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原稿種別: 表紙
2005 年 70 巻 593 号 p.
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発行日: 2005/07/30
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原稿種別: 表紙
2005 年 70 巻 593 号 p.
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発行日: 2005/07/30
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原稿種別: 付録等
2005 年 70 巻 593 号 p.
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原稿種別: 付録等
2005 年 70 巻 593 号 p.
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原稿種別: 付録等
2005 年 70 巻 593 号 p.
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原稿種別: 付録等
2005 年 70 巻 593 号 p.
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原稿種別: 付録等
2005 年 70 巻 593 号 p.
App49-
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原稿種別: 付録等
2005 年 70 巻 593 号 p.
App50-
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丸山 一平, 野口 貴文, 松下 哲郎
原稿種別: 本文
2005 年 70 巻 593 号 p.
1-8
発行日: 2005/07/30
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A computer-based numerical model is presented in which hydration and microstructural development in Portland cement-based materials can be simulated. The proposed model enables the prediction of hydration curves as a function of particle size distribution and the chemical composition of the cement, the water to cement ratio, and the actual curing temperature. The mutual relationship between developing the microstructure and its effect on the hydration process is modeled explicitly. Finally, predictive accuracy of the proposed model is assessed with 50 different calorimeter tests who have different cement composition, water to cement ratio, particle size distribution, and curing temperature. As a results, averaged ratio of predicted value to experimental value of 0.994 and a predictive standard error of 5.9% are obtained, and these values can be concluded as an indication of good accuracy of prediction.
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今本 啓一, 山本 俊彦, 大岡 督尚
原稿種別: 本文
2005 年 70 巻 593 号 p.
9-16
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It is well known that size of concrete member strongly affects its creep and shrinkage behaviors. In this study, creep and shrinkage strains of 50 and 130MPa concretes in various size square columns were measured for about 5 years. The effects of size on shrinkage and creep were discussed through comparisons between the observed values and the calculated values by CEB-FIP 1990 and JSCE model codes. The results showed that these models, especially CEB-FIP 1990 Model Code (MC90) codes, could evaluate the relative changes of creep and shrinkage due to specimen size. This might indicate that the combination of accurate shrinkage and creep evaluations of reference specimen (Ex. 10cm square column) and the size effect factor of MC90 enables the correct evaluation of shrinkage and creep of various size square columns. In this paper, a revised MC90 adjusted to creep data in Japan was also proposed.
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市川 裕一, バルトコ ミハエル, 加藤 信男, 宮内 博之, 佐々木 孝基, 田中 享二
原稿種別: 本文
2005 年 70 巻 593 号 p.
17-24
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A waterproofing membrane is partially fixed to a substrate by fasteners in mechanically anchored systems. For designing a safer anchored waterproofing system against typhoons, it is needed to make clear the behavior of it under strong wind. Two kinds of full size specimens with a parapet and without one were exposed to high wind speed of a wind tunnel. The behavior of the system was investigated from the three aspects such as wind forces to a membrane, deformation of a membrane and tensile forces of fasteners induced by high wind. Strong wind force was observed in the area close to the windward edge for the roof without a parapet and about 1m on the leeward from a parapet for the roof with a parapet. The membrane was lifted up by wind to about 60mm in maximum height and was extended to about 0.6% in maximum elongation and it oscillated about 5-20Hz in periodic time. The tensile force of more than 160N was observed in some fasteners, depending on the location in the roof.
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西脇 智哉, 三橋 博三, 張 柄國, 杉田 稔, 三浦 和晃
原稿種別: 本文
2005 年 70 巻 593 号 p.
25-30
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In this study, a fundamental study is carried out to develop a kind of intelligent concrete that has the self-healing function with heating device. Self-diagnosis composite is employed as the heating device that can heat up the damaged part in concrete. This heating device and repair agent which is protected by heat-plasticity film and is hardened by proper heat are embedded in concrete, and selective heat around crack can melt the film and harden the repair agent in crack. 3D thermal analysis and fundamental experiment is carried out to confirm the suggested method.
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松山 祐子, 橘高 義典
原稿種別: 本文
2005 年 70 巻 593 号 p.
31-35
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In repair of the existing housing construction, not only the maintenance of facade material qualities, but also the improvement of aging effect should be taken into consideration as a method of the updating technology about a city construction stock. The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between the color properties of bricks imaged finishing of building facade and the evaluation value on aging and other visual qualities. The influence of color coordination on aging and desirability is clarified through the results of sensory tests and systematized for the long-term management of building facade.
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土屋 潤, 橘高 義典, 田村 雅紀
原稿種別: 本文
2005 年 70 巻 593 号 p.
37-41
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In this paper, the effect of lighting irradiation angle on the visual evaluation of building stone finishing was investigated. The factors affecting the visual evaluation such as unevenness, roughness, glossiness, naturalness, comfort, feature and complexity of stone surface were analyzed by performing the sensory test using the natural sandstone specimen which were changing the stone type, surface finishing method and surface pattern. In the sensory test, lighting irradiation angle(θ) for the stone surface was changed. The relationships between θ and the sensory values were considered. It was cleared that the visual evaluation of sandstone specimen was affected by the lighting irradiation angle in the visual evaluation such as unevenness and roughness, a glossy specimen have a tendency to the smaller the angle, the more marked the effect became, physical surface roughness was related to the visual evaluation of roughness and complexity under 45 degrees of lighting irradiation angle.
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日比野 浩, 久保 哲夫, 高木 政美, 勝田 庄二
原稿種別: 本文
2005 年 70 巻 593 号 p.
43-50
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In this paper, seismic response of isolated buildings is simulated by using a detailed hysteresis model for sliding bearing, in comparison with the response by the simple bi-linear hysteresis model. It was found that, through the simulation of shaking table tests, the detailed hysteresis model could simulate the seismic response of the frame model better than the simple model. According to the case study on a mid-story building, isolation-layer displacement under small input tends to be smaller and the response of the superstructure larger, because shear force of isolation-layer is affected by initial coefficients and velocity-dependency of friction. Since these trends appear to be remarkable when sliding type is used for all bearings, the detailed model is recommended in such a case.
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倉本 洋, 中坂 亮, 松本 和行
原稿種別: 本文
2005 年 70 巻 593 号 p.
51-58
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Applying the Calculation of Response and Limit Strength provided in the Building Standard Law Enforcement Order of Japan, a nonlinear static analysis procedure for evaluating the seismic performance of multi-story buildings with response control devices (RCD) is proposed in this paper. Time history earthquake response analysis and pushover analysis for 12 story RC buildings with RCD of 6 types are executed to examine the accuracy of the proposed procedure for predicting the earthquake responses. A method to consider the higher mode effect for the proposed procedure is also discussed.
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松田 敏, 河野 允宏, 浅野 幸一郎
原稿種別: 本文
2005 年 70 巻 593 号 p.
59-64
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In this paper, a simple method is proposed to estimate amplification characteristics of anti-plane shear waves in two-dimensional alluvial valleys. The eigenfrequencies and eigenmodes of two-dimensional alluvial valleys are estimated by using the Rayleigh-Ritz method. In order to make a quantitative analysis of the amplification characteristics, the modal analysis method is employed with the equivalent modal damping parameters representing the energy dissipation to the surrounding bedrock. The results of some numerical examinations show the efficiency and applicability of the presented method to approximately estimate the amplification characteristics of various shaped alluvial valleys.
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西村 功
原稿種別: 本文
2005 年 70 巻 593 号 p.
65-72
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This paper evaluates the effect of geometrical nonlinearity on the buckling load of shear-bending columns. The motivation of this study comes from the recognition that the linear buckling model proposed by Haringx in 1948 seems well fit to the experimental observation in the author's laboratory where high-rise rubber bearings were tested. It, however, contradicts to the numerous test results in the past research both in domestic and overseas as well. As a result of the study in this paper, the geometrical nonlinearity is shown to have a malevolent effect on the post-buckling behavior latent in the low-rise laminated rubber bearings, which are commonly used in a practical design of base-isolated buildings.
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三井 和男
原稿種別: 本文
2005 年 70 巻 593 号 p.
73-79
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This paper presents an effective method for designing structures using cellular automata, representing a simple conceptual basis for the self- organization of structural systems. The method is sufficiently simple to solve topology optimization problems as pure 0-1 problems, and yet sufficiently complex to express a wide variety of complicated topologies. A local rule about birth and death of cells, that is a new idea from neuron's properties, is introduced in order to search for solutions. The local rule has binary characteristic, spatial summation characteristic, and temporal summation characteristic of inputs. Since the method has temporal summation characteristic of inputs, especially the method is able to apply to problems of structure subjected to periodic forces or periodic support conditions. The effectiveness of the present method is demonstrated through numerical examples of the typical topology optimization problem.
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八尾 眞太郎, 桝井 健
原稿種別: 本文
2005 年 70 巻 593 号 p.
81-86
発行日: 2005/07/30
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Restoration work of masonry walls of time-honored castles in Japan necessitates the knowledge of structural mechanics of masonry walls. The paper presented here deals with stability of the TSUKIISHIBU section in the wall structure under long-term load; the TSUKIISHIBU section represents the whole part of the masonry wall structure excluding corner. The stability was investigated in three aspects. First, formulae to get critical heights of masonry walls were introduced under conditions of critical failure mechanisms. The critical heights concerning such variables as slope angles of the walls and internal friction angles between stone blocks and of back fill soil were calculated and design curves were drawn. Second, a safety factor of masonry walls at critical failure mechanisms was proposed. Utilization of this safety factor led us to various useful information regarding to the stability of masonry wall structure. Last, mechanical implication of the concave shape of masonry walls which is characteristic to Japanese castle was clarified.
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宮本 俊輔, 宮澤 健二, 入江 康隆, 後藤 治
原稿種別: 本文
2005 年 70 巻 593 号 p.
87-94
発行日: 2005/07/30
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Structural style of Japanese temples is unique and different in wooden structural system to than dwelling houses. The purpose of this research is to clarify the seismic performance of a Japanese temple that stand at Fujieda city by means of field investigation, seismic diagnosis and seismic retrofit. From the viewpoint of seismic performance, the weakness of this temple is mainly based on the heavy weight of the roof, the deficiency of resistant wall and the weak rigidity of ceiling plane. In order to improve the seismic performance, we replaced heavy tiles with light ones on the roof, strengthened walls by using studs, sleepers and plywoods at outer zone and installed steel braces in ceiling plane refering to the seismic diagnosis. In order to confirm the effect of seismic retrofit, we carried out the microtremor measurements before and after the seismic retrofit. The main results which were confirmed by microtremor measurements are as follows; The natural frequency of this temple has increased from 2.0Hz to 3.6Hz. The damping constant has decreased from 3.5 % to 2.7 %. The torsional vibration has been reduced. Therefore, it becomes clear that the seismic diagnosis and seismic retrofit mentioned above are very effective in this case.
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町田 健一, 綿引 誠, 大橋 好光, 坂本 功
原稿種別: 本文
2005 年 70 巻 593 号 p.
95-102
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Static and dynamic loading tests were carried out in 8 types of shear walls of wooden post and beam construction. Comparative analyses of the results proved the followings with regard to "static and dynamic properties" and "influence of cyclic loading". In the all types, the dynamic load exceeded 1.1-1.5 times as much as the static load even in small displacement. Regarding the maximum load, the static and dynamic loads were almost the same in wooden elements, and the dynamic load was larger than the static load in inorganic elements. "δu" of the all types and "δy" of the wooden elements were smaller under the dynamic load than under the static load. The failure type of wooden boards changed from "pull-out of nails" to "mixture of punch-outs" under the dynamic load, and the others had no change in the static and dynamic loads. Through the influence of cyclic load, the maximum load of the static loading test of plywood and inorganic boards decreased at 10%-20% range.
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山中 憲行, 林 貞夫
原稿種別: 本文
2005 年 70 巻 593 号 p.
103-110
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The purpose of this study is to investigate fatigue life characteristic of pressure welding bars in concrete. Fatigue life of pressure welding bars in concrete became longer than that of pressure welding themselves (prolongation-life effect). Prolongation-life effect was related to coarse aggregate. The reason for this relation is that stress concentration of pressure welding parts was reduced to increased bond stress by coarse aggregate.
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衣笠 秀行, 野村 設郎
原稿種別: 本文
2005 年 70 巻 593 号 p.
111-119
発行日: 2005/07/30
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Based on cyclic loading tests of RC beams which failed in flexural shear failure without yielding of the transverse reinforcement, the following flexural shear failure mechanism, which is associated with 'Error Catastrophe' known as a theory of aging, was observed in the hinge region. A shear-resisting system formed in the hinge region of RC beam subjected to monotonic loading. Under reversed cyclic loading, the shear-resisting system of monotonic loading repeated temporary disappearance and rebuilding due to opening and closing of cracks, each time the loading direction was reversed. The flexural shear failure occurred due to malfunction of the rebuilding after the temporary disappearance. What inhibited the rebuilding and caused the malfunction was errors in the rebuilding. The errors accumulated each time the shear-resisting system is rebuilt, and when the errors exceeded a certain tolerance, the failure due to the malfunction of the rebuilding occurred.
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長江 拓也, 林 静雄, イバラ ルイス, クラウィンクラー ヘルムット
原稿種別: 本文
2005 年 70 巻 593 号 p.
121-128
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The quantitative representation of the performance of building is not straightforward. At present, the mechanism formed by strong columns and weak beams (i.e. complete mechanism) is strongly recommended as a design concept for multistory frame structures. However, from the viewpoint of reparability, it is generally difficult to repair all hinges in the beams in the case of complete mechanism. In addition, costs of downtime can be high because all of stories of the building become targets of repairing. Thus, this research comes up with a concept of mechanism control that intends to concentrate damages to the lower part of the frame structure and keep the rest of the structure (the higher part) intact. The type of mechanism can be controlled by appropriately reinforcing the members in the upper part. However it is obvious that the extreme case, i.e. soft-first-story building can produce poor collapse capacity. Thus, for this design, it becomes very important to show the balance between the reparability and the safety against collapse. In this report, damage processes including collapse are presented from the results of incremental dynamic analyses, which were conducted for reinforced concrete frame structures with different size of partial mechanisms. The response assessment for the structures was performed through probabilistic approaches, and eventually the probability of collapse was computed and compared.
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花井 伸明, 梅村 恒, 市之瀬 敏勝
原稿種別: 本文
2005 年 70 巻 593 号 p.
129-136
発行日: 2005/07/30
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It is reported that RC members fail in shear after flexural yielding even if the shear strength is greater than the flexural strength. However, the shear failure mechanism of RC members is complicated and not well understood. We tested RC members where the test parameters were axial forces and loading histories. The following conclusions were obtained: (1)The latest AIJ guidelines slightly underestimate the influence of the hoop interval on ductility and overestimate that of cross-ties. (2)Axial forces delay the strength deterioration. However, the damage after the strength deterioration accumulates faster than the case of no axial forces. (3)Strength deterioration starts when tangential relative displacement along a crack becomes larger than a threshold, which is not affected by loading history.
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勅使川原 正臣, 平石 久廣, 都祭 弘幸, 野口 和也, 飯島 康仁
原稿種別: 本文
2005 年 70 巻 593 号 p.
137-143
発行日: 2005/07/30
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A reinforced concrete shear wall (RC wall) is recognized as an important seismic element due to its high stiffness and strength. In order to use an RC wall more effective in the frame with RC wall, large deformation capacity and stable lateral stiffness at flexural hinge zone are required. This paper proposes a new RC wall with hinge isolated structural system and verifies the lateral force resisting and lateral deformation mechanisms by a horizontal loading test for one-third scale models. The test results show the facts that the RC wall with hinge isolated structural system forms clear isolated flexural hinge mechanism and suffers small damage of concrete in the hinge zone. The larger deformation capacity will be expected by restraining a slip deformation at the wall foot.
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伊藤 拓海, 大井 謙一, 李 正林
原稿種別: 本文
2005 年 70 巻 593 号 p.
145-151
発行日: 2005/07/30
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It can be said that a scale of redundancy in a structure is related to extent of influence that structural components have on the stability of the whole frame. In this paper, the sensitivity index, that is amount of influence that components have on the performance of frame stability when the components are lost or damaged, is estimated. An efficient linear-programming technique, which is called as compact procedure, is applied to estimate the vertical load carrying capacity of not-damaged or damaged states. In-plane framed structures and 3D structures are studied about the sensitivity index to member disappearance.
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木村 祥裕, マクレイ グレゴリー
原稿種別: 本文
2005 年 70 巻 593 号 p.
153-160
発行日: 2005/07/30
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Columns in concentrically braced steel frames are generally designed for axial force and column moment demands do not affect the member sizes. If no column flexural stiffness is provided, a soft-story mechanism may occur in a braced frame as soon as the braces in one level reach their strength. In a previous paper, the effect of the column flexural stiffness on two story braced frames with pinned column bases was quantified using direct mathematical formulation, frame push-over and dynamic analyses. This paper evaluates the effect of column base fixity, as well as column stiffness and strength, on drift concentration in two story braced frames.
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鈴木 敏郎, 五十嵐 規矩夫, 牧野 俊雄, 鳥飼 俊一郎
原稿種別: 本文
2005 年 70 巻 593 号 p.
161-167
発行日: 2005/07/30
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This paper examines the slip strength of high strength zigzag bolted connections with base plate and splice plate material plasticity by monotonic loading. The loading experiment which made the number of bolts, base plate thickness, splice plate thickness is conducted. Slip behavior of zigzag bolted connections is compared with slip behavior of one sequence bolted connections. As a result, it is clear that, using zigzag arrangement, bolt axial force is early drawn out and an apparent friction coefficient is decreased. The slip strength model of one sequence bolted connection is applied at the slip strength of zigzag bolted connections.
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藤田 正則, 菅野 良一, 井上 隆二
原稿種別: 本文
2005 年 70 巻 593 号 p.
169-176
発行日: 2005/07/30
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A steel sandwich panel usually used as finishing materials has a potential of increasing structural performance of building frames. In this paper, authors have proposed a steel sandwich panel wall system for resisting against lateral forces, in which sandwich panels are affixed to the building frames with screws. Since the steel sandwich panel consists of thin steel sheets and a urethane core, the steel sheets themselves do not have enough resistance to the lateral forces. Therefore, the steel sandwich panel is partially reinforced with sheet steel plates at the connections to the building frames. In-plane shear tests are conducted to examine the structural performance. The tests show that the panel exhibited stable and satisfactory behavior. In addition, the several performance indices are provided based on the test results.
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松宮 智央, 中島 正愛, 吹田 啓一郎, 佐藤 有希
原稿種別: 本文
2005 年 70 巻 593 号 p.
177-184
発行日: 2005/07/30
公開日: 2017/02/11
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This paper presents detailed results on damage sustained by beams of a full-scale three story steel moment frame subjected to large cyclic loading. Intentional connection defects (misalignment and insufficient fusion of welds) were embedded at few beam-to-column connections. Misalignment by 3mm between the diaphragm plate and beam flange caused brittle fracture at a beam rotation of 1/27 rad. Otherwise, effects of small defects on the overall behavior remained minimal. Composite action was observed for the strain distribution along the beam depth and for the increase in bending strength during the positive loading. Effects of composite action, given as the difference between the positive and negative bending moments for the same rotation, increased for larger story drifts. The degree of increase, however, was not as large as that estimated by commonly used effective-width approaches.
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福島 誠一郎, 矢代 晴実
原稿種別: 本文
2005 年 70 巻 593 号 p.
185-192
発行日: 2005/07/30
公開日: 2017/02/11
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In the seismic risk management for enterprises, risk control measures such as an increment of seismic capacity, are essential, since they reduce both direct losses and recovery costs. On the other hand, risk control measures require the costs for implementation, so that the adequacy of the measure must be examined from the viewpoint of the accountability. Therefore, when considering the risk management of portfolio of buildings, the methodology to determine the seismic performance of each building consisting of the portfolio is required in order to utilize the cost beneficial counter measure. In this paper, proposed is the methodology to determine the optimal seismic performance of buildings based on the contribution to the portfolio loss. The efficiency of the proposed methodology is also demonstrated using the model portfolio consisting of 20 buildings in Kanto district.
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原稿種別: 付録等
2005 年 70 巻 593 号 p.
App51-
発行日: 2005/07/30
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原稿種別: 表紙
2005 年 70 巻 593 号 p.
Cover27-
発行日: 2005/07/30
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原稿種別: 表紙
2005 年 70 巻 593 号 p.
Cover28-
発行日: 2005/07/30
公開日: 2017/02/11
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