An apparatus to measure reciprocating friction has been developed, with which the frictional behaviors of yarns on a cylinder observed.
Furthermore, the effect of persistency on the measuring of friction, the relationship between frictional coefficient and the load or number of yarn, and the friction-lowering effect of waxing have been investigated with it.

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An attempt was made to convert the conventional sizing machine into a smaller-sized unit suitable mainly to yarn-dyed fabrics by simplifying the dryer and using a new type sizing liquor for warp sizing.
Results: We have succeeded in making a model warp sizer. Sizing by this machine goes through three stages: (1) applying sizing liquor (which contains starch granules) to the yarn; (2) gelatinizating starch on the yarn by steaming; and (3) drying. We name this sizing method “semi-dry sizing”.
We expect this method will come into wide use because it can be used not only for dyed yarns but also for yarns hitherto not sized by sheet-sizing, especially flutty yarns.

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The relationship between the geometrical structures of plain-woven filament fabrics and the directional effect of fabric-on-fabric static friction has been investigated with the following results:
(1) Frictional force F per unit area for every relative direction of rubbing is related to pressure N by the relation F=kNⁿ, where k and n are constants.
(2) The term “coefficient of the directional effect of fabric-on-fabric friction” is used here and given a quantitative significance by defining it as δ=(μ_ff; -μ_ww; )/(μ_ff; +μ_ww; ) where μ_ff; an μ_ww; are the friction coefficients of sliding, “filling-along-filling” and “warp-along-warp”. respectively. Their values δ, obtained from experimental results, show the same tendencies as those obtainable by cloth geometrical calculations.
(3) The structure of a high crown of warp or filling has marked influence upon the anisotropy of the friction of a given fabric.

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