Influence of the elimination of causative food in children with food allergy on the intake of foods and nutrients of their family was studied by food frequency questionnaire based on food groups (FFQg), estimation of intake foods by photograph and some questionnaire to the mothers. Non-allergic mothers of the patients were proved to take less eggs, milk, beans and calcium. Non-allergic siblings were restricted to take eggs, but there was no defective intake of any nutrients.
The compliance of elimination of the causative food was better in the allergic children whose mother did also not take the food. These observations indicate the necessity of the care for the dietary habit of the family of food allergy children.

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While an increasing prevalence of bronchial asthma in children and an earlier onset of asthma are viewed as issues, various data on drug therapy for asthmatic children and their prognosis have been internationally documented. Based upon such new evidence, the Japanese pediatric guideline was revised in 2005, so as to recommend early introduction of inhaled corticosteroid therapy even for infants and young children. In Japan, however, no inhaled corticosteroid preparation enabling easy inhalation by infants and young children (particularly infants) is commercially available so that some asthmatic children have not been sufficiently treated and no improvement has been made in the number of deaths and acute hospitalizations due to asthma in infants and young children.
Under these circumstances, budesonide inhalation suspension is to be launched as the first inhaled corticosteroid especially via nebulisation in Japan. Introduction of this drug will enable implementation of the inhaled corticosteroid therapy recommended by the guideline. Meanwhile, emphasis should be placed on the proper use in consideration of risk-benefit balance particularly for infants and young children. This paper gives the overview of efficacy and safety data of this drug based on Japanese and US clinical study results and some information about use of nebuliser.

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The causes of asthma death were analyzed on 192 patients aged from 0 to 34 years old, died from 1988 to 2004 and reported to the committee till October in 2005. Subjects studied were divided in two groups by the year: former group who died between 1988 and 1997, later group between 1998 and 2004, to observe the recent change of asthma death.
Annual number of registered asthma death tended to decreased since 1998.
Sex ratio male to female was 97 to 62 in the former group and 21 to 12 in the later group. The grade of asthma severity prior to their asthma death were; severe (44%), moderately severe (30%) and mild (26%) in the former group and severe (48%), moderately severe (26%) and mild (26%) in the later group.
Number of death in the hospital to which he or she always visited, was 73% aged from 0 to 3 years old, 54% aged from 7 to 12 years old, and 39% aged over 13 years old. In the group aged over 13 years old, number of death in other hospital, in the way to the hospital or in ambulance increased.
The main contributory factors to asthma death were unexpected sudden exacerbation that is most important factor and the second was delay visiting the hospital.
Medications given in the last one year was analyzed. Steroid inhalation therapy tended to increase 32% in the later group compared with 24% in the former group and patch therapy of beta-agonist appeared in the later group.
The state of asthma attack during 24 hours before they died was analyzed. In the age group over 12 years old, asthma attack became severe more rapidly than other age groups. In the patients over six years old, these who inhaled steroid as daily controller medications were compared with those who didn't inhale it. The patients inhaled steroid were tolerated longer to severe asthma attacks than those didn't inhale it. These patients didn't inhaled steroid followed much more rapid clinical courses than those inhaled it.

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