Journal of the Textile Machinery Society of Japan

Influences of Fundamental Characteristics of Weft Yarns and Decatizing Treatment on Mechanical Properties of Silk Necktie Fabrics

Yutaka Kawahara, Masatoshi Shioya, Manabu Yoshino, Kaname Murai

1999 Volume 45 Issue 1 Pages 1-5
Published: 1999
Released on J-STAGE: October 24, 2006

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.4188/jte1955.45.1

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The influences of the fundamental characteristics of weft yarns and decatizing treatment on the mechanical properties of silk necktie fabrics were investigated. The silk necktie fabrics with 63 denier weft yarns (manufactured by twisting 3 silk yarns of 21 denier) in doubles showed higher values of the shear and bending rigidity as well as their hysteresis as compared with the fabrics with 126 denier weft yarns (manufactured by twisting 6 silk yarns of 21 denier) in singles. For the fabrics with methacrylamide grafted 126 denier weft yarns, the shear rigidity and its hysteresis decreased, but the bending rigidity of satin fabrics increased. The decatizing treatment was effective to reduce the shear rigidity and its hysteresis.

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Effect of Yarn Cross Section on Air Drag for Spandex Yarn

Kiyoshi Hatta, Toshiyasu Kinari, Sukenori Shintaku, Nobuo Iwaki

1999 Volume 45 Issue 1 Pages 6-12
Published: 1999
Released on J-STAGE: October 24, 2006

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.4188/jte1955.45.6

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The effect of yarn cross section on the air drag coefficient and the characteristic length is examined for spandex yarn with non-circular cross section.
Methods for estimating the air drag of spandex yarns in axisymmetric air flow are investigated. Results obtained are as follows:
1) Although the drag coefficient for thin yarns is similar to that of a cylinder, the air drag coefficient of spandex yarn shows similarity to that of a flat plate because of remarkable irregularities in its cross section.
2) The drag coefficient for a fixed- end yarn is the same as that for a flat plate. The drag coefficient for a free- end yarn is twice that of the fixed- end yarn. This value is useful in calculating yarn air drag.
3) It is efficient and reasonable to use the effective diameter converted from the yarn perimeter length-without any consideration to its irregularity-as the characteristic length of the spandex yarn.

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Model Experiment on Interlaced Yarn

Part 3: Development of a New Interlacing Process without Conventional Interlacers

Shigeomi Chono, Yoshiyuki Iemoto, Wookwan Han

1999 Volume 45 Issue 1 Pages 13-18
Published: 1999
Released on J-STAGE: October 24, 2006

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.4188/jte1955.45.13

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We have developed an apparatus with which a yarn can be intermittently exposed to an air jet in the yarn axial direction. An attempt is made by using this apparatus in place of conventional interlacers to produce interlaced yarns with various numbers of tangles under conditions that air pressure, yarn speed, feed ratio and nozzle height are constant. Intermittent blowings of air jets onto a yarn are enough to produce interlaced yarns, and conventional interlacers are not always necessary. With increasing the frequency of blowings, the number of tangles increases linearly in the range of the lower frequency of blowings, stays constant in the middle range and decreases linearly in the higher range. The maximum of the number of tangles is 46/m in this experiment. Up to this value, the number of tangles can be controlled by the frequency of blowings independently of the air pressure, the yarn speed, the feed ratio and the nozzle height. The production probability of many tangling parts takes 150% in this experiment for small values of the frequency of blowings. As the frequency of blowings increases, the production probability of many tangling parts decreases rapidly because of the effects of both the mutual interference and the period of air jet blowings.

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Model Experiment on Interlaced Yarn

Characteristics of a New Interlacing Process without Conventional Interlacers

Shigeomi Chono, Yoshiyuki Iemoto, Wookwan Han

1999 Volume 45 Issue 1 Pages 19-24
Published: 1999
Released on J-STAGE: October 24, 2006

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.4188/jte1955.45.19

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Using an apparatus with which a yarn can be intermittently exposed to an air jet in its axial direction, we have elucidated the effects of various process conditions, such as the air pressure, the yarn speed (the number of rotations of a disk), the feed ratio, the nozzle height, the nozzle diameter and the frequency of blowings, on the number of tangles and the yarn tension, and investigated the process characteristics of this apparatus. The maximum number of tangles obtained in the present apparatus is 77/m, which confirms by comparison to the result obtained with a conventional interlacer that the present apparatus can be put to practical use.

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