Japan Journal of Educational Technology
Online ISSN : 2432-6038
Print ISSN : 0385-5236
Volume 3, Issue 2
Displaying 1-14 of 14 articles from this issue
  • Article type: Cover
    1978Volume 3Issue 2 Pages Cover1-
    Published: October 20, 1978
    Released on J-STAGE: October 20, 2017
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  • Article type: Cover
    1978Volume 3Issue 2 Pages Cover2-
    Published: October 20, 1978
    Released on J-STAGE: October 20, 2017
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Download PDF (21K)
  • Article type: Appendix
    1978Volume 3Issue 2 Pages App1-
    Published: October 20, 1978
    Released on J-STAGE: October 20, 2017
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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  • Article type: Appendix
    1978Volume 3Issue 2 Pages App2-
    Published: October 20, 1978
    Released on J-STAGE: October 20, 2017
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    Download PDF (67K)
  • Moriya ODA, Tsutomu SHIMOMURA, Hiroyasu CHIMURA
    Article type: Article
    1978Volume 3Issue 2 Pages 49-55
    Published: October 20, 1978
    Released on J-STAGE: October 20, 2017
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    This paper studies experimentally the communication-and-formation process of a specific morality concept, which was aimed by an author of a morality teaching material (or an editor of teacher's guidance textbook of the morality teaching material), communicated to students through a teacher in charge of each class, and formed by students in morality class-work which is regularly done once a week in elementary school and junior high school in Japan. First, the process is discussed from a viewpoint of control system. Second, in order to measure the process, two kinds of morality test (one of which is for students where a three-of-ten-concept selection method is adopted and the other of which is for adults where a percent description method is adopted), are originally made on two kinds of teaching material, "The Man Who Tried to Please Everybody" (where the aimed morality concept is Independency and Autonomy) for third graders in elementary school and "Unreturned Book" (where the aimed concept is Freedom and Responsibility) for middle graders in elementary school. Subjects (students, teachers, mothers, undergraduate students, and graduate students) were told to answer the relation degree between each of ten morality concepts and the teaching material in pretest and posttest. The results of our morality tests have quantitatively analyzed the communication-and-formation process of morality concept, its concept distortion process, morality viewpoints surrounding students, etc., and also made it possible to propose an improvement plan of teacher's guidance textbook of morality material.
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  • Instructional Be­haviors of Cultivating Motivation for Learning
    Takashi SAKAMOTO, Kanji KIMURA, Hiromitsu MUTA, Masayuki SHIMADA
    1978Volume 3Issue 2 Pages 57-70
    Published: October 20, 1978
    Released on J-STAGE: November 20, 2024
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    The purpose of this research was to extract some concrete types of teachers'instructional behavior which seemed helpful to cultivate such behavioral characteristics in normal students, as those of students with higher degree of motivation for learning. The questionnaire with 32 items was used for teachers. As a result, seven independent factors of instructional behavior were extracted by means of factor analysis. They were as follows ; to make clear instructional objectives, to help students prepare and review lessons, to praise students.to respond to students, to help students comprehend, to help students act, to arouse students'responses. In the same way, the questionnaire with 30items was used for students. Seven independent factors of instructional behavior were abstracted by means of factor analysis as follows; to approve students, to help students get interested, to instruct, to help students challenge, to make students compete with each other, to take care of students, to help students cooperate with each ·other. Based on these results, the prescription sheet of items for improving instructional behavior was made in order to provide the rationale for maturing moti­vation for learning. Moreover, it was clarified that the degree of effectiveness of instructional behavior was different from each other in terms of the con­ ditions variables such as the level of school, the kind of subject, sex of students.

  • Impulse Conduction
    Muneaki MIZOTE
    1978Volume 3Issue 2 Pages 71-77
    Published: October 20, 1978
    Released on J-STAGE: November 20, 2024
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    "Impulse Conduction" one of physiological practices for medical students is a basic practice to analyze action potentials on a basis of physiological theory. And, the purpose of practice is to master technique to lead action potentials and analysis method of action potentials and to classify experimental data physiologically. As the practice has been too complex for students to understand, a number of themes has been decreased, an operation of electronical instruments has been simplified by decreasing the numbers of switches and dials, or by demonstration of Impulse Conduction played a position of practice, sometimes. Main factors which have made a practice complex are as follows: (1) Life of preparation must be kept. (2) All students do not have enough knowledge to try a physiological practice. (3) Electonical instruments are not easy to operate. And so, I produced a practical instrument with an electronical action potential model. Now, students are possible to study the trial physiological practice for themselves using a video system which has programmed questions on a certain level. Namely, students may have more themes of physiological practice and are easy to understand about Impulse Conduction and may learn deeper physiological theory in a practical unit, using the electronical action potentials model for a trial practice.

  • Yasuki HAMANO, Terumi NAKANO
    1978Volume 3Issue 2 Pages 79-92
    Published: October 20, 1978
    Released on J-STAGE: November 20, 2024
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    This paper gives an overview of educational innovation research and classifies the determinants af-fecting educational innovation processes. After collecting 115 pertinent research reports published in foreign countries as well as in Japan, possible determinants are examined under nine main categories : namely, Determinants for Adoption and lmplementation; Teachers (including,teachers'attitudes toward innovation, sex, age and experience, miscellaneous) ; Learners; Schools (school size, levels of schools, or-ganizational stuctures, principals'leadership, miscellaneous) ; Environment Surrounding School ; Edu-cational Administration ; and Innovation Strategies. After examining the determinants, the following are proposed for future research: 1) It is necessary to differentiate between the two phases of the innovation process, adoption and implementation, and in particular to determine better indices for measuring implementation. 2) There is need to identify better measuring indices for organizational changes rather than those for individual change, since schools are institutions. 3) Since educational innovation, in particular innovation, in schools, is always affected by idiosyncratic factors, and the research results are, accordingly, very specific in nature, it is difficult to derive generalized conclusions from the results. There is need to develop a better research methodology so that the results can be more widely generalized, and hence made applicable to other cases.

  • Article type: Appendix
    1978Volume 3Issue 2 Pages App3-
    Published: October 20, 1978
    Released on J-STAGE: October 20, 2017
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  • Article type: Appendix
    1978Volume 3Issue 2 Pages App4-
    Published: October 20, 1978
    Released on J-STAGE: October 20, 2017
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  • Article type: Appendix
    1978Volume 3Issue 2 Pages App5-
    Published: October 20, 1978
    Released on J-STAGE: October 20, 2017
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  • Article type: Appendix
    1978Volume 3Issue 2 Pages App6-
    Published: October 20, 1978
    Released on J-STAGE: October 20, 2017
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  • Article type: Cover
    1978Volume 3Issue 2 Pages Cover3-
    Published: October 20, 1978
    Released on J-STAGE: October 20, 2017
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Download PDF (25K)
  • Article type: Cover
    1978Volume 3Issue 2 Pages Cover4-
    Published: October 20, 1978
    Released on J-STAGE: October 20, 2017
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