Purpose: Although the number of surgeries performed for pulmonary metastasis of head and neck cancer has been increasing, there have been few reports of the surgical effectiveness. We collected the data of surgeries performed in our facility in order to discuss the surgical performance and indication.

Methods: We retrospectively examined the prognosis and predictors for 58 patients with pulmonary metastasis of head and neck cancer who underwent a surgery in our facility during the 15-year period, from January 2000 to December 2015.

Results: The 3-year and 5-year survival rates were 54.2% and 35.7%, respectively, and the median survival time was 42.2 months. The disease-free interval (DFI) was less than 24 months and patients with oral cavity cancer were poor prognostic factors.

Conclusion: The effectiveness of surgical treatment for pulmonary metastasis of head and neck cancer was suggested.

Pectus excavatum (PE) is the most common congenital chest wall deformity, but little is known about the influence of the Nuss surgical procedure on mental health of patients with PE. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the influence of the PE Nuss surgical procedure on mental health in Chinese patients and identify the predictors of psychological status for PE. Patients with PE (n = 266) underwent a standard surgical procedure by the same surgeon and did the Symptom Checklist 90 (SCL-90) and the Self-rating Depression Scale (SDS) questionnaires before and 1 year after surgery. Additionally, platelet reactivity of postoperative PE patients was assessed. We found that PE patients after surgery performed better in the questionnaires and the frequency of mental health problems in the patients was lower than before. Most significantly, four mental disorders were alleviated after surgery, namely somatization, interpersonal sensitivity, depression, and anxiety. What is more, age, suffering year, and platelet aggregation responses to serotonin and epinephrine of PE patients partially were involved with the postoperative alleviation of mental disorders. In conclusion, the mental health level of PE patients could be effectively improved via the Nuss surgical procedure, and the earlier surgery might turn out better.

Purpose: The objective is to demonstrate the clinicopathological characteristics of patients with unexpected node-positive lung adenocarcinoma and to analyze predictive factors of unexpected disease.

Methods: We reviewed 225 patients with lung adenocarcinoma who underwent curative-intent operation between January 2008 and December 2014. Unexpected node-positive diseases were defined as cases with hilar or mediastinal lymph nodes metastasis in spite of both negative significant enlargement of lymph nodes on preoperative chest computed tomography (CT) and negative fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) uptake in lymph nodes on preoperative positron emission tomography (PET)/CT. We retrospectively analyzed clinical features of these patients and evaluated associated factors for unexpected diseases.

Results: There were 41 patients (18%) with unexpected node-positive disease, consisting of 16 (39%) unexpected pN1 and 25 (61%) unexpected pN2 diseases. The most common predominant subtype was papillary (22 patients; 54%), and 17 patients (41%) had micropapillary component in the tumors. Younger age (p <0.01), left side (p <0.01), larger tumor size (p <0.01), and having a micropapillary component (p <0.01) were significant associated factors of unexpected diseases in multivariate analysis.

Conclusion: Histological findings of the primary tumor are often important because they can provide predictive information for lymph nodes status. Having a micropapillary component was one of the significant predictors of unexpected node-positive diseases.

Purpose: Cardiac surgery in octogenarians with severely deteriorated functional status is increasingly common, but outcome data are still limited. The aim of this study was to compare postoperative outcome, survival, and quality of life of low-, medium-, and high-risk octogenarians undergoing cardiac surgery.

Methods: In all, 285 Czech octogenarians who underwent any cardiac surgical procedure between January 2011 and December 2012 were included in the study. Five out of all twelve national adult cardiac surgical centers participated in the study, representing almost half of all octogenarians operated in our country in that period. Patients’ perioperative data were analyzed retrospectively. Follow-up was performed by interviewing patients by telephone.

Results: There was higher 30-day mortality (20% vs. 6.4% vs. 5.2%, respectively, p <0.001), lower 2-year survival (60% vs. 84.0% vs. 85.4%, respectively, p <0.05), and lower Karnofsky score (44.4 vs. 70.1 vs. 70.6, respectively, p <0.001) in high-risk group compared with medium- and low-risk groups, respectively. Greater improvement in New York Heart Association (NYHA) status was noted in high- and medium-risk groups compared with low-risk group (51% vs. 45% vs. 24%, respectively, p <0.05).

Conclusion: High perioperative mortality, poor 2-year survival, and low postoperative quality of life have been observed in high-risk octogenarians undergoing cardiac surgery.

Introduction: In contrast to skin cancer and lymphoproliferative disorders, de-novo lung allograft cancer is seldom reported after lung transplantation.

Case Report: A 19-year-old patient with severe pulmonary hypertension listed urgently for lung transplantation underwent successful bilateral lung transplant procedure receiving lungs from a 55-year-old donor with a smoking history of 30 pack years. After 3.5 years of lung transplantation, a locally advanced squamous cell carcinoma in the left lung allograft was diagnosed. Extended (intra-pericardial) left pneumonectomy was successfully performed, but the patient died a few weeks later due to acute respiratory distress syndrome.

Conclusion: Usage of extended criteria donors seems a successful strategy to overcome shortage of donor lungs by the increasing number of lung transplant candidates. However, this approach might increase the risk of novel development of lung allograft cancer, a potential fatal complication that must be considered during follow-up of lung transplant recipients.

A 56-year-old male who had received transcatheter coil deposition 10 years ago for an arteriovenous malformation (AVM) was admitted to our hospital because of persistent hemosputum. Chest radiograph and bronchoscopy revealed straightened coil bundles in his air way. Recently, less invasive transcatheter intervention has been performed more frequently for treatment of AVM than surgical resection. In our case, however, chest radiography and bronchoscopy showed that the coils might migrate from the deposited site to the airway. Then, right lower lobectomy was undertaken. In AVM patient who received coil deposition, a long-term follow-up is recommended, and surgical resection should be carried out if necessary.

Carney complex accounts for up to two-thirds of familial cardiac myxoma. It is a rare autosomal dominant syndrome, which is also characterized by multiple mucocutaneous lesions and endocrine tumors. We report on three first-degree relatives who underwent surgical resection at the same Australian tertiary institution. One patient re-presented with a recurrent tumor at an interval of 6 years. In this context, the role of interval surveillance, family screening, and genetic testing is explored. We recommend interval echocardiographic surveillance for affected individuals and first-degree relatives given the high risk of recurrence and the morbidity and mortality associated with cardiac tumors in any location.

We herein report a case in which thoracoscopic thymectomy with partial resection of the brachiocephalic vein was performed using a subxiphoid approach. We suggest the usefulness of the subxiphoid approach in thymectomy. We could extend the indications of thoracoscopic thymectomy for invasive tumors. Thoracoscopic thymectomy with the combined resection of part of the brachiocephalic vein was possible. The pathological diagnosis of the tumor was diffuse large cell B-cell lymphoma. Since the postoperative complications were minimal, postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy could be initiated without delay. This operation might be unnecessary. However, we could decrease the invasiveness of surgery using our procedures without sternotomy. Thoracoscopic thymectomy using subxiphid approach seems to be an ideal procedure for the surgical treatment of invasive lesions.