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Volume 29 (1987)
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Volume 29, Issue 4
Displaying 1-15 of 15 articles from this issue
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-Attachment and Detachment of in vitro plaque-Yoshinori YAMAGUCHI1987 Volume 29 Issue 4 Pages 1043-1057
Published: December 28, 1987
Released on J-STAGE: August 25, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe purpose of this investigation was to clarify physicochemically plaque formation on ceramic implant materials. The effect of the wettability of the ceramic implant surface on plaque attachment and detachment, was examined in vitro.
Bacterial strains used were Streptococcus mutans 176, 175, K-1, 6715 and PK-1. The following test samples were used through put the study: single crystal alumina ceramic, polycrystalline alumina ceramic, stainless steel, TEFLON ® and glass. The experimental items consisted of cell, glucan and in vitro plaque attachment, and glucan and in vitro plaque detachment with sonication.
Results:
1. The contact angle of single crystal alumina ceramics was 29.8.. and of the polycrystalline type, 23.6... These are comparatively lower contact angles similar to that of glass.
2. No remarkable differences in attachment test results were observed among the materials.
3. Detachment tests with sonication with Alumina ceramic implants showed quick removability of glucan and in vitro plaque.View full abstractDownload PDF (1839K) -
Part I Clinical and Histopathological ObservationOkito HONGO, Yoshihiro FUJIYASU, Toshikazu SUGANO, Jun ISHIKAWA, Hiros ...1987 Volume 29 Issue 4 Pages 1058-1075
Published: December 28, 1987
Released on J-STAGE: November 29, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe present investigation was to examine the effect of root surface roughness on periodontal reattachment after flap operation.
Four adult monkeys (Macaca Irus) with normal dentition were employed and their 88 buccal root surface of posterior teeth were used.
Before flap operation, each monkeys received professional tooth cleaning in order to establish healthy periodontium.
Full thickness gingival flaps were raised and buccal alveolar bony plates over the roots were removed 2 mm horizontally and 3 mm vertically. Then all exposed cementum was removed and roots were throughlly planed untill they were felt smooth to an explorer. Among 88 roots, 44 were made rough with ultrasonic scaler and hand made tip (Rough group), and the rest were left as it is (Smooth group).
1, 2, 4, 8 weeks after surgery, the monkeys were sacrificed and examined histopathologically.
The results were as follows,
1. In the experimental period, there was no significant difference in clinical parameters (PL. I. G.I., Probing Depth, Probing Attachment Level) between two groups.
2. In the histpathological observation, there was no remarkable difference of epithelial migration between two groups. In both groups, new cementum formation was observed from 2 weeks after surgery. The cementum formation was thickest in the most apical portion, but in rough group, newlly formedcementum was observed not only in the most apical portion but also at a more coronal level in comparison to the smooth group. It was mainly located in the indentation of the rough surface and rough surface turned smooth. Bone regeneration was observed from 4 weeks after surgery and there was no obvious difference between two groups.View full abstractDownload PDF (10244K) -
Part II Histometrical MeasurmentOkito HONGO1987 Volume 29 Issue 4 Pages 1076-1083
Published: December 28, 1987
Released on J-STAGE: August 25, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe present investigation was to examine the effect of root surface roughness on periodontal reattachment after flap operation.
Four adult monkeys (Macaca Irus) with normal dentition were employed and their 88 buccal root surfaces of posterior teeth were used, and they were divided into Smooth and Rough group for flap operation.
1, 2, 4, 8 weeks after surgery, the monkeys were sacrificed and examined histometrically.
The results were as follows,
1. A greater tendency in the apical migration of epithelium was observed in smooth group comparison to rough group. Especially in samples 2 weeks after surgery showed significant difference.
2. New cementum formation was greater in rough group, in 2, 4, 8 weeks after surgery.
3. Functionally oriented fibrous attachment and bone regeneration were significantly greater in Rough group 4 weeks after surgery. But there was no significant difference between two groups, 8 weeks after surgery.
From the above findings, it may be suggested that during flap operation it is more advantageous to make root surface rough instead of smooth, to obtain a more coronal connective tissue attachment.View full abstractDownload PDF (927K) -
3. Analysis of T Cell SubsetsTetsuro KITAMURA, Sachiko MIYATAKE, Yoshitaka HARA, Katsumasa MAEDA, A ...1987 Volume 29 Issue 4 Pages 1084-1093
Published: December 28, 1987
Released on J-STAGE: November 29, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe aim of this study was to investigate the movement of T cells, including T cell subsets, and antigen presenting cells of Langerhans cells (LCs) and macrophages associated with the severity of chronic marginal periodontitis.
Specimens of gingiva from 35 lesions taken from 32 patients with periodontitis and subjects affected by gingivitis were obtained. Monoclonal antibodies specific for B cells, T cells, T helper/inducer cells (TH/I), T suppressor/cytotoxic cells (Ts/c), LCs and macrophages were prepared as primary antibodies. Avidine-biotinylated peroxidase complex (ABC) technique was for identifying each immune cell population. After immunohistological staining, those specimens were placed into three groups according to degree of the inflammatory cell infiltration. The cell numbers of each population were counted, and the ratios of those cells to the total numbers of infiltrating cells were determined, in the case of LCs the ratio of LCs to the total number of epithelial cells. The results obtained were as follows.
T cells were scattered or small-clustered in connective tissue subjacent to the epithelium. According to the severity of inflammation, the ratio of T cells was decreased, conversely those of B cells, LCs and macrophages were increased. Further the ratio of Ts/c was significantly lower in inflammatory lesion and in consequence the ratio of TH/I to Ts/c was elevated than that in control. The number of LCs was increased in severly inflamed lesions and the ratio of LCs correlated with those of the T cell and each T cell subset.
These results suggested the possibility of an alteration to the regulation of immune response and a re-ciprocal relationship between T cells and antigenpresenting cells of LCs and macrophages in advancedView full abstractDownload PDF (4632K) -
-Purification and Properties of Cathepsins D and E from Human Polymorphonuclear Leucocytes-Kazushi KUNIMATSU, Kenji YAMAMOTO, Eiji ICHIMARU, Yuzo KATO, Ihachi KA ...1987 Volume 29 Issue 4 Pages 1094-1101
Published: December 28, 1987
Released on J-STAGE: August 25, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAn important feature in the pathogenesis of periodontal diseases is the breakdown of periodontal tissues. Several lines of evidence indicate that this periodontal breakdown is due mainly to lysosomal proteinases in gingival crevicular fluid, most of which are probably from polymorphonuclear leucocytes being abundantly present in periodontal pockets. The precise roles of these enzymes in the development of periodontal disease, however, remain to be answered. Some insight into this question may be obtained by studying the identification and quantitative analysis of these enzymes in gingival crevicular fluid.
With this in mind, we have focused on possible roles of lysosomal aspartic proteinases in the periodontal breakdown. For enzyme immunoassay we purified two main aspartic proteinases, cathepsins D and E, from human polymorphonuclear leucocytes by a simple method involving chromatography on Pepstatin-Sepharose 4B, DEAE-Sephacel and Sephadex G-100. The purified cathepsin D represented about a 7, 000-fold purification over the leucocyte extract and about a 20% recovery, whereas the purified cathepsin E represented about a 23, 000-fold purification and about a 10% recovery. The molecular weights of cathepsins D and E were estimated to be 45, 000 and 90, 000, respectively, by gel filtration on Sephadex G-100. Both enzymes hydrolyzed hemoglobin preferentially with an optimum pH of 3.0. `3.5. They were strongly in-hibited by Pepstatin, diazoacetyl-DL-norleucine methylester (DAN) and 1, 2-epoxy-3 (p-nitrophenoxy) propane (EPNP). Both enzymes were also inhibited by Cu2+, Pb2+, Fe3+ and p-chloromercuribenzoic acid. The inhibition profiles of the two enzymes by DAN and EPNP as functions of concentration and reaction time were compared.View full abstractDownload PDF (853K) -
-Application of Immunoelectron Microscopic Method and Comparative Study on Each Cells of Stratified Squamous Epithelium-Seiji WADA, Toshiyuki TANAKA, Koji YOSHIDA, Hajime TORADA, Kenichi UOB ...1987 Volume 29 Issue 4 Pages 1102-1110
Published: December 28, 1987
Released on J-STAGE: August 25, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn order to elucidate membrane structure of dog gingival epithelium, we observed immunoelectron microscopically the location of epitope to monoclonal antibody D1 (MoAb D1) which reacts the membrane of dog gingival epithelium.
Using indirect immunoperoxidase method to frozen section, MoAb Dl reacted strongly on the membrane of spinous cells, but negative reaction was seen on the membrane of horny cells and the membrane at basal lamina side of basal cell.
The attachment plaque of desmosome and the membrane of gingival epithelium were positive, but organelle of plasm negative.
The same results seen in the tissue sections is the same us those in single cells of the epithelium. So epitope of MoAb D1 is the substance constituting of the membrane, and the membrane of gingival epithelium is suggested to change by cell differentiation.View full abstractDownload PDF (4051K) -
Akio TANAKA, Koji YOSHIDA, Toshiyuki TANAKA, Masahiro TSUTSUI, Yoshino ...1987 Volume 29 Issue 4 Pages 1111-1120
Published: December 28, 1987
Released on J-STAGE: November 29, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSGingivae from patients affected with gingival fibromatosis were observed ultrastructurally to elucidate its structure. Papillary and marginal gingivae of 2 3 2 3 from 3 male patients were fixed in a mixture of 2.5% glutaraldehyde and 2% paraformaldehyde, washed in a buffer, and fixed in 1% osmium tetroxide. After that, electron microscopic specimens were prepared. Consequently, melanocytes are present in the basal cell layer and melanosomes in keratinocytes, macrophages and fibroblasts. Some fibroblasts have cilia or collagen-containing phagosomes. In addition, fibrous long spacing (FLS) fibers appeared near the fibroblasts. Therefore, it is suggested that the remodeling of the gingival connective tissue in gingival fibromatosis should be promoted.View full abstractDownload PDF (7045K) -
Toshiro KODAMA, Masato MINABE, Tatsuji KOGOU, Toshiyuki TAMURA, Osamu ...1987 Volume 29 Issue 4 Pages 1121-1131
Published: December 28, 1987
Released on J-STAGE: November 29, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSCollagen membrane preparations were manufactured with the aim of enhancing would healing following periodontal surgery, and their effects on the process of would healing were studied by experiments. After cross-linking by various processing methods (with ultraviolet and hexamethylenediisocyanate) and to various extents, two types of collagen (atelocollagen and tendoncollagen) were implanted into the site of dissection of the palatal gingival tissue followed by planing of the root surface at the maxillary first molar region. The time course of healing responses was histopathologically investigated. Collagen implantation was found to inhibit apical migration of the junctional epithelium and accelerate fibrous connective tissue attachment to the root surface. Cross-linked atelocollagen was superior inbiocompatibility to the others and most prominently inhibited apical migration of the junctional epithelium.View full abstractDownload PDF (2503K) -
Ryoh YOSHIKAWA, Akemi HAYASHI, Kazuhiro OKUDA, Kohji HARA1987 Volume 29 Issue 4 Pages 1132-1144
Published: December 28, 1987
Released on J-STAGE: August 25, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSPulpal pathosis is commonly said to be associated with the progression of periodontal diseases.
The purpose of this study is to examine and compare the bacterial flora in the root canal to the one in the periodontal pocket.
Teeth showing no caries, and clinically non-vitality were used. After clinical and radiographic examination, the contents from both the root canal and the periodontal pocket were sampled. They were then observed under differential interference microscopy and cultured anaerobically for identification . Bacterial growth was observed in 6 cases out of 7 root canals and their CFU ranged from 104 to 108 in total.
A large predominance of obligate anaerobes, rating 93.7% was observed, when compared to the facultative anaerobes. Streptococcus, Peptostreptococcus and Bacteroides, also found in the sample from both root canals and periodontal pockets, were the most frequently isolated species.
The results of differential interference microscopy and anaerobic culture largely varied between a root canal sample to another.View full abstractDownload PDF (1426K) -
Kaoru YAMASHITA, Kehichi SATO, Tomoko YAMASHITA, Hiromasa YOSHIE, Kohj ...1987 Volume 29 Issue 4 Pages 1145-1151
Published: December 28, 1987
Released on J-STAGE: August 25, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe purpose of the present study was to investigate the response of inflamed rat gingiva to passive immunization with anti-plaque antibodies. Thirty 3-month-old rats were divided into 3 groups, immunized (n=10), sham-immunized (n=10), and control (n= 10), and were fed keyes 2000 diet until 6 months of age. In the immunized and sham-immunized groups, anti-plaque antibodies and sham-antibodies were administered intravenously via the tail vein for 5 consecutive days prior to the day of sacrifice. The control group received phosphate-buffered-saline (PBS) in a equal amount. At 3 and 6 months of age, blood was collected. Serum IgG was quantitatively determined by single radial immunodiffusion (SRID) ; and the serum IgG anti-plaque antibody by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN leukocytes) and mononuclear cells (MN cells) in the interproximal gingival epithelium and in the subepithelial connective tissue from the first to third molars were counted microscopically and the cell-infiltrated areas and the distances from CEJ to the alveolar bone margin were calculated in the same gingival propria. The number of anaerobic bacteria colonizing the teeth was also estimated at the termination of experiment.
Serum IgG levels were almost the same among the three groups at 3 and 6 months of age. The serum IgG anti-plaque antibody titer of the immunized group was 3.1 and 5.8 times higher than those of the sham-immunized and control groups, respectively, at 6 months of age (P<0.001). No significant differences were detected among the 3 groups with regard to the number of infiltrating PMN leukocytes and MN cells, relative percent of cell-infiltrated area or distance from CEJ to the alveolar bone margin.
This tendency could not suggest that the administration of antiplaque antibodies has a possible inhibitory effect on the inflamed gingival tissue in rats.View full abstractDownload PDF (738K) -
Sayuri YAMAMURA, Junichi MURAKAMI, Yukio IWAYAMA, Toshihiko UMEMOTO, I ...1987 Volume 29 Issue 4 Pages 1152-1161
Published: December 28, 1987
Released on J-STAGE: August 25, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe purpose of this study was to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of iodglycol paste containing 20% guaiacol (Gu-JG), and of iodglycol paste (JG) and guaiacol (Gu), against sixteen aerobic and anaerobic microorganisms using an agar-well method. The minimum inhibitory concentration of the three agents and the antimicrobial activity of Gu were also determined.
The results obtained were as follows:
1. The sucseptibility of the organisms tested against Gu-JG was higher than that of JG. Gu showed antimicrobial activity similar to or higher than Gu-JG or JG.
2. The minimum inhibitory concentration of Gu to six human oral microorganisms was the lowest of the three.
3. The antimicrobial effect of Gu on the tested organisms covered a range of 0.1% to 1%.
Thus, Gu-JG, JG and Gu had antimicrobial activity against oral bacteria, suggesting that Gu-JG exerts a useful effect against oral microorganisms in vivo in periodontal pockets.View full abstractDownload PDF (959K) -
Kiyoshi YUMITATE, Shigeyuki EBISU, Hironobu FUKUHARA, Shigenobu KIMURA ...1987 Volume 29 Issue 4 Pages 1162-1169
Published: December 28, 1987
Released on J-STAGE: August 25, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe purpose of this study was to radiographically evaluate the alveolar bone-loss in young adults with periodontal lesions in the first molars and/or incisors. The radiographical alveolar bone-loss was measured by the method of Schei with modification. Briefly, the degree of the radiographical bone level of each tooth, the pattern of the bone loss (vertical Vs horizontal) of the site, and frequency of the involving teeth which has the affected site (bone loss score ≥ 33%) were evaluated from the full-mouth radiography at the initial visit of eighty-three patients ranged from 15 to 34 years old.
Fifty-six percent of the subjects aged from 30 to 34 were found to have more than 14 affected teeth, whereas 30% in 20th ages and only 9% in teenages. The other teeth than the first molars and incisors were seldom affected in teenages, but were highly affected with aging. Symmetrically affected sites in the first molars could be found to most frequently present in the older subjects (67% of the 30-34 years old subjects) compared to other subjects (38% of 20-29 years old subjects and 9% of teenages subjects). From the results of typing of alveolar bone losses in the first molar, vertical alveolar bone losses in mesial side of the tooth could be seen in some subjects of teenages (53%), 20th ages (59%) and over 30 years old (66%). However, vertical bone losses in distal side or horizontal bone losses were also found in other cases of these three groups, Moreover, obvious clinical etiological factors including loss of the contact, restorations and so on, could be frequently found in the case with vertical alveolar bone losses in the distal side.
These results suggest that in order to diagnose of juvenile periodontitis, not only radiographic survey but other informations especially pathogenical analyses, might be necessary.View full abstractDownload PDF (1002K) -
Part 5. Observations from Questionnaires Given Patients During Their First VisitKeiji KANAYAMA, Shigeki ITO, Chung-hsing WU, Kyoko KITAHARA, Yoshihiko ...1987 Volume 29 Issue 4 Pages 1170-1180
Published: December 28, 1987
Released on J-STAGE: August 25, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIt is very important to consider the condition of patients prior to periodontal treatment. The authors investigated questionnaires filled out by 641 periodontal patients (379 males and 262 females) during their first visit to the periodontics department of Matsumoto Dental College Hospital between 1980 to 1986.
The questions related to age, chief complaint, favorite food, habits, periodontal treatment experience and systemic diseases. Results were classified by sex and age.
The results were as follows:
1. There were several male patients in the 41. `50 year-old age group.
2. In most cases the chief complaint was food impaction (82.8%).
3. Among the 41. `50 year-old male patients, resposes to favorite food included drinking, smoking, and eating solid foods.
4. The 41. `50 year-old patients had the greatest experience with prior periodontal treatment. Scaling had been done on 65% of them. In most cases their brushing was two times per day.
5. With regards to habits half of patients snored and most of these were male.
6. Many of the 51. `60 year-old patients had hypertention, although this figure was higher in the 41. `50 year-old patients.
7. Many of the 31. `40 and 41. `50 year-old females group of patients had menoxenia and menorrhalgia.
In any case rate occupied 41. `50 year-old patients were higher.View full abstractDownload PDF (1321K) -
4. Bleeding IndexItaru MIKAMI, Masutaka UENO, Akihiko OKABE, Akihiko KOUNO, Koichi FUKA ...1987 Volume 29 Issue 4 Pages 1181-1198
Published: December 28, 1987
Released on J-STAGE: August 25, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe purpose of this study was to investigate the bleeding index in 200 patients (100 males, 100 females) who were diagnosed as having chronic marginal periodontitis at the initial visit. The average bleeding index was 24.5%, and in 72.5% of the patients the bleeding index was from 0% to 29.0%.
No significant differences were found in the bleeding index of males and females, or between age groups.
As prognosis of the patients' disease, the bleeding index increased as mild (periodontitis) 16.4%<moderate 21.4%<severe 28.0%.
A questionnaire for patients indicated that the bleeding index of patients who had the gingival bleeding, gingival swelling, gingival bleeding on brushing, and masticatory disturbances were higher than others. Also the bleeding index of patients who were scaled and had gingival treatment was also higher.
In the relation to the brushing times per day, the bleeding index was less as the patient's brushing time decreased: 3 times per day: 27.0%>2 times: 24.6 %>1 time: 24.0%.
The patients who wanted to get preventive treatment showed low bleeding indexes.
A significant positive correlation was found (P< 0.01) between the bleeding index and the plaque control record, modified C. I. -S.View full abstractDownload PDF (2195K) -
3. A Couterplan of Prevention of Periodontal Disease in SchizophreniacsKimihito KUSUNOKI, Kazushige OSAWA, Osamu ONODERA, Hiroaki KIN, Katsum ...1987 Volume 29 Issue 4 Pages 1199-1206
Published: December 28, 1987
Released on J-STAGE: August 25, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe purpose of this study was to reexamined the prevalence of periodontal disease in psychopathic patients, especially in schizophreniacs. A follow-up survey on the effect of the education of tooth brushing were performed as follow methods. The examination of oral condition with measurement of periodontal pocket depth, DI, GI and GBI were carried out. And other was the investigation of the conciousness to brushing of tooth with two questionnaires which one was been same questions in previous research and another was been preparationed with new considerations.
The result showed that value of periodontal pocket depth, DI, GI were almost same as previous examination and schizophreniacs did not the quality of education of tooth brushing. And we recoginized that the motivation were not achieved in schizophreniacs and instructions for form a habit of tooth brushing were of importance.View full abstractDownload PDF (895K)
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