Journal of the Textile Machinery Society of Japan

On Fuzz of Spun Yarns

Part 1: Effects of Structure of Spun Yarns on Their Fuzz

Kenji Tanaka

1966 Volume 12 Issue 4 Pages 147-155
Published: 1966
Released on J-STAGE: October 24, 2006

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.4188/jte1955.12.147

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The resistance of fibres to slippage out of spun yarns has an important bearing on the weavability of yarns, fuzzing and pilling.
In this study, the theoretical relation between this force and the geometrical build of yarns has been obtained and it has been ascertained that it has a high correlation with the experimental results on fuzz generation.

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Color Mixture in Woven Fabrics

Part 2: Relation between Optical Diffusibility and Deviation Coefficients

Tadasu Sanuki, Masayuki Naruse

1966 Volume 12 Issue 4 Pages 156-162
Published: 1966
Released on J-STAGE: October 24, 2006

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.4188/jte1955.12.156

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Part 1 reported on empirical formulas by which we can predict a mixed color from the chromaticity of the colors for mixing. Deviation coefficient F can be shown by this equation: F=mlog(S₁/S₂) Where S₁ and S₂ are the tristimulus values of each of two colors for mixing. Here is a report on the method of fixing proportional constant m in the foregoing equation.
(1) We define optical diffusibility D, which comprehensively shows the phase of the outermost layers of yarns, as follows: D=∫^i₂i₁B_i*d_i/∫^i₂i₁B₀*d_i where B_i* is normalized brightness on the surface of the materials used; and B₀* is normalized brightness on a perfectly diffused surface.
(2) The value of m can be instantly fixed by optical diffusibility D according to the way of color-mixing. Therefore, deviation coefficient F can be fixed by obtaining the ratio of S₁ to S₂.
(3) This Method can be applied only to materials of medium or high luminosity. It must be avoided if one or both materials are extremely low in luminosity.

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Measuring Fiber Fineness by Horizontal Air-Flow

Part 2: Measuring Apparatus and Results of Measurements

Minoru Uno, Akira Shiomi, Yoshiki Yanagawa

1966 Volume 12 Issue 4 Pages 163-168
Published: 1966
Released on J-STAGE: October 24, 2006

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.4188/jte1955.12.163

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An apparatus to measure fiber-fineness by horizontal air-flow has been devised. Several specimens were measured with this apparatus, and the results have been compared with theory.
The comparison has shown that:
(1) The apparatus can measure the weight-fineness of each single fiber, irrespective of the fiber-length or the kind of raw cotton used.
(2) Using the correction coefficient inherent in the apparatus brings an experimental value into good agreement with theory.
(3) The experimental error is about ±0.1 on micronaire reading for fineness below 4. For fineness above 4, the error is slightly larger.

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New Optical Method of Measuring the Hairiness of Yarns

Part 2: Examples of Evaluation

M. Kubota, S. Nishizawa, T. Hiramatsu

1966 Volume 12 Issue 4 Pages 169-174
Published: 1966
Released on J-STAGE: October 24, 2006

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.4188/jte1955.12.169

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Examples of evalutaion have been obtained by the new optical method described in the previous instalment.
1. Quantity of whole hairs. Both the quantity of reflected light and the number of ends of hairs have been shown.
2. Length of hairs The relation between the quantity or number and the length of hairs has been obtained accurately.
3. Hairiness of blended yarns The components of the hairs of a yarn in which two kinds of fibers are blended can, to some extent, be sorted.
4. Others Inter alia, the periodic irregularity of hair quantity along the yarn axis has been obtained.

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