This study discusses the characteristics of settlement promotion housing development using PFI projects. The number of proposing developers has been limited since it has been difficult to enter into the business in local cities given the nature of PFI projects. On the other hand, by stimulating consulting services to encourage project applications and increasing non-price evaluations, some cases received diverse proposals, resulting in development of distinctive architectural forms and designs.

Since the 2014 refugee crisis, Germany has been the European developed country that received the largest number of refugees with the biggest test of refugee housing placement. This article takes the small town of Altena in Germany as the study target, by analyzing the process of ASR’s settlements to clarify the relationship between governmental policies, and social integration. The result shows decentralized accommodation help accelerate social integration and reduce interior conflict under the targeted help of local volunteer group. However, ASRs in decentralized accommodation require more volunteer power, appliances, and space that can consider language learning and baby parenting.

This paper examines whether satisfaction can be obtained when the temperature difference among rooms is set to be less than 3°C through actual room temperature measurement and interviews. The actual measurements revealed that the temperature difference between rooms was less than 3°C. However, dissatisfaction was expressed by some dwelling units, and the reason for such was surmised. While a temperature difference of less than 3°C is deemed appropriate, an innovative layout should be designed to create a better thermal environment.

This study delves into Type 48 social housing constructed in postwar Japan, with 1,919 units spread across 14 cities. Surprisingly, units in local cities saw minimal resident renovations, maintaining furniture and fittings well. Notably, the spacious south-side living room doubled as a dining area and bedroom. Small serving windows were popular among households with children, while the Oribe-doko had limited use.

A questionnaire survey was conducted among public libraries in the Chugoku and Shikoku regions to compare responses by (1) time series and (2) area of emergency declarations, etc., and to examine the continuation of public library operations during an infectious disease epidemic. In addition, architectural plans for libraries in the new normal era were examined. The number of entrances and the location of counters were found to be effective in the conventional architectural plan in preventing infectious diseases in libraries, and issues were found in area closure and ventilation.

This study focuses on the declining birthrate in Shimane Prefecture and clarifies the impact of school integration on districts after school reorganization. First, we consider the changes in the number of schools and students, as well as the status of the formulation of school reorganization plans by municipalities. Second, focusing on Izumo City, which underwent wide-area merger in Heisei period, we considered three school districts that were on an integrated framework. Furthermore, we took cognizance of the background and the situation after these districts were divided into two districts that joined the integrated elementary school and one district that continued.

This study simulates the people flow in Shibuya station with a free walking space under two modes: before and after earthquake occurrence. The purpose is to verify how to effectively utilize the sparseness and density areas created by the movement of multiple pedestrians and the necessity of installing the guidance device. The simulation examines the effects that the presence or absence of the guidance device has on the station environment, such as shortening pedestrian movements and easing congestion. The results clearly show that the appropriate installation of the guidance device in the target space will help improve safety.

Although the epidemic of COVID-19 is temporarily calming down in Japan, its infectivity remains unchanged, so there is still concern about mass outbreaks at facilities for the elderly. Unlike outpatient facilities, inpatient facilities cannot be closed even if a positive person occurs, and it will be necessary to deal with residents and positive people. The purpose of this study is to obtain knowledge that would lead to the prevention of the spread of COVID-19. The occurrence of COVID-19 cases was first examined, and then the response after testing positive was considered in geriatric health services facilities.

With a decreasing population and aging buildings, some Japanese public libraries relocated and compounded for renewal. However, few studies considered the trends in the dynamic relocation process. Therefore, we conducted a comparative study on 217 relocated public libraries (RPLs), particularly the central and branch libraries in different areas, to investigate the relocation and compounding trends. The results indicated central libraries tended to relocate to commercial zones and compound to commercial or transportation facilities in urban areas. Conversely, branch libraries exhibited joint relocation trends with community centers, tending toward compounds with city halls and schools in residential zones.

The purpose of this study is to summarize the issues of architectural programming for temporary child custody center through a survey, focusing on the actual conditions of the spatial configuration and the intentions of the staff regarding the facility space and environment. In the analysis, there are a certain number of facilities where children have limited space with few private rooms and few types of rooms for activities. Next, as for the staff’s intentions, it became clear that there is a desire for an environment for individualized care and dedicated rooms by function and a flexible space configuration.

This paper discusses the history of the reception of art space in Kagawa. The origin of Japanese art space is considered to be the space of shrines and temples, and is found in Kotohira Shrine. Historically, the shrine has supported artists such as Maruyama Okyo and Yuichi Takahashi. It was not until the postwar period that a modern art museum was built in Kagawa. The Takamatsu Art Museum designed by Bunzo Yamaguchi, which opened in 1948, can be regarded as the first modern public art museum in Japan. Through research, it will reveal the advanced nature of this museum.

Many people with autism or developmental disabilities have sensory hypersensitivity. The spread of “quiet rooms” in which they can feel at ease is necessary to support them, but their high setup cost is a hurdle. We developed the “Inclusive Quiet Room” which is a new concept of a portable quiet room that combines an easy-to-construct instant house, immersive videos, and relaxing sounds. In this paper, we investigate the effectiveness and usefulness of the Inclusive Quiet Room through the analysis of questionnaires and the heart rate of people who experienced it at an exhibition.

The purpose of this study is to use dead oak trees cut down due to oak wilt which has become a problem in Japan recently as construction material. To use these trees as a material, it is essential to consider how to use those with countless wormholes with pest control. Therefore, we independently used these trees as boards with wormholes. By evaluating the board-cutting methods and wormhole location in the simulation, we clarified the relationship. After that, we processed them into flooring and indicated them to be one of the ways to use them.

In order to obtain suggestions regarding planning methods that do not involve too much planning, this study investigated the actual conditions of public housing in Omuta City, where voluntary additions to public housing were actively conducted. The results showed that it is important to clearly indicate in advance which spaces are to be occupied, and to leave it to the ingenuity of the residents.

Shimokitazawa is a commercial neighborhood in Tokyo, well-known for its narrow streets, where small shops create an intimate street environment. The blend of these streets and the ground floor of the buildings through the pedestrian activities could reveal the characteristics of a permeability of the neighborhood at eye level, which would lead to a significant urban attribute on a human-centered design. This study aims to clarify the characteristics of commercial streets in Shimokitazawa by investigating the physical components and pedestrian characteristics of the Temporary Edge. The findings suggest different patterns diversifying their permeability and uneven distributions, creating a unique streetscape.

Affected by the Great East Japan Earthquake and the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Station Accident, about 16,800 temporary housing was built in Fukushima Prefecture. Among these, 13,408 of built temporary housing, which was built by purchase method of Fukushima Prefecture, was the subject to reuse after their supply period. Continuing the investigation analysis of the case studies of relocation from previous report Part 1, this research revealed the reality of relocation of temporary housing more specifically by comparison analysis of reuse efficiency of parts of the housings between major structure methods.

This paper reports the results of an examination on how the increase in residential floor area affects the child population and the number of students in public elementary and junior high schools. By analyzing data from 2002 to 2021 in the central area of Tokyo, it was confirmed that for every 1,000 square meters of residential floor area, there is an increase in the number of young children by 2.9 to 4.2 individuals, an increase in elementary school students by 0.4 to 1.2 individuals, and an increase of 0.15 individuals in the number of junior high school students.

In the central urban area of Seto City, the revitalization of the region is being promoted through financial support from the local government for the utilization of vacant houses and storefronts. This study aims to explore and clarify effective methods for this municipal support of using vacant houses and storefronts.

This study is positioned as a basic research for the study of appropriate placement of guiding facilities in the location optimization plan by understanding the usage areas of commercial facilities, clarifying the factors that influence these usage areas, and clarifying the usage areas by district characteristics. As a result, it was found that the utilization area differs greatly depending on the facility, and that these differences are influenced by the characteristics of the location. The study also indicated the need to formulate strategies that take into account the usage area by district characteristics.

The purpose of this study is to identify residential livability concerns of a series of small developments. Depending on the development process, the living environment will differ. For example, a residential area with many hills including stairs makes going out inconvenient. It was also found that the continuity of residency differed depending on the type of development activity and the longer the years of residence, the fewer the concerns.　In areas where convenience is low, it is necessary to consider supporting continued residence by devising other ways to make the area more attractive as a living space.

This study analyzed the mechanism and community formation of digital urban farming and user evaluation. The results are as follows: 1. Temporary Farm can remotely manage the conditions of vegetable cultivation by using the grow GO app and IoT sensors. 2. The use of digital technology complements real-world interactions with virtual interactions. 3. Users demonstrated a higher level of interest in the social interaction aspects of digital technology rather than the cultivation features.

In Japan, traditional markets are on the decline, giving way to a surge in modern markets with diverse characteristics. The objective of this study is to assess the status of market-related initiatives undertaken by local governments, aiming to scrutinize markets as urban strategies that extend beyond mere attractive events. The results indicate that more than half of local governments have implemented market-related projects, yet less than 20% explicitly include such activities in their local government plans. We anticipate that this study will contribute concrete information to enhance our understanding of the broader landscape of market-related projects undertaken by local governments.

In area management, securing human and financial resources is often a constant issue. This is especially true in regional cities. In this study, we examined the development of area management activities in the case of Sakurai City, Nara Pref. We then analyzed the actual situation of securing human resources and financial resources. Specifically, we clarified the impetus for each person’s participation in area management, the roles of each person, and the status of financial resources and income/expenditure in the activities.

This study clarifies the change of disaster prevention capacity by Central Area Revitalization Project (CARP) in local city, targeting five cities of Tokai region. Central area of each city has not only strong hub, like central station, inducing people but also main disaster prevention facilities like city hall or emergency transport route. Through CARP, especially upgrading of station plaza is effective because of increasing evacuation capacity in the place where people gather most. On the other, concentration of high-rise residential building makes evacuation capacity in central area unsteady and relatively evacuation facilities preparation for stranded commuters is behind schedule.

This report examines factors enabling continued use of wooden emergency housing after Kumamoto earthquake in Uki City and Mashiki Town, where residential instruction zones established. It has been demonstrated that adoption of reinforced concrete foundations, gratuitous transfer of properties from Kumamoto Prefecture, and the classification of these houses as housing leased by the municipality to residents without government subsidy were crucial factors facilitating ongoing use. Additionally, the favorable location conditions of these housing complexes in areas with high living convenience have been identified as essential for realizing their continued use.

As of April 1, 2023, 45 prefectures and 51 municipalities have enacted the Cliff Ordinances in Japan. Many differences were found in the definition of applicable cliffs, the extent of regulated sites, applicable buildings, and the conditions for exemptions. These differences could be used to discourage construction near cliffs.

This paper aims to analyze the function and institutional system of intermediate support organizations (ISOs) in road maintenance adopt program based on a case study on Kitakyushu City Road Supporter Program. An interview survey was conducted on the two ISOs (Non-Profit Organizations), relevant city officials, 14 leaders of the supporter groups. The major findings are as follows: a) The NPOs are evaluated by the officials and the leaders on the functions of such as intermediation between them, improvement of the system and its operations. b) The systems such as conditions of NPOs’ selection, possibility of multiple-year-contract contribute the above functions.

The purpose of this paper is to clarify the utilization methods, the actual status of activity organizations, and issues concerning the 16 unfinished railroads. The utilization types could be classified into (1) utilization of a single object, (2) utilization of lines, and (3) utilization of the entire line, and the relationship between the type of remains and the utilization methods was identified.　However, the activity organizations faced issues, such as the aging of the remains, profitability, and personnel shortage. It is considered necessary for the municipalities, private companies, and civic organizations to cooperate in the utilization of the remains.

Recently, there has been an increase in the number of activities known as “placemaking”. Placemaking has been pioneered in the United States, and the “Do It Yourself Checklist” evaluation items proposed by PPS (Project for Public Spaces), a NPO based in NY, are widely recognized. No existing studies have evaluated spaces using the “Do It Yourself Checklist”. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to confirm the effectiveness of this item as a tool for space evaluation in Japanese public spaces. As a result of the study, some items were not validated as spatial assessment items in Japanese cities.

This study is aimed to analyze the concentration and classification of high-tech industries in China National High-Tech Industrial Development Zones. Following are the results of the spatial autocorrelations analysis based on the POI data of Gaode Map. Changes in enterprise density were observed at distances of 3 km and 9 km from the boundaries of the core zones in the 10 selected academic cities and the causes are analyzed. The most common agglomeration patterns and characteristics of concentration in each high-tech industry are identified. And the agglomeration tendency strength of various 7 industries is determined.

In this study, the quantitative number of people who relocated grasp by using their residence information and long-term care services usage stored in long-term care insurance receipts data. And changes in the residential environment before and after relocation were captured. The number of people who relocated was 21.3% of the total. The number of relocations observed was up to 4 times. There are people who relocated multiple times while continuously using home-based services. An analysis of distances between address before and after relocation revealed that over 60% of respondents relocated within a distance comparable to a junior high school district.

Surveys to super-high-rise condominium residents living in the 5th district of the central Tokyo metropolitan area have revealed the following: 1) they live in the city center because their jobs are in the city center, they want an urban lifestyle, they do not want to lower their property values, and they live in the city center for their children’s education. 2) About 20% of them are forced to live in urban centers because of their jobs. 3) it is necessary for them to respond to disasters, develop appropriate management plans, and form a community of residents, etc.

In the construction industry, the development of robot technology is essential to improve productivity and secure the labor force. In this study, a system to control the E-axis was constructed for a 7-axis articulated robot that can work in confined spaces with movements like those of a human arm and avoiding obstacles. This system is solved by constructing an algorithm, so the derivation basis is clear. We were able to obtain appropriate joint angles in going around to the back side without colliding with the set processing target.

This study examined housing construction projects by the Housing Corporation, Tokyo branch. An analysis of the Sasaki-ke documents revealed the following: (1) Most housing built by the Tokyo branch was supplied to military-related organizations and munitions factories. There were cases of concentrated housing supplies in areas surrounding the factories of some large companies and cases where a single residential area was formed by some companies, (2) As the war progressed, it caused deterioration of the living environment, including an increase in housing density and a decline in the availability of welfare facilities.

This report traces the history of mountain huts throughout Japan during and after World War II, using the “Yama Nikki” which contains information on mountain huts throughout Japan. In this way, we were able to create a database that allows us to reference the names, locations, construction and renovation dates, and elevations of mountain huts throughout Japan, while maintaining continuity with the prewar editions. The database also revealed that the construction of mountain huts was concentrated in the 1950s and early 1960s, and that the increase or decrease in the number of huts differed in each mountain range.

The purpose of this paper is to clarify the relationship between tea ceremony room in Kezo-ji Temple in Matsue City, Shimane Prefecture, and the “Fumai-ryu” school of tea ceremony rooted in Matsue City, using two perspectives: analysis of the process of establishment, and comparative analysis of size systems. In conclusion, it was not clear that the Kezo-ji tea ceremony room was created by Fumai. However, we found that it is deeply related to the tea house by Fumai, and there is no doubt that it is a space for Fumai’s use.

This report clarified the rights and uses of riverbanks (east side of street) along Kami-Ōkawamae-Dōri in the port town Niigata early in the Meiji era by analyzing old documents, and an old photograph. In 1869, on riverbanks along Kami-Ōkawamae-Dōri, timber was piled up, and storehouses and ancillary buildings were built, besides, “96 mon” was paid per tsubo on the riverbanks, and “chikenjou” was issued by the town official. In 1873, the riverbanks were included in the site on the west side of Kami-Ōkawamae-Dōri. In 1886, large storehouses were lined up along Kami-Ōkawamae-Dōri on the riverbanks (from Ichibancho to Rokubancho).

This paper elucidates the origin, content, and usefulness of the List of Za-yuan. The list was created against two institutional backgrounds. It has a historical character as a government register of household registration management. The list contains credible information on the names, locations, ownership, and residences of za-yuan in the entire Qingdao area. Based on the list, the important information of za-yuan listed above can be analyzed. Furthermore, the architectural form of za-yuan can also be explored by cross-checking with other historical documents like Urban Construction Archives.

The purpose of this study is to propose a method to record variable objects such as the “Mirei Shigemori’s Birthplace”. There was the house where the gardener Mirei was born, a teahouse and garden designed by him. However, the house has already been demolished, the teahouse has been moved, and trees in the garden has died. In this study, the existing garden and teahouse records as a 3D model by photogrammetry. The other buildings are virtually restored by 3D modeling. By combining them, the landscape can be restored as it was when he created the garden.

In 2018, the Flanders Architecture Archives (Architectuurarchief Vlaanderen) was established in the Flanders Architecture Institute (Vlaams Architectuurinstituut/ VAi) by integrating the Architectural Archives of Province of Antwerp (Architectuurarchief van de Provincie Antwerpen/ APA) into the Center for Flemish Architectural Archive (Centrum Vlaamse Architectuurarchieven/ CVAa) of VAi. Based on visits to and interviews in the archives, this report introduces its broader activities in the wide range of environmental design, promoting various projects involving the public and actors in and out of the field by the merger of the collection of APA and the knowledge center role of CVAa.

This study proposes an optimization method based on qualitative scores, specifically focusing on the similarity to nature-like features. The key to the proposed method is the utilization of a deep neural network trained for classifying depth images of objects, including natural objects. An evolutionary algorithm is employed to explore the parameters of a generative algorithm to minimize the loss. A test themed on “Komorebi-like-design" demonstrated a strong correlation between the losses and the results of a paired comparison method experiment using images generated by the proposed method.

In recent years, sensors have been installed in buildings for various purposes to record building conditions. In this research, the objective is to clarify the possibility of linking building information with sensor information and future issues. For this purpose, we focused on BIM data, which enables systematic digital description of building information, and conducted prototyping for describing and linking information between the building to be measured and the MEMS accelerometer. The target building was a two-story wooden detached house, and the BIM data was described in IFC format.

The following are the characteristics of the teaching materials improved in this study. 1. The improved of the teaching materials was carried out in collaboration between the fields of architecture and education. 2. The materials can incorporate experiential learning, enabling students to understand the mechanisms of buildings and the principles of their structures through hands-on experience. 3. The materials can be used not only for construction and structure of buildings, but also for learning about traditions and residential culture in a cross-sectional manner. 4. The product can be assembled and disassembled, making it easy to transport and store.

This paper presents a new feedback method for architectural design education that introduces 2D mapping of evaluation data expressed by the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP). This method combines machine learning techniques to visualize a set of AHP data as a scatter plot in a 2D space, providing a representation of the similarity between different evaluations. This paper further reports the results of implementing the method in an architectural design studio and found that the mapping was consistent with the students’ intuitive understanding of design evaluations. Furthermore, the students were also able to reflect on their design process by reviewing the 2D mapping result.

In this study, we examine the potential use of image generative AI in architectural design education. University students used it to output floor plans or photographs/images. They then evaluated the output images during the steps of case study collection, floor plan planning, and presentation. They found that photographs/images are output more often than floor plans. When the image that was imagined was output by it, there was a tendency that new ideas were obtained. As the work progressed, the input words moved from architectural styles to words of the elements of architectural rooms and spaces.

Japan is a country prone to frequent natural disasters. When a disaster strikes, anyone, regardless of nationality, can potentially become a victim. Understanding the realities faced by international residents during such times is crucial in implementing effective support measures for them. In this study, we conducted an online questionnaire survey targeting international students from a university in Yokohama who experienced an earthquake in Chiba in 2021. Our objective was to quantitatively assess the challenges, evacuation behaviors, and information-seeking habits during disasters.

The authors are continuing literature surveys on damaging earthquakes affected to the Kinki district and in the previous paper, the 1899 Kii-Yamato earthquake was picked up. This earthquake had rather deep focal depth and moderate damage in wider areas of Kinki district was pointed out. In this paper, the same type 1952 Yoshino earthquake was focused. Detailed damage was elucidated from the reports and newspaper articles at that time. These data were sorted by municipalities in table and mapped. Building damage were limited but many human casualties were found in wide area and their causes were also discussed.

In order to verify the disaster awareness and disaster responses of employees worked at elderly welfare facilities, questionnaire survey was conducted for all staff at 39 facilities in the Tokyo metropolitan area. Based on the results focused on the evacuation for the elderly, especially the physically-challenged individual, the employees expressed anxiety about the shortage of staff when the disasters happened on their night shift. Meanwhile, it is also concerned about the orientation disorder due to dementia for the older plays a negative part when disasters strike. Issues related to the disaster response for those facilities were identified.