To assess the efficacy and safety of selamectin topical formulation, clinical studies were conducted using 192 cats in total presented at veterinary clinics in Japan. In the studies, cats received a unit dose in the basis of 6 mg selamectin per kg of body weight. In this study, efficacy rates in elimination of flea infestation (percentages of infestation-negative animals) on Day 30 after the treatment were 57% (n=96) in the selamectin-treatment group, and 19% (n=27) in the fenthion-treatment group. By the subsequent monthly treatment for the purpose of prevention from new flea infestation, the prevention rates on Day 60 and 90 were 81% and 92% in the selamectin-treatment group, and 46% and 35% in the fenthion-treatment group, respectively. The efficacies in two groups were significantly different on each day. In the study on ear mites, the efficacy rate of treatment on Day 30 was 96.1% (n=51) in the selamectin-treatment group, and 37.5% (n=8) in the rotenone/areslin-treatment group. The efficacies in two groups were significantly different. No severe adverse events were observed in all cats examined. In conclusion, a topical unit dose in the basis of 6 mg selamectin per kg of body weight is effective and safe in the treatment of flea and ear mite infestations. The monthly application for 3 times prevented new flea infestation in more than 90% of cats.

View full abstract

A 8-year-old male mix cat presented with fever, lymphadenopathy, polyarthitis, scaly erythema and alopecia on the face, pinnae, and pads. Histopathological examination showed liquefaction and inflammation of mononuclear cells at the superficial dermis and periappendages. X-ray in the carpal and tarsal articulations revealed bone resorption. Blood test showed only leukocytosis. FeLV and FIV were negative, and the antinuclear antibody titer was not high. Urine test revealed no abnormality. Based on these findings, incomplete Systemic Lupus Erythematosus was suspected. Skin lesions were not improved with oral predonizolone 5 mg/kg BID, but responded well with oral triamcinolone 4 mg/kg BID.

View full abstract

A three-year-old spayed female Labrador Retriever presented with a history of nasal hyperkeratosis since 7-months-old. Similar clinical features were recognized in 3 of 9 littermates by the owner. Histopathologic examination revealed marked orthokeratosis and parakeratosis, large keratohyalin granules, vacuolar degeneration, and mainly mononuclear cells infiltration in the superficial dermis. In electron microscopic study, lipid droplet and irregular Odland body were observed. Based on these findings, this dog was diagnosed as having hereditary nasal hyperkeratosis. Topical therapy such as 0.005% calcipotriol (Dovonex) ointment, 0.0002% tacalcitol (Bonalfa) cream, and vaseline were tried, and each agent proved useful.

View full abstract

A seven month-old, female English Pointer presented with erythematous alopecia on the left forehead. The lesion had not improved with oral antibiotics, topical antifungal drug, topical ivermectin and oral prednisolone for 2 months. Then skin biopsy was performed, and the lesion was diagnosed as idiopathic sterile granuloma and pyogranuloma. Interestingly, the lesion showed spontaneous regression at 10 days after the biospy, and no relapse has occurred for 1 year.

View full abstract