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Article type: Cover
2011 Volume 51 Issue 12 Pages
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2011 Volume 51 Issue 12 Pages
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Article type: Index
2011 Volume 51 Issue 12 Pages
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Article type: Index
2011 Volume 51 Issue 12 Pages
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Article type: Appendix
2011 Volume 51 Issue 12 Pages
1064-
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Article type: Appendix
2011 Volume 51 Issue 12 Pages
1065-1067
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Article type: Appendix
2011 Volume 51 Issue 12 Pages
1067-
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Reiko Hori
Article type: Article
2011 Volume 51 Issue 12 Pages
1069-
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[in Japanese]
Article type: Article
2011 Volume 51 Issue 12 Pages
1070-
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Hiroaki Harai
Article type: Article
2011 Volume 51 Issue 12 Pages
1071-1078
Published: December 01, 2011
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Cognitive behavior therapy (CBT)for anxiety disorders is getting so popular that even general public knows it as the primary treatment option. At the same time, we are witnessing the draw backs of its popularity. First, this article discusses about the dissemination of CBT and its principles. Second, it deals with popular questions and misunderstandings in a Q & A style. Lastly, it explains CBT treatment techniques which are often used for anxiety disorders. The author aims to make this article helpfull for both patients and learners.
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Kaori Shimizu, Shin-ichi Suzuki
Article type: Article
2011 Volume 51 Issue 12 Pages
1079-1087
Published: December 01, 2011
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Depression is the commonest mental disease. In Japan, depression is not a rare disease and 5% of her people suffer it in their life. It is reported recently that among the causes of the suicide, 27.6% are by depression, and about 70% of the employees'suicide are considered due to depression. So our Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare is promoting preventive measures for depression as the core of suicide prevention. Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (CBT) for depression has been covered by national health insurance since April, 2010 in Japan. We showed in this study the trend of late years of the CBT for depression as well as its contents and points of application in practice.
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Takehiro Nozaki, Nobuyuki Sudo
Article type: Article
2011 Volume 51 Issue 12 Pages
1088-1097
Published: December 01, 2011
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A change in the traditional Japanese diet to include foods from other countries and increased reliance on motorization has resulted in higher-caloric intake and lower energy expenditure. In consequence, the number of patients with type 2 diabetes, hyperlipidemia, hyperuricemia, hypertension and coronary vascular disease has grown rapidly. These have come to be called lifestyle-related diseases because changes in lifestyle are deeply associated with the onset and development of the diseases. In the U.S. and Europe, lifestyle modification and medication are considered important to the treatment of such diseases. Cognitive behavioral therapy plays a central role in lifestyle modification. We here focus mainly on cognitive behavioral therapy for obesity, which has often been associated with lifestyle-related diseases.
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Shoji Imai, Chizuko Imai
Article type: Article
2011 Volume 51 Issue 12 Pages
1098-1104
Published: December 01, 2011
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This paper describes the theoretical background and treatment methods of Wells' Metacognitive Therapy (MCT). First, one of the fundamental theories of MCT the Self-Regulatory Executive Function (S-REF) model, is described. S-REF consists of a metasystem unit, a low-level processing unit, and a S-REF unit in which all disorders are linked to the activation of a dysfunctional pattern of cognitive processing called Cognitive Attention Syndrome (CAS). Modification of CAS plays an integral role in MCT for all emotional disorders. The two main methods of treating CAS are modifying (negative/positive) metacognitive beliefs and increasing attentional fiexibility. Using an example case of a patient with GAD, the methods for modifying metacognitive beliefs by focusing on the worry function rather than the worry content are summarized. Concerning the modification of attentional fiexibility, the Attention Training (ATT) procedure and theoretical background are illustrated from the perspective of the S-REF model. Finally, the effective use of MCT and the implications of the S-REF model for scientific development are discussed.
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Takashi Muto, Takashi Mitamura
Article type: Article
2011 Volume 51 Issue 12 Pages
1105-1110
Published: December 01, 2011
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The purpose of the present article was to describe the context, content, and some implications of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT), which is one of the "third-wave" of cognitive and behavioral therapies (CBT). This paper was composed of 1) why "mindfulness and acceptance" have been included into the tradition of CBT, from a view point from Clinical Behavior Analysis, 2) what is the ACT treatment model, 3) how is the cutting-edge empirical evidence supporting the effectiveness of ACT, and 4) what are implications of ACT for "next-waves" of cognitive and behavioral therapies. In particular, ACT suggests sifting the DSM-based treatment model to a transdiagnostic "concurrent habits" treatment model.
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Nobuyuki Kobayashi, Fumihiko Hamakawa, Yoshiaki Kanazawa, Noriko Hirom ...
Article type: Article
2011 Volume 51 Issue 12 Pages
1111-1119
Published: December 01, 2011
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Background: In the recently revised RomeIII criteria, irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) was divided into 4 subtypes on the basis of only stool consistency. The differences in the clinical symptoms and psychological factors among the patients with the 4 different subtypes have not been fully described. Therefore, we investigated these factors in our study. Methods: We examined 358 outpatients with IBS at our psychosomatic clinic. The subjects filled up our original symptom questionnaire, which was based on RomeIII criteria and self-rating depression scale (SDS). Among these patients, 62 had IBS with constipation (IBS-C), 46 had mixed IBS (IBS-M), 141 had IBS with diarrhea (IBS-D), and 109 had unclassified IBS (IBS-U). The subjects were also classified according to their consultation purpose; 121 patients had IBS only (IBS-Main), 101 patients had depression (IBS-dep), 83 patients had anxiety disorder or somatoform disorder (IBS-AD), and 53 patients had other diseases. Results: The sex and age of the patients with the 4 different subtypes were not different. Patients with IBS-D and IBS-M had abdominal pain more frequently than those with IBS-C or IBS-U. The frequencies of straining during bowel movement, feeling of incomplete bowel movement, and sensation of anorectal obstruction/blockage were significantly different among the 4 IBS subtypes, and patients with IBS-C showed the highest frequencies followed by patients with IBS-M, IBS-D, and IBS-U. The prevalence of IBS subtypes was significantly different among the 4 groups based on the consultation purpose. IBS-D was the most prevalent in the IBS-main group, and the prevalence of IBS-U in the IBS-dep, IBS-AD, and IBS-others groups was higher than that of IBS-U in the IBS-main group. The two-way layout ANOVA revealed that the SDS score of patients with IBS-U was significantly lower than that of patients with IBS-D. Conclusion: Both abdominal symptoms and depression in patients with IBS-U were milder than those in patients with other IBS subtypes. Our findings suggest that IBS-U may be a mild or incomplete subtype of IBS.
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Seiya Uchida, Yasutami Tsuda, Tomoaki Kimura, Kiyoshi Yamaoka, Kazuo N ...
Article type: Article
2011 Volume 51 Issue 12 Pages
1120-1132
Published: December 01, 2011
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Objectives: To investigate the relationship between perceived shoulder stiffness and two types of hardness meter measurements in short- and long-term studies. Method: In the short-term study, we examined the relationship between perceived pain/hardness and hardness meter measurements of the shoulder, after the participants practiced therapy to relax the shoulder for one hour (n=35). In the long-term study, we examined the relationship between perceived shoulder stiffness; perceived stress, and hardness meter measurements of the shoulder, conducted during occupational medical examinations in 2005 and 2007 (n=149). Results indicated that the load pressure was different for the two types of hardness meters (TDM-nal,and PEK-1). Results: In the short-term study, perceived pain and hardness of the shoulder were related to the TDM-na1 hardness meter measurements. In the long-term study, perceived stiffness and hardness meter measurements in women were higher than in men. The perceived stiffness in men was related to both types of hardness meter measurements, but perceived stiffness in women was not. In women, the change of perceived stress from 2005 to 2007 was related to hardness meter measurements of the left shoulder. Conclusion: The hardness meter is a useful tool for the assessment of perceived shoulder stiffness.
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Ritsuko Hosoya, [in Japanese]
Article type: Article
2011 Volume 51 Issue 12 Pages
1133-1139
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[in Japanese]
Article type: Article
2011 Volume 51 Issue 12 Pages
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Article type: Appendix
2011 Volume 51 Issue 12 Pages
1141-1158
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Article type: Appendix
2011 Volume 51 Issue 12 Pages
1159-1160
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Article type: Appendix
2011 Volume 51 Issue 12 Pages
1161-1163
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Article type: Appendix
2011 Volume 51 Issue 12 Pages
1164-1165
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Article type: Appendix
2011 Volume 51 Issue 12 Pages
1166-1168
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Article type: Appendix
2011 Volume 51 Issue 12 Pages
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Article type: Appendix
2011 Volume 51 Issue 12 Pages
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Article type: Appendix
2011 Volume 51 Issue 12 Pages
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Article type: Appendix
2011 Volume 51 Issue 12 Pages
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Article type: Appendix
2011 Volume 51 Issue 12 Pages
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Article type: Appendix
2011 Volume 51 Issue 12 Pages
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Article type: Index
2011 Volume 51 Issue 12 Pages
i-vii
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Article type: Index
2011 Volume 51 Issue 12 Pages
viii-ix
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Article type: Index
2011 Volume 51 Issue 12 Pages
x-xiii
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Article type: Index
2011 Volume 51 Issue 12 Pages
xiii-
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Article type: Cover
2011 Volume 51 Issue 12 Pages
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