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Volume 39 (1998)
- Issue 4 Pages 363-
- Issue 3 Pages 267-
- Issue 2 Pages 179-
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Volume 39, Issue 2
Displaying 1-11 of 11 articles from this issue
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Nobuko Hirano, Sei Nakajima, Michio Kawano, Keiko Mitamura, Kyoko Kuni ...1998 Volume 39 Issue 2 Pages 179-192
Published: April 20, 1998
Released on J-STAGE: June 22, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSWe investigated the developmontal process of Japanese consonant articulation using a tongue in a normal child and in a child with cleft palate, to demonstrate development of articulation in a child with cleft palate.
We tape-recorded meaningful speech sounds of a normal child from the age of 1 year and 1 month to 9 years. Afterward, we reproduced and described them.
We then did the same for the child with cleft palate from the age of 1 year and 8 months to 6 years and 1 month.
By early childhood, she often articulated palatals in place of dentals or alveolars. In the process of developing consonalt articulation, she articulated glottal stops in place of some consonants.
For the child with cleft palate, we found the same tendencies as a result of analyzing development of consonant articulation.View full abstractDownload PDF (1081K) -
Masaki Nishio, Seiji Niimi1998 Volume 39 Issue 2 Pages 193-201
Published: April 20, 1998
Released on J-STAGE: June 22, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA survey was conducted on the diets of 35 dysphagic patients staying at home in comparison with the diets of healthy subjects. The following results were obtained: 1) The number of meals per day in two groups was not significantly different; 2) The duration of meals was significantly longer in the dysphagic group than in the control group ; 3) Although intake of many staple foods, main dishes, and secondary dishes was significantly lower in the dysphagic group than in the control group, there were no significant differences with respect to the intake of many desserts, beverages, and confectioneries between the groups ; 4) The dysphagic patients tended to consume foods that were easy to eat, and their favorite foods ; 5) The degree of satisfaction with dietary life was significantly lower in the dysphagic group than in the control group. In addition, body weight loss was noted in 82.9% in the dysphagic group, as compared with that before the onset of their diseases. Based on these findings, the management system for dysphagic patients staying at home was discussed.View full abstractDownload PDF (1186K) -
Keiko Okazaki, Fumiko Osawa, Masako Kato1998 Volume 39 Issue 2 Pages 202-209
Published: April 20, 1998
Released on J-STAGE: June 22, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThis study investigated differences in speech sound acquisition in terms of error patterns between children with cleft palate and normally developing children. A singleward articulation test was periodically administered through the speech acquisition period, from 2 to 6 years, to 20 cleft palate children. The children demonstrated no postoperative velopharyngeal insufficiency and acquired all Japanese speech sounds naturally. The same articulation test was also administered to a control group of 20 children in five age groups from 2 to 6 years. Both speech samples were then analyzed focusing on 14 phonolgical processes. The results were as follows. (1) Frequency of occurrence of the tested processes was higher in the children with celft palate but the suppression period of the processes was about the same, i. e. the 6-year-old level, in both groups. (2) Palatalization was the most common process in both groups, but the start of suppression of this process was delayed in the children with cleft palate. (3) Backing was seen only in the cleft children. (4) Stopping became frequent later in the cleft children than in noncleft children. From these results it was found that even children with repaired clefts who acquired all speech sounds without speech remediation appeared to be influenced by past and/or present structural deficits and showed slightly delayed or different articulation development from normal childern regarding phonological processes.View full abstractDownload PDF (873K) -
—Comparison with Visual and Auditory Method—Akira Uno, Masato Kaneko, Noriko Haruhara, Makiko Kaga1998 Volume 39 Issue 2 Pages 210-214
Published: April 20, 1998
Released on J-STAGE: June 22, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSWe compared training effects between visual and auditory methods on writing to dictation in a 15-year-old learning disabled child with a specific Kanji writing disorder. This experiment consists of two periods each consisting of two weeks. During the first period, we used the auditory method in the first week and the visual method in the second week. The same words were repeatedly trained throughout this period in both methods. Duing the second period, we used different words from those in the first period and the order of training methods were reversed in order to compare with the first period ; the visual method in the first week and the auditory method in the second week. As results, we observed (1) signifivcant increase of correct responses from the baselin in a short period, (2) significantly increase of correct responses on trained words than untrained words, (3) significantly more increase of correct responses with the auditory methods than with the visual method. It suggests that the auditory method functioned effectively to fascilitate the auditory route as a by-pass of visual route which is not functioning will in this learning disabled child because of his visual cognition disorder. This improvement can be viewed as is likely to a functional reorganization by Luria in terms of the improvement by the auditory method. This study is the first report to clarify the effects of the different methods on learning disabled child from the scientic data.View full abstractDownload PDF (562K) -
Makoto Iwata1998 Volume 39 Issue 2 Pages 215-220
Published: April 20, 1998
Released on J-STAGE: June 22, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSSeveral cortical areas of the left cerebral hemisphere other than the classical language areas, the Broca's and Wernicke's areas and the left angular gyrus, have recently been found to play an important role in the brain mechanism of human language. It has been generally assumed that the left basal temporal area stores lexicons and that the fiber tract from this area to the Wernicke's area through the subcortical white matter of the middle temporal gyrus realizes the naming process. Clinical studies on alexias and agraphias in the Japanese language have revealed an important role played by the left posterior inferior temporal region in the semantic reading process which is essential in kanji word reading. Recent PET-scan activation studies confirmed these findings and also revealed that the cortical area responsible for phonological reading is not the left angular gyrus as has been proposed in classical theories but the left lateral occipital area.View full abstractDownload PDF (5856K) -
Susan Miller1998 Volume 39 Issue 2 Pages 221-228
Published: April 20, 1998
Released on J-STAGE: June 22, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA crucial link exists between the otolaryngologist and speech-language pathologist. In the Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery at Georgetown University Medical Center, patients with head and neck cancer, vocal fold paralyses, and benign voice disorders are seen by otolaryngology and referred to speech pathology for evaluation. Baseline digital audio recordings of speech and videostroboscopic recordings of cord motion are obtained with aerodynamic, respiratory, acoustic, and spectrographic analysis as appropriate. Speech pathology counsels surgical patients regarding expected speech, swallowing, and voice alterations following surgery. These patients are observed during initial post-operative swallows and assigned oral-motor exercises to strengthen orofacial musculature. Patients with vocal fold paralyses and benign vocal lesions are seen by speech pathology of several sessions to teach compensatory cord adduction and improved vocal strategies. Speech pathologists arrange for patients who have undergone oral/laryngeal surgeries to provide psychosocial support to patients awaiting similar surgeries. The close relationship between otolaryngology and speech pathology provides the finest quality of care with the core of therapeutic education, support, and rehabilitation provided by speech pathology. Referral protocols, diagnostic assessments and treatment strategies for patients following laryngectomy, hemiglossectomy, supraglottic laryngectomy, vocal cord carcinoma, vocal cord paralyses, and benign vocal lesions will be discussed.View full abstractDownload PDF (3180K) -
[in Japanese]1998 Volume 39 Issue 2 Pages 229
Published: April 20, 1998
Released on J-STAGE: June 22, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (152K) -
Pursuit of a Comprehensive Language Intervention ProgramSubcommittee on Language Retardation1998 Volume 39 Issue 2 Pages 230-235
Published: April 20, 1998
Released on J-STAGE: June 22, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe Japan Logopedics and Phoniatrics Association Committee on Speech and Language, Subcommittee on Language Retardation was inaugurated in 1987. This article is a summary of the Subcommittee's activities over the last 10 years. Discussions include: 1 progress of activities, 2 introduction of the National Rehabilitation Center for the Disabled's ‹S-S Test› for language-retarded children and the intervention program based on the ‹S-S Method›, 3 theoretical background of this clinical approach, 4 some clinical findings on prognoses resulting from this language intervention program.View full abstractDownload PDF (668K) -
—Applications of Comprehensive Intervention Programs Based on Sign-Significate Relations Model—Tsuneo Satake1998 Volume 39 Issue 2 Pages 236-244
Published: April 20, 1998
Released on J-STAGE: June 22, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSWe, the subcommittee members, created the National Rehabilitation Center ‹S-S Test› for language retarded children with sign-significate relations in 1987, and subsequently developed comprehensive intervention programs. The developmental processes of two children with delayed language, who participated in comprehensive intervention programs based on the Sign-Significate Relations Model are reported. One was a 3-year-old languageless child with severe mental retardation who initially could not understand or speak any words, but after two years of comprehensive intervention became able to understand almost a hundred individual words (object names and some verbs) .
The other subject was a 4-year-old autistic child who could understand 3-word sentences but could not speak (severe expressive language delay) . After one year of training, he learned to speak fluently. The important points discussed are as follows:
1) improvement of assessment batteries and intervention programs for languageless childern
2) daily life structured programs for family members and care staff
3) acquisition model for expressive language including speech, gestures, figurative symbols and literacy
4) comprehensive intervention programs
5) Test of question-answer interaction development for evaluating ability of conversational behaviors.View full abstractDownload PDF (1065K) -
Naomi Iizuka, Tomiko Kodera, Shigeko Kurai, Masaki Hisano, Tsuneo Sata ...1998 Volume 39 Issue 2 Pages 245-253
Published: April 20, 1998
Released on J-STAGE: June 22, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSWe administered the“National Rehabilitation Center ‹S-S Test›, ”used as an index of language assessment and intervention for children with delayed language, to 336 normal preschool children from 1 to 6 years of age.
The results were as follows. (1) Children comprehended names of familiar objects and verbs at 18-24 months, 2-to 3-word chains at 24-30 months, functions of word order at 4 years and functions of the postpositional words“ga” and “wo” at 5-and-a-half. (2) Children uttered names of familiar objects at 18-24 months, verbs and 2-word chains at 24-30 months, and 3-word chains at 3-and-a half. (3) Developmental sequency of stages of sign-significate relations, assumed by the ‹S-S Test›, were confirmed in normal development. (4) Usefulne ss of baby talk and gesticulative signs in language intervention was suggested.View full abstractDownload PDF (1089K) -
Subcommittee on Language Retardation1998 Volume 39 Issue 2 Pages 254-258
Published: April 20, 1998
Released on J-STAGE: June 22, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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