and the S parameters, which is validated by comparing the CF provided by Langer and the previously presented CF based on time-domain-reflectometer response. Further validity is verified by comparing the spatially averaged magnetic field converted via the derived CF and the magnetic field at the loop center of the probe on the MSL excited by a 500 V charging ESD generator.