The deoxidising action of manganese in the open hearth furnace is considered in connection with the refining speed of steel, viscosity of slag etc. The relation of manganese in molten steel to the manganese in the molten slag which covers the steel, as affected by the basicity of the slag was found both in the laboratory and in basic open hearth steel works. The amounts of the dissociated FeO and MnO in molten slag. are calculated. The oxidising action of the basic open hearth slag is compared with that of the acid open hearth slag.
An outline of this paper is as follows:-
I. Introduction.
II. Laboratory Experiments.
1. Experimental method and analyses of raw materials used for this experiment.
2. Preliminary experimental results from a Tammann furnace which show the relation of manganese in molten iron and the molten non-limy siliceous slag which covers the iron.
3. Final experimental results from a criptol furnace which show the relation of manganese in molten iron and the molten non-limy siliceous slag or the limy siliceous slag which covers the iron.
4. Method of calculating the basicity of slag which is adopted for this paper.
5. Experimental results to show the concentrations of Fe₂O₃ and FeO in the various layers of the molten open hearth slag which covered the steel.
6. Comparison of laboratory results with acid open hearth results with respect to the relation of manganese in molten iron to manganese in the molten slag which covers the iron.
III. Experimental Results from the Basic Open-Hearth Furnace.
1. Difficulties in the open hearth furnace of getting samples of molten steel and molten slag in equilibrium.
2. Experimental results of the basic open-hearth furnace which show the relation of manganese in molten steel to manganese in the molten slag, and the comparison of the above relation to the results of the other several open-hearth furnaces.
IV. Theoretical Considerations.
1. Application of the law of mass action and the law of distribution to the relation of manganese in molten iron to manganese in the molten slag.
2. Calculation of the amounts of the dissociated MnO and FeO in the molten slag.
3. Comparison of basic open hearth slag with acid open hearth slag with respect to their oxidising power for molten steel.
V. Conclusions.

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