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Volume 25, Issue 3
Displaying 1-3 of 3 articles from this issue
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Numerical Perturbation Method for the Maxwell ModelKiyoji Nakamura, Takuji Higashi, Akira Horikawa1979 Volume 25 Issue 3 Pages 61-67
Published: 1979
Released on J-STAGE: October 24, 2006
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe elastic influence of a viscoelastic liquid on the three-dimensional axisymmetric slow flow into a capillary was numerically investigated for the Maxwell model by the perturbation method. Comparing the behaviour of the three-dimensional axisymmetric flow with that of the two-dimensional plane one, it was confirmed that there was a large difference between their values of Weissenberg number at which the viscoelastic effect on flow began to appear. In addition, differences in shear and normal stress of three-dimensional axisymmetric flow were studied and compared with those of two-dimensional ones.View full abstractDownload PDF (682K) -
J.W.S. Hearle, T. Sakai1979 Volume 25 Issue 3 Pages 68-72
Published: 1979
Released on J-STAGE: October 24, 2006
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe theory of mechanics of twisted homogeneous filament yarns is extended in terms of fibre angles to the yarn axis. Firstly, the axial strain of an element in a yarn is generally considered in the three dimensional analysis. The axial stress of the element is then examined in terms of each element angle to the axis. From these analyses on, the yarn stress can be discussed as a function of the filament angles to the yarn axis as well as the distribution function for the angles and the filament stress according to the strain. Secondly, in order to confirm the possibility that a yarn stress-strain curve can be computed by knowing the distribution for the angles, some simple mathematical models are applied as general distribution functions for the filament angles in a yarn.
Practical yarns are then discussed. As a case study, the prediction of the stress-strain curve of a randomly interlaced yarn, with a filament angle served by the Normal Distribution, is carried out. The theory and computer programs developed here can be used not only to compute but also to predict the stress-strain curve of each particular structure of homogeneous filamest yarns such as the single, the ply, or even the cabled yarn. Numerical and graphical outputs of estimated yarn stresses will be obtained by the input of some experimental data and assumed values.View full abstractDownload PDF (599K) -
Effects of Pump Pressure, Supplementary Air Flow and Water Surface TensionHiroshi Kise, Minoru Uno1979 Volume 25 Issue 3 Pages 73-78
Published: 1979
Released on J-STAGE: October 24, 2006
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSSeveral methods were devised to study the behavior of the intermittent water jet used in the water jet loom, and the effects of the pump pressure, the supplementary air flow along the jet-stream and the water surface tension on the transition of the jet flow pattern, the jet-head velocity and the break-up length are observed, where the break-up length is the distance from the nozzle to a point where the jetstream first breaks its continuity. The followings are the main results obtained:
(1) As the jet goes further from the nozzle, its flow pattern changes continuously from the smooth flow to the wavy flow and finally becomes the spray flow. There is a fist-like bump at the jet-head in the wavy flow.
(2) The higher the pump pressure, the faster the transition of the flow pattern and the faster the highest jet-head velocity, but the shorter the break-up length.
(3) The supplementary air flow retards the transition of the flow pattern and increases the breakup length.
(4) The lower the water surface tension, the longer the break-up length. But some surface active agents increase the water viscosity and lower the highest jet-head velocity.View full abstractDownload PDF (828K)
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