Journal of Weed Science and Technology

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Calystegia japonica (Convolvulaceae) and C. hederacea are perennial herbs. They are distinguished by morphological traits, such as leaf shape, but individuals which have intermediated morphological traits are often observed in the wild. These individuals are supposed to be interspecific hybrids (C. japonica × C. hederacea), because they can be crossed by artificial pollination, and have common pollinators in the wild. Here, to understand hybridization between C. japonica and C. hederacea in the wild, we conducted sampling at 59 sites in Matsumoto, Nagano, Japan, and distinguished hybrids by morphological traits. As a result, hybrids distinguished by morphology are observed at 29 sites of 59 sites. Moreover, we investigated sequences of nuclear DNA (ITS region) and chloroplast DNA (rpl16 region), and found that C. japonica and C. hederacea have different sequences, the nuclear DNA type coincides with chloroplast DNA types, and most of hybrids determined by nuclear DNA contained chloroplast DNA of C. hederacea. These results suggest that asymmetric hybridization, in which C. hederaea tend to be mother, occur between C. japonica and C. hederacea and most of the hybrids are composed of F1 hybrids.

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