Journal of Weed Science and Technology

Weed Science Education in Foreign Countries

Kunikazu UEKI

1972 Volume 1972 Issue 13 Pages 1-5
Published: February 20, 1972
Released on J-STAGE: December 17, 2009

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3719/weed.1972.1

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Weed Control in Lowland Rice and Weed Control Research in the South-East Asia

Kyojiro NAKAGAWA

1972 Volume 1972 Issue 13 Pages 6-14
Published: February 20, 1972
Released on J-STAGE: December 17, 2009

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3719/weed.1972.6

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Weed Control in U. S. A.

Hideo CHISAKA

1972 Volume 1972 Issue 13 Pages 15-21
Published: February 20, 1972
Released on J-STAGE: December 17, 2009

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3719/weed.1972.15

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Weed Control on the Forest Nursery with CFNP (MO-500)

Tatsuo MANABE, Kunisaku ISHII

1972 Volume 1972 Issue 13 Pages 22-25
Published: February 20, 1972
Released on J-STAGE: December 17, 2009

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3719/weed.1972.22

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The trials were carried out during 1969 and 1970 to study the chemical weed control on the forest nursery by preemergence applications with MO-500 (2, 4-dichloro 6-fluoro 4-nitro diphenylether).
MO-500 was more effective than large rates of nitrofen for killing large crabgrass (Digitaria adscendens Henr.), dayflower (Commelina communis L.), ladysthumb (Polygonum persicaria L.), prostrate spurge (Euphorbia supina Rafin.) etc. and kept the experiment area free from weeds for 11/2-2 months at rate of 0.3-0.4cc/m² (25% emulsion). All seedlings of AKAMATSU (Pinus densiflora S. et Z.), HINOKI (Chamaecyparis obtusa S. et Z.) and SUGI (Cryptomeria japonica D. Don) were no injury.

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Effect of Weed Control with Some Herbicides in Japanese Plume-grass (Miscanthus sinensis Anderss.)

Nobuo OGATA, Yasuo NAGATOMO

1972 Volume 1972 Issue 13 Pages 26-28
Published: February 20, 1972
Released on J-STAGE: December 17, 2009

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3719/weed.1972.26

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Mode of Action and Selectivity Mechanism of a Herbicide, 5-Chloro-4-methyl-2-propionamide-1, 3-thiazole, CMPT

Shooichi MATSUNAKA, Hiroshi NAKAMURA

1972 Volume 1972 Issue 13 Pages 29-31
Published: February 20, 1972
Released on J-STAGE: December 17, 2009

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3719/weed.1972.29

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Wheat and barley plants possess a high degree of tolerance to the postemergence application of 5-chloro-4-methyl-2-propionamide-1, 3-thiazole (CMPT). Tomato plants are highly susceptible to this herbicide. CMPT inhibited the Hill-reaction in isolated chloroplasts (I₅₀=5.0×10^-6M). Photosynthesis of wheat, barley and tomato plants was completely inhibited soon after the foliar application of CMPT. The inhibition in wheat and barley recovered in several days, while tomato plants did not show any recovery from the inhibition and died. These facts may show that wheat and barley could hydrolyze CMPT into corresponding amine which was found to have no inhibitory activity on the Hill-reaction.
An analogous compound, 5-chloro-2-propionamide-1, 3-thiazole, showed almost the same properties as CMPT, but the slow recovery from the photosynthesis-inhibition seemed to be the reason of its higher phytotoxicity to wheat and barley than CMPT.

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Studies on New Herbicide, Oxadiazone (G-315) (17623-RP)

I. The Herbicidal Effect and Soil Incorporation Treatment in Paddy Rice Field

Yuji KAWAMURA, Yoshinori UNO, Seiichi ISHIDA

1972 Volume 1972 Issue 13 Pages 31-36
Published: February 20, 1972
Released on J-STAGE: December 17, 2009

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3719/weed.1972.31

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1) The herbicidal activity of G-315 [5-t-butyl-3 (2, 4-dichloro-5-isopropoxyphenyl) 1, 3, 4-oxadiazoline-2-one] against barnyardgrass was far greater than that of nitrofen (2, 4-dichloro 4′-nitro diphenylether). At a much lower dosage, the activity of G-315 was equal or superior to that of nitrofen. Both compounds, sowever, showed reduced herbicidal activity when mixed deeper into the soil.
2) Proper incorporation depth of G-315 in rice paddy field was persumed to be only 2 to 3cm.
3) We found a simplified application method with specially formurated G-315 to scatter G-315 emulsifiable concentrate (12%) to paddy field water surface at the rate of 500ml/10 ares, directly without dilution. When this G-315 emulsifiable concentrate was applied before normal puddling work in rice paddy field, most of G-315 was found to exist in the soil of 2 to 3cm depth.

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Inhibition of Auxin Activity by 3-Phenoxypyridazine Derivatives

Yasutomo TAKEUCHI, Makoto KONNAI, Tetsuo TAKEMATSU, Saburo TAMURA

1972 Volume 1972 Issue 13 Pages 37-42
Published: February 20, 1972
Released on J-STAGE: December 17, 2009

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3719/weed.1972.37

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Inhibition of auxin activity by 3-phenoxypyridazine derivatives was studied by Raphanus test B method (cell division determination test), modified Raphanus test A method (cell elongation determination test), and Avena straight growth test.
The auxin-induced growth was severely inhibited by these three derivatives (3-phenoxypyridazine, 3-(2-methylphenoxy) pyridazine, 3-(2, 6-dimethylphenoxy) pyridazine).
The radish growth inhibitory effects of excess auxin could be reversed by additional low concentrations of above three derivatives. Conversely, the growth inhibition of 3-phenoxypyridazine derivatives could be overcomed by the presence of additional low auxin concentrations.
However, the growth inhibition effects proved to be increased by the combination of both the high concentrations.
Moreover, as the loss of apical dominance by 3-phenoxypyridazine derivatives was observed, the site of action of these chemicals is found to be associated with interference with auxin.

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The Effectiveness of Herbicides in Upland Soil Types in Kyushu

Iwaho IWATA, Susumu SIRASAKA

1972 Volume 1972 Issue 13 Pages 42-47
Published: February 20, 1972
Released on J-STAGE: December 17, 2009

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3719/weed.1972.42

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This experiments were carried out at 1966 in order to study the action of three herbicides in six upland soils in Kyushu with special respect to soil moisture content. The experimental results obtained were summarized as follows:
(1) Isahaya soil (andesite: 0.75% humus) and Oita soil (alluvial soil: 1.98%) is unstable compared with other soil types, in the emergence of weeds and phytotoxicity of herbicides on account of the difference of soil moisture content.
(2) Of volcanic ash soils (humus content: Ono 15.25%, Nishigoshi 12.10%, Kanoya 11.05% and Miyakonojo 4.65%, respectively), Miyakonojo soil is comparatively unstable in weed emergence and herbicidal activity. However, other soils are unlike.
(3) Soil properties principally affecting the behavior of herbicides in the soils are considered maximum water-holding capacity and humus content of soil.

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Studies on the Weeding System of Transplanting Culture of Paddy Rice in Ibaraki Prefecture

1. New Weeding System and the Selection of Herbicides on Young and Mature Seedling Culture

Tamotsu AKUTSU, Akira KUROSAWA

1972 Volume 1972 Issue 13 Pages 47-53
Published: February 20, 1972
Released on J-STAGE: December 17, 2009

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3719/weed.1972.47

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Herbicidal Effects of Several Herbicides under Different Conditions in Mechanical Transplanting Culture of Rice

Takayoshi KATAOKA, Shooji FURUYA

1972 Volume 1972 Issue 13 Pages 54-58
Published: February 20, 1972
Released on J-STAGE: December 17, 2009

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3719/weed.1972.54

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We investigated the influences of depth of submerged water, water percolation and time of application on the herbicidal effects of several herbicides in pot experiments. CNP, NIP (nitrofen), TOPE, simetryne, benthiocarb, benthiocarb+CNP, benthiocarb+simetryne, trifluralin and PCP were tested.
CNP, TOPE and trifluralin were more effective to barnyardgrass in the deeply-submerged condition than in the shallowly-submerged. The influence of percolation was little with the herbicides tested.
When herbicides were applied at the rates at which rice plants were not injured, the limits of applicable period of herbicides tested, which were indicated with the maximum leaf-stage of barnyardgrass controled, were as follows: 1-leaf stage with CNP and NIP, 1.5-leaf stage with benthiocarb+CNP and trifluralin, 2-leaf stage with TOPE, simetryne and benthiocarb, and 2.5-leaf stage with benthiocarb+simetryne.
Benthiocarb, benthiocarb+CNP and benthiocarb+simetryne were the most effective to slender spikerush (Eleocharis acicularis Roem. et Schult.).

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Weed Control on Mechanical Transplanting Culture of Rice

Takayoshi KATAOKA, Shooji FURUYA, Hideo CHISAKA

1972 Volume 1972 Issue 13 Pages 58-62
Published: February 20, 1972
Released on J-STAGE: December 17, 2009

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3719/weed.1972.58

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Application of Logistic Theory to Relation between Weights of Rice Plant and Weed in Competition

Kinjiro HATTORI

1972 Volume 1972 Issue 13 Pages 62-66
Published: February 20, 1972
Released on J-STAGE: December 17, 2009

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3719/weed.1972.62

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On “Weed Research” Vol. 10

Hideo CHISAKA, Katsuyoshi NOGUCHI, Kinjiro HATTORI, Minoru TAKABAYASHI

1972 Volume 1972 Issue 13 Pages 67-79
Published: February 20, 1972
Released on J-STAGE: December 17, 2009

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3719/weed.1972.67

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