[in Japanese]

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[in Japanese]

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This paper reports on an industry system being constructed in Okinawa prefecture in order to provide a stable supply system for chrysanthemum. Such a system is essential for commodity composition and advanced shipping response. First, the branch organizations established a cropping plan adjustment function, a crop generation grasping function, and a shipping control function for each site of the production area. The farming instructor managed the functions of the branch organization for a smoother execution. As a next step, in order to secure stable seeds and seedlings even in the event of typhoon damage, a subsidiary was established overseas and an internal procurement system of seeds and seedlings was set up as well. Finally, a flat-tile facility was introduced in order to avoid planting collapse immediately after planting.

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The purpose of this study is to focus on how the fish processing industry located in coastal areas of the Seto Island Sea has adopted the food chain approach. The division of labor has been a widespread phenomenon in the food manufacturing industry, along with controlling food safety on the flow 'farm to table' becoming a global concern. Fish processing companies have adopted process conformity rather than product conformity in their plants, with Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Points together with other food safety control methods put in place. Case studies on three fish processing companies were conducted regarding how they introduced and developed the food chain approach. The study concluded that these companies have successfully attained the process conformity, but their raw materials suppliers have not yet achieved such reforms (except for one company). It is necessary to consider how to extend the food chain approach to producers and primary level processers.

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This paper clarifies how the consciousness of exchange between urban and rural areas has influence on shippers' production and shipping behavior at large-scale farmers' market. The findings indicate that, first, shippers to large-scale farmers' markets have reflected information produced by exchanges with producer colleagues and consumers in production and shipment as with small-scale farmers' markets. Second, the farmers who are interested in urban-rural exchanges have strong intention to emphasize consumers compared to indifferent farmers, and the rate of working on freshness preservation, reduction of agricultural chemical use, and multi-item production was high. Third, farmers who are interested in urban-rural exchanges showed a tendency in which many farmers wanted to increase the shipment quantity and the number of shipments in the future. Many farmers also wanted to activate exchange with consumers and exchanges among producers in the future management of farmers' markets.

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The objective of this study is to identify the role of product differentiation strategies targeting local food retailers in expanding the export of processed food to China. This study used a market structure ⇔ corporate strategy approach to critically examine, through the lens of the Chinese import food market structure, the efficacy of strategies employed by Japanese food manufacturing corporations. Interviews were conducted at successful Japanese food manufacturing corporations and Chinese retail outlets of import foods. The results showed two significant findings. First, Japanese food manufacturers that have direct relationships with local retail outlets in China experience a two-fold benefit from having access to direct consumer feedback: they are able to meet consumer demand by adapting their products and they can aggregate products from other small and medium domestic food manufacturers in Japan to attain economies of scale in transportation timeliness. Second, Japanese food manufacturers with established local retail outlets and Chinese staff were successful in capitalizing on newly emerging markets for imported food products in formerly rural regions in China's interior. Notably, having Chinese staff was found to be critical in corporations being able to negotiate opportunities in these emerging markets.

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2019 The Agricultural Marketing Society of Japan

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