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Volume 15, Issue 2
Displaying 1-4 of 4 articles from this issue
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Part 1: Essentials of the Mechanism of PillingYasushi Omura, Kazuo Wakayama, Tomoichi Inoue1969 Volume 15 Issue 2 Pages 45-53
Published: 1969
Released on J-STAGE: October 24, 2006
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSPilling on wool fibers is a serious defect not to be left unnoticed. We have investigated the behaviors of the formation and wearing off of pills on knit goods with the aid of a sponge- and-brush pilling tester.
(1) A distinct trait of pilling on wool fibers is that pills form rapidly and have a longer life than pills on other specimens (e.g., acrylic, cotton and their blends).
(2) The unit weight of pills fluctuates with the passing of abrasion time. It has a maximum weight point and increase gradually until it reaches that point.
(3) The unit weight of pills takes a maximum value when the speed of pill-formation in weight equals the speed of pill-wear off in weight. Until they are equal, the speed of pill-formation in weight exceeds the speed of wear off in weight and helps to increase the weight of pilling.
(4) The unit weight of pills is proportional to the amount of fuzz generated on knit goods.
(5) The maximum speed of pill-formation in weight arrives slightly later than the maximum amount of fuzz on knit goods.
(6) The amount of fuzz generated tends initially to increase sharply as a function of sponging time, then levels off as it approaches a nearly horizontal asymptote. Therefore, shearing fuzz in the early stage of abrasion is an efficacious method of pilling control.View full abstractDownload PDF (1400K) -
Part 1: Its Performance Compared with Conventional Model.Shigeru Nishikawa, Tatsuya Kawakami1969 Volume 15 Issue 2 Pages 54-57
Published: 1969
Released on J-STAGE: October 24, 2006
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe lower surface of the cylinder of a conventional carding machine is not used for carding. The laps of synthetic fibers fed to a carding machine need no cleaning. Therefore, the surroundings around the taker-in part can be simplified and the lower surface of the cylinder may be used effectively.
We have developed a dual-roller carding machine which uses its surface as one of the carding zones to double the production rate for chemical fibers. It has a feed roller, a doffer, two pairs of worker and stripper systems on the upper surface of the cylinder -and a duplication of them on the lower surface.
The dual-roller carding machine, intended as an experimental model, has been compared with the conventional model in performance under the same conditions. No difference has been found between the two in the amount of fibers deposited in a unit area of the cylinder or in the quality of slivers. This seems to show that each carding zone does the work of a conventional carding machine.
It is believed to be possible, then, to double production by the dual-roller carding machine with no negative effects on the quality of slivers.View full abstractDownload PDF (660K) -
Takashi Morikawa, Tatsuo Horiuchi1969 Volume 15 Issue 2 Pages 58-66
Published: 1969
Released on J-STAGE: October 24, 2006
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSYarns produced by Japanese Open-end BD-200 spinning machines give these major advantages:
(1) They are somewhat stronger than yarns spun by Czecho BD-200's.
(2) They are almost as strong as yarns spun by ring spinning machines. This strength is obtainable without raising the cost of raw cotton if the right fore-spinning processes and spinning conditions are used.
(3) They have maximum strength if the coefficient of twists is about 5.5 to 6.0.
(4) In evenness they almost equal combed yarns.
(5) They are high in bulkiness, abrasion resistance and dyeability because they are of a single helical structures.
(6) The number of end breaks during warping and weaving is 50-100% smaller than for ring-spun yarns.
(7) They can be made good enough to replace ring-spun yarns in final products with slight care in processing.
(8) They can be made into a wide variety of final products which require a good appearance, thickness, stiffness and harshness.View full abstractDownload PDF (2782K) -
Part 2; Measuring Self-expanding and -contracting MovementsTakashi Murakami, Shigeru Aonuma, Toshikazu Kobayashi1969 Volume 15 Issue 2 Pages 67-78
Published: 1969
Released on J-STAGE: October 24, 2006
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe control mechanism of the electronic universal testing machine to measure the minute expanding and contracting loads or extensions of materials such as “mechano-chemical system” varies with some physio-chemical treatments.
1) When a self-expansion or -contraction is interposed as a disturbance of this control system under a load input type, the self-expanding and -contracting deformations of test pieces can be tested accurately with this tester.
2) Under an extension input, the self-expanding and -contracting loads of test pieces can be tested precisely.
3) Our experimental results show that the transfer function of a “mechano-chemical system” expanding or contracting with fluctuations in pH or in the temperature of a soap solution is obtainable thus: GMP(s)=Kph/(TPrs+1)(TDcS+1)_??_Kph/(TPrs+1) where TPr: time constant of permeability TDc: time constant of dissociation GMH(S)=KHe/(Tcos+1)(TMes+1) where TCo: time constant of heat transmission TMc: time constant of molecular movement
4) Test results show that a “mechano-chemical system” is quite adequate as a transducer to convert the density of a solution (in this case pH) into an extension or electric voltage.View full abstractDownload PDF (1305K)
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