霊長類研究
Online ISSN : 1880-2117
Print ISSN : 0912-4047
ISSN-L : 0912-4047
17 巻, 1 号
選択された号の論文の4件中1~4を表示しています
  • 芝田 純也, 竹本 浩典
    2001 年 17 巻 1 号 p. 1-11
    発行日: 2001年
    公開日: 2009/09/07
    ジャーナル フリー
    Extant African apes and humans share the frontal sinus while extant Asian apes don't. The analysis of the frontal sinus is essential for understanding the evolution of the great apes as well as the role of the paranasal sinuses. However, there is no concrete agreement on the phylogenetic and functional interpretations of the frontal sinus. Partly, this is due to the paucity of morphological information of the frontal sinus in African apes including ontogenetic and individual variations. This study examined the three-dimensional morphology of the frontal sinus in twelve chimpanzees' crania by using the Computed Tomography.
    The frontal sinus in the chimpanzee grows upward from the nasal cavity and reaches the level of the superior orbital margin at the same chronological age as in humans. This fact probably suggests that the growth of the sinus in the chimpanzee is different from that in humans in terms of the biological age determined by dental development.
    The frontal sinus morphology in the chimpanzee is as variable as that in Homo sapiens. The sinus volume clearly correlates with the cranial maximum length and scales in a positive allometric fashion relative to the length. The protrusion of the frontal sinus in the interorbital region is also related with the length.
    The interspecific difference in the morphology of the frontal sinus between adult chimpanzees and humans is possibly resulted from the morphological difference of the skull and body size.
  • 川本 芳, 大沢 秀行, 和 秀雄, 丸橋 珠樹, 前川 慎吾, 白井 啓, 荒木 伸一
    2001 年 17 巻 1 号 p. 13-24
    発行日: 2001年
    公開日: 2009/09/07
    ジャーナル フリー
    We conducted genetic assessment on a postulated hybrid population between Taiwan macaques (Macaca cyclopis) and Japanese macaques (M. fuscata) inhabiting Ooike and the surrounding area in Wakayama prefecture in 1999. The population originated with the introduction of Taiwan macaques in the area in 1955. Two social groups, of approximately 200 animals in total were observed, indicating an annual growth rate of 3.0-6.7% following introduction. From our analysis of diagnostic genetic markers (three kinds of blood proteins and mitochondrial DNA D-loop sequence), the degree of interspecific hybridization could be quantified and the breeding structure assessed. Six of the nine animals examined were identified as hybrids born in the study area after more than one generation of mixture. Two of the remaining animals showed a Taiwanese macaque-like genetic profile and the last was Japanese macaque-like. Approximately one forth of the Taiwanese gene pool has already been replaced with Japanese macaque genes over the last 45 years. The migration rate from out groups of native Japanese macaques was estimated to be 0.6% per year and 5.9% per generation. These results strongly suggest that the two macaque species are intermixing without reproductive constraint in the area. This man made hybrid zone risks disturbing of the gene pools and biological features of native Japanese macaques in surrounding areas. The impact of expansion of exotic genes into Japanese macaque habitats is discussed based on the obtained estimates of demographic and genetic parameters.
  • 生息の現状分析と保護計画の策定に向けて
    橋本 千絵, 古市 剛史
    2001 年 17 巻 1 号 p. 25-29
    発行日: 2001年
    公開日: 2009/09/07
    ジャーナル フリー
  • 杉浦 秀樹
    2001 年 17 巻 1 号 p. 31-32
    発行日: 2001年
    公開日: 2009/09/07
    ジャーナル フリー
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