It has been desired that there is a close connection between geography and geographical education of high school from 1947. But in reality there is a gap between them, because it is hard to introduce results of geography which are required a special knowledge to understand into high school geographical studies and because there is not fully an understanding each other between geographers and geographical teachers of high school.
This reflects lectures of geography in university and geographical teaching in high school. That is, commonness and systematic geography are regarded as important in geography of university, while regional geography is important in geographical education of high school. But in junior high school, it needs to teach geography that commonness is regarded as important, because a few people are not taught geography after when they leave junior high school.
Then the auther taught junior high school students geography that commonness is regarded as important based on the regularity in distribution pattern of cities. In other words, the purpose of this class is to find a solution to a problem which the connection between geography and geographical education is not good. After this class, it was clarified to be able to understand commonness for junior high school students.
This teaching was based on central-place theory in geography. But the development of teaching materials as this paper would make the burden too heavy for only one teacher. Therefore, the auther think that it needs to organize the team which is consisted of geographers and geographical teachers of high school for the development of teaching materials.

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This study aims to present a model of regional study in the education of social studies at elementary or junior high school in using the relationship between microtopography, groundwater level and agricultural land use on the lower reaches of the Yahagi River which is draining into the Bay of Ise. At first the characteristics of agriculture engaged on the bay head area and it's neighborhood of alluvial plain were made clear for tarring out this purpose, that is, size and kinds of root crops were investigated.
Next, the height of ground water level was measured in using the boring stick along the lower basin of the Yahagi River.
Consequently it is found that a size of root crops cultivated in this area is limited because the crops are keeping with interval more than 30cm on groundwater level. Therefore, where groundwater level such as paddy fields of bay head area are very shallow, many paddy fields are reconstructed to vegetables field by banked soil brought from another areas.
Because urban population in Japan have been increasing rapidly during the last several decades with the industry development, demand of vegetables in urban areas have been also increasing enormously, Such agricultural phenomenon in this study area are a typical type of agriculture that have appeared to make an more advantage than rice agriculture.

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This paper aims at both showing the actual conditions and some of the characteristics of ‘muko-iri-marriage’ in Nekko village and probing the cause of this marriage.
According to the investigation, some facts have been clear. One-fourth of the whole houses in Nekko village are the houses where the son-in-low is, which is a rare case in the other villages in Ani-machi. Most of the women finding their husbands and living in thier houses are the eldest daughters. One of some reasons why a daughter makes a U-turn to her parents' house is to solve the problem of the inheritor. A custom like ‘muko-iri-marriage’ did not originally exist in this village, so most of the daughters who get married have never had the experience of ‘muko-iri-marriage’
On the other hand, some characteristics of ‘muko’, the son-in-low, are pointed out as follows. None of the sons-in-low is the eldest brother in their houses and they have many brothers, so they don't need to become heir to their parents. Kind of thier occupations has no causal relationship to ‘muko-iri-marriage’. Most of them were born in and around Nekko-village, but as the time has passed their birthplace has surely expanded. The man who is officially recogonized as a member of his wife's family becomes an heir apparent.
Some analyses of the factor of ‘Muko-iri-marriage’ at Nekko-village are mentioned as follows: Every woman finding her husband and living in her parents' house has a strong consciousness to succeed her home. This is proved by these two facts: The reason why a daughter makes a U-turn to her parents' house is to solve the problem of the inheritor. She dares to do ‘Muko-iri-marriage’, which has never seen in her family.
Some functional of Nekko-village itself are pointed out. In the point of the situation of the agricultural management, the cultivated acreage, the woodland acreage and the harvest of Nekko-village are bigger than those of the other villages in Ani-machi. Moreover, the number of farm houses at Nekko-village where they have paddies and fields and the number of the farmhouses where they have forests are both biggest in this area. More than a half of the houses which have taken the son-in-low possess more paddy fields than the agricultural management.
Historically, the fact that Nekko-village has been a ‘Matagi-village’ has the great significance to ‘Muko-iri-marriage’. The people in the ‘Matagi-village’ have been rich, and as they have peddled the medicine in some advanced countries they have had the wide knowledge of these countries, Furthermore, the people in Nekko-village have been much concerned with education, and as a result, many men who have had a good school education went out of this village. However, some women of this village who have a good school education make a U-turn to their hometown, and get married to the men who are from another countries. And the women have the consciousness that they should succeed and keep their home.

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In general developing country, it's considered that the growth of industry plays most important role on the national economy and go with the phenomenon of rapid urbanization which is usually caused by the removal of the labour from the rural region. However, in socialist China, the level of urbanization is still more low if compare with the industrial growth. This paper is to analyze the process of urban growth and the change of the urban hierarchy in connection with industrial allocation.
The results are to be summarized as follows:
1) By the open door policy propelled since 1978, the most noticeable characteristic of the natioanal economic development is that equilibrium diffusion of industry had been formed under the invesment of national public capital strongly influenced by the volition of the central government. Consequently, The industrial construction in inland has experienced more rapid growth than in coastal belt. As the same time, many large industrial city which is almost composed of mining and heavy industry appeared in inland, because of the rapid exploitation of resource and transfer of big enterprise from coastal belt under the reorgnaization of industrial allocation policy. However, in recent years, industralization and urbanization has occured more rapid in costal belt in relation with the international collaboration under the market-oriented economic policy.
2) According to the rank-size rule, the urban system shows a despersional pattern in whole China, such as India or U. S. or Russia which also has both of wide state and large population. But on the the provincial level, three different types so-called despersioal, and primate, and intermediate one can be found. Commonly the type of regional urban subsystem is from the connection with the connection with the maturity of industrial development and population. In fact, the relationship between urban industrial productive and urban population is very high. It means that reasonal size policy which to restrict in-imigration from rural region is still effective.
3) In the case study of Shanghai which is the primate city in China, we can find the industry has played most important role among all urban functions. However, the industrial facilities are so cluster that other urban functions are obstructeb usually, especially in the central urban zone. Moreover, the analysis about the relationship between Shanghai and peripheral cities in the viewpoint of industrial linkage will be waiting for next time.

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