Authors invented new adhesive for wood, the conception is based on very unique two parts cross-linking system. The aim of this R & D is to obtain exellent water resistant adhesives by adding reactive isocyanate compound as a cross-linking agent to the primary components comprised of water-based polymer and synthetic resin latex or thermosetting resin emulsion.
The primary components may contain some fillers an d other ingredients. Polyfunctional isocyanate as shwon in Fig.1 is used for cross-linking component. It is a system that advanced water resistance by combining main fluid and cross-linker to develop three dimensional cross-link.
This adhesives made it possible to offer the performance which corresponds to each purpose by modifying components of main fluid, or changing types of emulsion as SBR, Acryl, EVA, etc. It is also possible to control its performance by changing the type of cross-linker or adjusting its quantity. (refer to Fig.4) This adhesive is mainly used for laminated wood, and its easy handling and high adhesion strength make it more convenient to utilize wood resources effectively, and therefore used as a main adhesives for laminated wood.

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Shinto Paint Co., Ltd. (SPC) has developed and successfully industrialized a manufacturing method of LCD color filters which are now remarkably growing.
With an electrodeposition technology having b een accumulated for more than 30 years in the industrial coating field and additionally with a pigment dispersion technology, we have developed a technique for forming excellently transparent color thin films of Red, Green and Blue (R, G, B), three primary colors of light on transparent electrodes of ITO films patterned on glass plate.
Furthermore, we have invented an original technique for forming black matrix by the back-exposure system.
For industrialization, we have established a manufacturing method which meets a mass production process and shows an excellence in simplicity and safety, based on above-mentioned two technologies.

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The topological reference systems of the ring molecules (such as the Hückel annulene and the Möbius annulene) with same atoms and without the bond alternation are studied by using the propag ator method under the Hückel approximation. Some quantum chemical quantities (such as the total π electron energy, the total π electron density, the bond order, the self-atom polarizability and the frontier electron density) of the Hückel annulene, the Möbius annulene, and their topological reference systems are obtained in analytical formulae. Consequences of the cyclic structure for the energy stabilization and chemical reactivity of the Hückel annulene and the Möbius annulene are discussed by using the indexes. Reasonable agreement is found between our theoretical results and experiments.

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Viscosity and density for aqueous solutions of monocarboxylic acids and sodium salts were measured at relatively low concentration at 25 °C. The viscosity B-coefficients of Jones-Dole equation and the limiting partial molar volumes, _??_∞, for the sodium monocarboxylates were obtained, and their values f or the carboxylate ions were shown in Table 1. Some new equations for calculating the viscosities and the apparent molar volumes of the solutions containing only the undissociated acids have been derived. The values of B-coefficients and _??_∞ for the undissociated species of monocarboxylic acids were determined with eq.14 and 21 respectively, and given in Table 3.
From the signs and the magunitudes of B-0.0025 _??_∞ and the slopes of the straight lines in Figs.5and 6, it was found that carboxylato and alkyl groups contribute to the formation of water structure around the substituents as the structure makers, while carboxyl group is a structure breaker.
As shown in Fig.8, the increments of B-coefficient and _??_∞ for dissociation of th e undissociated acids increase with the alkyl carbon atoms. Therefore, it may be concluded that when the monocarboxylic acids dissociate into ions, they promote the water structure around the solutes, and then the water structures change both in the vicinity of characteristic groups and in the vicinity of alkyl groups.

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The viscosities and the densities for the three homologous series of alkanols, alkanediols, and disodiurn dicarboxylates with linear carbon chain in aqueous solutions were measured at 25 °C.
The viscosity B-coefficients of the Jones-Dole equation and the limiting partial molar volumes, _??_∞, were determined for each solute (Table 1).
B-coefficients per methylene group, B ( -CH₂-), were obtained from the slopes of the linear relationships between the B values and the number of carbon atoms in the alkyl chains. As the viscosity Bcoefficients of solutes were assumed to be expressed by the sum of the individual B value for the partial structure consisting in the solutes, the B values for the each partial structure (i.e. -OH, -CH₃, -COOH, -COO^-) were determined on the basis of B ( -CH₂-).
The individual _??_∞ value for the partial structure w as also determined by using a similar method as shown in Table 2.
Eq.13, V_B=B /0.0025, was derived from the Einstein equation and eq.11-12. VBi s considered as the molar volumes, which is expressed by the sum of the contribution of the size of the solute and that of the solute-solvent interactions. Substitution of each B value for the partial structures into eq.13 gives V_B for the partial structures.
Fig.9 sho ws the relationships between the V_B values and the _??_∞ values for the each partial structure. It can be considered that -CH2-, -CH3 and -COO- are the structure-makers, and -COOH, -OH, -NH₃⁺, -NH₂, -SO₃^- and -OSO₃^- are the structure-breakers. The degree of the structure-breaking increases in the order: -OH < -NH₂ = -COOH <-SO₃- < -NH₃+ < -OSO₃-. The water structure in the vicinity of -CH₂- and -CH₃ in ions is more promoted than that in nonelectrolytes. And the water structure in the vicinity of -CH₂- in dicarboxylate ions is more promoted than that in monocarboxylate ions.

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The reaction of guaiazulene (1) with a 1.2 molar amounts of a heterocycle-carbaldehyde (i.e., thiophene-2-carbaldehyde, pyrrole-2-carbaldehyde, and imidazole-2-carbaldehyde) in acetic acid at room temperature (25°C) for 1-8 h under argon gave the corresponding 3, 3'-methylenebis (guaiazulene)having a heterocycle-substituent at C-α position (2 and 5, respectively) in good yield (96-98%)and 3 in low yield (38%). In addition to these anticipated products, two structurally very interesting guaiazulene derivatives, 8-isopropy1-6, 10a-dimethy1-10aH-azuleno[3', 3a', 4': 4, 5, 6]pyrido[1, 2-α]pyrrole (4, 35% yield) and 8-isopropy1-6, 10a-dimethy1-10aH-azuleno[3', 3a', 4': 4, 5, 6]pyrido[1, 2α]imidazole (6, 3% yield), were also obtained as minor products by the reactions of 1 respectively with pyrrole-2-carbaldehyde and imidazole-2-carbaldehyde. The structures of these products were established on the basis of their spectroscopic (UV/VIS, IR, NMR, and MS) data. Possible reaction pathways for the formation of these compounds are discussed.

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Title reactions have been conducted in benzene. Ethyl acetoacetate reacted with the Zr-OMe group of dimethoxobis (acetylacetonato) zirconium, Zr (OMe)₂ (acac)₂, to afford the disproportionation products bearing a Zr-OMe group. However, the reaction with methyl acetoacetate (Hmtac) led to the formation of the Zr (mtac)₂ (acac)₂ containing a small amount of Zr-OMe group.
The reactions of Zr ( 0Me)2 (acac)2 with tricarbonyl compounds (HL) such as 3-acety1-2, 4-pentanedione (Hacacac) and 3-ethoxycarbonyl-2, 4-pentanedione (Hecacac) in a 1: 2 molar ratio proceeded smoothly to afford the corresponding Zr ( L)₂ (acac)₂ in high yield. The Zr (Li)₂ (acac)₂ complex was not obtained from the reaction between Zr (acac)₄ and HL in the molar ratio. The Zr (L)₄ complex was produced in high yield from the reaction of Zr (OMe)₂ (acac)₂ or Zr (acac)₄ with an excess amount of HL. The solubility of the isolated Zr(L)₄ complexes for aprotic solvent was examined.

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Three aqueous soluble chitosan derivatives, N-carboxymethylchitosan (= CM-1), N- (3-carboxypropyl)chitosan (= CM-2) and N, N, N-trimethylchitosan (= CM-3) were synthesized to examine their antifungal activities on Fusarium solani f.sp. pisi(=F. solani) and Verticillium. CM-1, CM-2, and CM3 were prepared by treating chitosan with monochloroacetic acid, 4-chlorobutyric acid, and methyl iodide, respectively. CM-1 and CM-2 are zwitter-ion type of chitosan derivatives, while CM-3 is a quaternized chitosan derivative having positive charges. The antifungal activities of them were quantitatively investigated by measuring the growth rate and lag time of the fungal multipulication by means of a plate culture method. The growth rates decreased with an increase in the concentrations of chitosan derivatives. The lag time increased with increasing concentrations of chitosan derivatives. The antifungal activity of chitosan derivatives on F. solani was about three times that of original chitosan. Their activities on Verticillium were about 1/10 of those on F. solani. The relative activity on F. solani of the chitosan derivatives was in the following order: CM-3≥CM-2≥CM-1. That on Verticillium was as follows: CM-3≥CM-2>>CM-1. These results suggest that the cation charge of CM-3 and the hydrophobicity resulting from propyl chain and methyl groups of CM-2 and CM-3, respectively, would b e effective for the growth inhibition of F. solani and Verticillium.

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A method which enables us to identify and classify cells and organisms at the level of gen otype was e stablished and designated as genome profiling. It is composed of three basic steps: 1) preparation of genome DNAs by an alkaline-extraction-based simple method, 2) random PCR which provides spefcific DNA ragments related to the genome DNAs, 3) temperature gradient gel electrophoresis (TGGE) which separates and characterizes DNA fragments. Genome profiling was theoretically shown to be sufficiently informative and have a function-like nature that definitely depends on t emplates and primers, which was experimentally supported. All experimental results obtained with 19 organisms and more gave characteristic and specific profiles. Important findings were that genome profilings obtained with two different species of organisms were quite different, while in some cases there were one or two similar bands, and that each primer used for random PCR gave a distinct profile to the same genome, offring a reason for its nasming.

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Ethylene-propylene random copolymers (EP) in ethylcyclohexane or ethylbenzene convert to ther moreversible gels. Melting temperatures of the gels were measured as a function of polymer concentra tion and the crystalline junction size ζ, which is the number of consecutive ethylene units such as _??_CH₂CH₂_??_ζ, was estimated using the Takahashi theory. Moreover, weight-average length in number of consecutive ethylene units _??_(E)w was estimated from ¹³C-NMR measurements assuming the 1st-order Markov statistics and the value of _??_(E)w was compared with the junction size ζ formed in an EP gel. The unction size ζ decreased with increasing propylene content of an EP sample, and agreed approximately with the value of _??_(E)w, i.e., ζ_??__??_(E)w.

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High filler-containing papers were prepared by incorporating mixtures of two kinds of silica fillers carrying different particle size. The filler particles were silicas, SD-8 with an average diameter of 9 pm and PW-20 of 26 μm. The ratio of both silicas in the filler mixtures was 1: 3 (ratio of weight, SD-8 to PW-20), 1: 1 or 3: 1, respectively. The filler contents in the paper were 10 wt% to 65 wt%. The effects of the silica mixtures and the filler contents on the mechanical strength and the porous structure of the papers were investigated. The pore-size distributions were measured by a mercury intrusion porosimeter and the pore structures were observed by a scanning electron microscope. The pore volume increased for papers in which SD-8 ratios in the filler were high and the filler contents increased. The highest pore volume of the sample sheets was one for a paper with filler ratio of 3: 1 and the filler content of 60 wt%, and it was 3.8 times as much as that of the filler-free sheet. The pore volume below 2 μm in diameter remarkably increased with an increased SD-8 ratio in the filler. The tensile strength and the folding endurance were measured by the Schopper's machines. The mechanical strength of the papers decreased dramatically when the filler contents increased, and it decreased a lot for papers in which the SD-8 ratio in the filler increased. The moisture content of the papers increased with the filler content increase in the paper and when the SD-8 ratio in the filler increased. The effects of SD-8 were higher than those of PW-20, especially in high humidity air.

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Study of suspension stability related to the surface potential of pigment particle in nonaqueous system has been scarcely done due to the complicated ionization phenomena. However, the surface potential of dispersed particles is very important for the study of dispersion stability.
Surface potential of three different copper phthalocyanine pigme nts was measured in solvents and/or acrylic monomers. The copper phthalocyanine pigment samples having three differrent surface characters were prepared by surface treatment using amino derivative and sulfonated derivative of copper phthalocyanine compound.
Dispersion sta bility was obtained in the system where surface potential was recognized, and the surface potential was deeply related with the polarization and the dissociation of the polar solvents and/or monomers adsorbed on the surface of pigment particles. The permittivity of the system was measured to estimate the polarization and the dissociation of the polar solvents and / or monomers.
The interaction between the surface of pigment particle and the polar solven ts and monomer molecules was quite different in each pigment's surface.

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In our previous study, we found that the adsorption of polar solvents or mono-mers on the pigment surface caused the surface potential, and the magnitude of the surface potential was well related to the dispersion stability in solvents and/or acrylic monomers. In this paper, the surface potential and resin adsorption on the surface of copper phthalocyanine pigments having three different surface characters were investigated in acrylic resin solution. The copper phthalocyanine pigment samples having three differrent surface ch aracters were prepared by surface treatment using amino derivative and sulfonated derivative of copper phthalocyanine compound. Acrylic resins were prepared by copolymerization of buthyl methacrylate and methacrylic acid. Resin adsorption caused the occurrence of surface potential, however, the value of surface potential was not proportional to the adsorption volume. Resin adsorption was more effective against dispersion stability rather than surface potential in the resin solution. Relationships between surface potential and res in adsorption were quite different in each surface character of the surface treated samples.

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Starting from 22-benzoyloxy-3β-(t-butyldimethylsilyloxy)-5α, 8α-(4-pheny1-3, 5-dioxo-1, 2, 4-triazolidine-1, 2-diyl)-23, 24-dinor-1, 6-choladiene (5), the PTAD (4-phenyl-3H-1, 2, 4, -triazole-3, 5-(4H)-dione)addust of 1α, 3β-dihydroxy-2β-(3-hydroxypropoxy)-23, 24-dinor-5, 7-choladiene derivative (3) was converted to 1α, 25-dihydroxy-2β- (3-hydroxypropoxy)vitamin D₃ (2). Oxidation of 3 afforded the corresponding C-20 carbaldehyde (4).

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Noble metal catalysts supported on diphenyl phosphonate7formaldehyde chelate resin with tetraethylenepentamine (DPP-TEP) were prepared.
The gold, platinum, and palladium ions adsorbed on DPP-TEP were easily reduced by sodium borohy dride in basic ethanol solution under reflux for about 20 min to give metallic gold, platinum, and palladium supported on resin. The noble metal catalysts supported on resin could be used at 300°C several times.
The catalytic activities of noble metals supported on resin for the hydrogenation of alkene increased in the order: gold catalyst < palladium catalyst < platinum catalyst. Using the platinum catalyst in the hydrogenation of alkadienes, propadiene and 1, 3-butadiene were converted to the corresponding alkanes quantitatively at 50 °C. Using the palladium catalyst, propadiene and 1, 3-butadiene were converted to propylene (90%) and 1-butene (80%) at 50°C respectively.

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The reaction of 2'-deoxyguanosine with N-nitroso-N-methyl-N'-phenylurea 1 in methanol gavo hree alkylated products, N1-(15%), N7-(19%), and O⁶-(24%)methy1-2'-deoxyguanosine, diffe ring rom the result in the reaction with methyl iodide in which only the N⁷-methyl derivative was obtained The random distribution of the products may be due to the formation of a carbonium ion from 1, being mpable of the occurrence of the, S_N1 reaction at the nucleophilic sites in the guanine residue. The rela ive extent of the O⁶-alkylation (O⁶/N¹, O⁶/N⁷) was found to be decreased significantly when the water was added to the reaction medium. This observation suggests that the importance of the O⁶-alkylation will grow further if the DNA-alkylations by alkylnitrosoureas occur in hydrophobic environment Lnder certain cellular conditions. Thus the evaluation of the carcinogenicity of alkylnitro soureas may veil be achieved with properly defined experimental conditions including a solvent or a dosage method

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