The Agricultural Marketing Journal of Japan
Online ISSN : 2424-0427
Print ISSN : 1341-934X
Volume 12, Issue 2
Displaying 1-21 of 21 articles from this issue
  • Jiang ZHAO, Sinnosuke TAMA
    Article type: Paper
    2003 Volume 12 Issue 2 Pages 36-47
    Published: December 31, 2003
    Released on J-STAGE: March 30, 2019
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    The Agricultural Development Bank of China (ADBC) has played an important role in the reform of the Chinese food mobilization system. The aim of this paper is to examine the role of the ADBC in each stage of this reform. The establishment of ADBC simplified the supply route of policy loans for State purchasing of grain, and along with its implementation of money-control responsibilities, it put an end to the embezzlement of the policy loans. Moreover, since 2000, by actively adjusting the lending policy, the ADBC has promoted the food-policy reform. However, the policy loan business is on the decline as the reforms continue. It is important to investigate the necessity and the possibility of the development finance in the field of production, as a part of the countermeasure against the impacts by joining the WTO.
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  • Yong-Woo CHAE, Ichio SASAKI, Tosihisa KANAYAMA
    Article type: Paper
    2003 Volume 12 Issue 2 Pages 48-60
    Published: December 31, 2003
    Released on J-STAGE: March 30, 2019
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Dairy farms in Japan have been requested to be equipped with facilities able to manage the livestock-excrement not later than the year 2004. As such farming is undertaken to meet consumer demand, this paper tests the possibility of shifting the cost onto milk consumers by assessing the conservation of natural environment from the milk consumers' point of view. The study measured consumers' willingness to pay for the conservation of natural environment in milk and additional willingness to pay, in the case of making the milk only from the dairy farms equipped with facilities to dispose the livestock-excrement. Data were collected from five regions: Obihiro, Hukui, Sapporo, Osaka, Tokyo, using a structured questionnaire. The results indicate that, first the average amount of Willingness To Pay for the environmental conservation of milk was 222.6 yen and compared to the market price, average AWTP was from 11.5 yen at the minimum to 37.7 yen at the maximum per liter. Second, regression analysis results showed that the respondents who have children, the level of milk purchased, knowledge about non-processed milk, knowledge about echo mark, participation in environmental organizations, cooperation in disposing of milk cartons for recycling work, income, and the difference between the willingness to pay for current milk and the real price of the milk(consumer surplus) had a significant effect on consumers' willingness to pay.
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  • Sunggak KIM
    Article type: Paper
    2003 Volume 12 Issue 2 Pages 61-71
    Published: December 31, 2003
    Released on J-STAGE: March 30, 2019
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Because of its product characteristics, pork is said to be comparatively difficult to make a strong brand and, even after a brand of pork is established, the price gap among brands is not as significant as beef. Despite this, the Kagoshima Kurobuta has succeeded in developing a celebrated brand and is now the top branded Japanese pork. This paper analyzes the brand development of the Kagoshima Kurobuta, which is said to be a result of product differentiation in the process of production and distribution together with marketing activities to keep the differentiation throughout the distribution channel. The main objectives of this paper are to examine the meaning of agricultural brand through research survey, analyze the brand building process of the Kagoshima Kurobuta with respect to product differentiation, and its tools and discuss the marketing activities to build and maintain the brand such as certification system.
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  • Shinichi TSUBAKI
    Article type: Paper
    2003 Volume 12 Issue 2 Pages 72-81
    Published: December 31, 2003
    Released on J-STAGE: March 30, 2019
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    This paper takes the agricultural production legal person based on the village as an object of study. Based on surveys of actual conditions, the first consideration is to resolve the agricultural structure, and the second is to resolve the management functions of agricultural production legal person in paddy field farming systems. The research was conducted in Hachojima, a double cropping area, of Kurume City, Fukuoka Prefecture. The result indicate that first, full-time farmers are few but while part-time farm household dominate, they depend heavily on agricultural income. Under such conditions, farmers organize group farming, leading to agricultural production as legal person. Second, part-time farm household hold management function of agricultural production legal person and accordingly they play essential roles in agricultural production as legal person. Third, while agricultural production as legal person aims to distribute earnings to part-time farm households, part-time farm household commit to agricultural production as legal person in order to make a living. Consequently, liquidization of farmland accelerated.
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  • Yongfu CHEN, Akira NAKAYASU
    Article type: Paper
    2003 Volume 12 Issue 2 Pages 82-91
    Published: December 31, 2003
    Released on J-STAGE: March 30, 2019
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    China has become the biggest soybean importing country in the world in recent years. In this study we have estimated the demand of soybean, soy meal and soy oil in China, due to differences in previous estimated results. In the 2000's results, China's soybean demand was 23.25 million ton, soy meal was 14.68 million ton, and soy oil was 3.58 million ton. A Nerlove adjusted model was used to analyze the impacts of prices and drought factors on China's soybean production, and an double-lag Engel's function was used to measure the income elasticity and price elasticity on demand of soybean, soy meal and soy oil. It was clear that soybean production responded to the change of soybean and rice prices, with income elasticity on the demand of soy meal and soy oil positive and sensitive, and the price elasticity on the demand of soybean in food use, soy meal and soy oil negative and sensitive, especially on the demand of soy oil. As China's population is still increasing, the increase in China's per capital income and sluggish prices in the China's soybean market mean that China's soybean demand will increase, and with it, more dependence on import.
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  • Ryohei HASEGAWA
    Article type: Working Paper
    2003 Volume 12 Issue 2 Pages 95-98
    Published: December 31, 2003
    Released on J-STAGE: March 30, 2019
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    The dairy industry has seen progress following the SNOW BRAND food poisoning incident. Reorganization had progressed and the structure of huge dairy industry predominance has strengthened. Under such conditions, small businesses have been placed in difficult circumstances. However, aspects of quality control based on HACCP has been adopted as a positive business strategy, and are a means of helping small businesses. This paper is based on examination of three small businesses. It was found that no company is currently organizing a quality plan only by HACCP; high quality milk and a closed market results from constructing partnerships with a dairy farmer. This is an advantage of the small business, which for the big business is difficult.
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  • Masashi MORIE
    Article type: Working Paper
    2003 Volume 12 Issue 2 Pages 99-102
    Published: December 31, 2003
    Released on J-STAGE: March 30, 2019
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    In Japan, a new beef Quality Control and Assurance system is characterized by DNA testing which, through DNA sampling, can trace a beef back to its distribution channel. This will help enable the top-brand beefs to raise brand strength in individual items by prevention of misbranding. There is a good possibility that the Quality Control and Assurance system will reform the system of production and distribution in producing area, which is not unclear with regard to a product concept. However, the identification cut of a single animal in an industrial cutting plant is possible, but expensive, and development of the Quality Control and Assurance system at retail stores is not easy as it requires a new product management and hard-software facilities in order to make easy product identification. Thus, ultimately the Quality Control and Assurance may increase the final product cost.
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  • Weihong LI
    Article type: Working Paper
    2003 Volume 12 Issue 2 Pages 103-106
    Published: December 31, 2003
    Released on J-STAGE: March 30, 2019
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Recently, two different routes of rice distribution channels have been observed in China: one conducted under government management and the other following the market function. This paper points out that, despite the numerous problems which are necessary to solve, these different rice distributions channels are leading to a diversification of the rice market in China.
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  • Hongmei WANG
    Article type: Working Paper
    2003 Volume 12 Issue 2 Pages 107-110
    Published: December 31, 2003
    Released on J-STAGE: March 30, 2019
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    With the development of a market economy in China, new problems regarding agricultural land-use have been emerging. On these problems includes the scattering and dispersing of a farmer's cultivated land, the increasing conversion of farmland to non-agricultural land use with urbanization and the stagnation of farmland use right mobility. In response to these problems, taken at the farmer's level, use of a "Private Land-use Contract" is increasing. According to results of regression analysis, it has been confirmed that farm incomes, farmland rent, and farm labor force are major factors which affect the rates of "Private Land-use Contract" use in Heilongjiang Province.
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  • Bing CAO
    Article type: Working Paper
    2003 Volume 12 Issue 2 Pages 111-114
    Published: December 31, 2003
    Released on J-STAGE: March 30, 2019
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    There was a great change of the distribution structure of dry shiitake mushroom in the early of 1990s in China, whereby dry shiitake mushroom wholesale stores were separated from general wholesale stores. A case study analysis of Shanghai, considering the formation factors and distribution functions of dry shiitake mushroom wholesale store, is presented in this paper. The important points include the market advance of self-service supermarkets and the classification and new shipment packing conditions demanded of wholesalers. Because general stores could not respond to risk and funding problems, packing wholesale stores appeared. Following this, the number of wholesale packing stores increased together with the development of supermarkets. Dry shiitake mushroom packing wholesale stores do not just bear the central distribution function, but also commodity preparation function, delivery function, information collection and communication function; that is to say, bearing additional distribution function which is not borne by general wholesale stores is the characteristic of dry shiitake mushroom wholesale stores.
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  • Harutomo KOIKE-AIHARA
    Article type: Working Paper
    2003 Volume 12 Issue 2 Pages 115-118
    Published: December 31, 2003
    Released on J-STAGE: March 30, 2019
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    The objective of this paper is to clarify the present situation of raw milk marketing by Hokuren, a raw milk marketing institution in Hokkaido. While the dairy products market is deregulated, the price of skim milk powder has not decreased, even though skim milk powder is overproduced. As Hokuren is a major sellor of milk used in manufactured dairy products, it is important to increase the demand of skim milk powder. Hokuren actively sells classified raw milk, with increasing shipments to Honshu. Zenno buys skim milk powder from manufacturers, and sells it to the user. Hokuren makes up for the loss of buying and selling.
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  • Liyuan LI
    Article type: Working Paper
    2003 Volume 12 Issue 2 Pages 119-122
    Published: December 31, 2003
    Released on J-STAGE: March 30, 2019
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Since the late 1990s,China's domestic wheat supply has been faced surplus conditions due to overproduction and the volume of wheat import has rapidly decreased. However, supply of high quality special wheat is still insufficient to meet the expanding domestic demand in China's wheat market. As a consequence, production of high quality special wheat is being increased significantly in China. But, compared with imported wheat, the quality and uniformity of China's high quality special wheat is obviously lower than imported wheat. This article outlines the supply and demand trends of high quality special wheat in China, the background which led to its low quality and the competition between domestic and import wheat.
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  • Keiji TOMITA
    Article type: Working Paper
    2003 Volume 12 Issue 2 Pages 123-126
    Published: December 31, 2003
    Released on J-STAGE: March 30, 2019
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    In recent years, problem concerning food have occurred with increasing frequency and consumers are calling for safety and relibility. Thus policies for the maintaining safety and relibility are expected as the policy of both national and local governments. Efforts in securing safety and relibility depend on the prefecture establishing institutional recognition systems. Thirty-nine prefectures enforce institutional recognition systems supporting decresed use of agricultural chemicals. As for the purposes of the institutional recognition systems, improvement of product reliability, ensuring the supply of safe and relible farm products, and establishing brands are main. Institutional recognition systems are established in forms according to the situation of the producer and the consumer in the area. In areas where they have been established, policies maintining the safety and relibility of food have emerged in recent years.
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  • Mitsuyoshi KISHIGAMI, Toshio ONISHI, Takehiro FUJITA
    Article type: Working Paper
    2003 Volume 12 Issue 2 Pages 127-130
    Published: December 31, 2003
    Released on J-STAGE: March 30, 2019
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    The purposes of this paper are to clarify the significance of the restructuring of co-operative shipment organizations by farmhouse initiative and consider future problems. The analysis case is Nishiyoshino Kaki Shipment Organization in the Naraken Agricultural Cooperative. The main conclusions of this paper summarized as follows: 1) In the Nishiyoshino Kaki Shipment Organization, the selecting harvest field was integrated by the farmhouse initiative, and the management by the shipment organization was carried out with consultation and consciousness unity by the shippers. 2) In the selecting harvest field, the improvement of the quality and a shipment increase has been realized by establishment of a security money system and improvement on the fare adjustment system. In addition, in becoming a center, the shipment organization has developed production and sales promotion which emphasized consumer needs. 3) Future problems include system makings for the shipment adjustment and expansion of the sales network.
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  • Takafumi KOIZUMI, Kazutsugu OSHIMA
    Article type: Working Paper
    2003 Volume 12 Issue 2 Pages 131-134
    Published: December 31, 2003
    Released on J-STAGE: March 30, 2019
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Changed crops and different products by using pheromones under the control of JA Aawaji-shima are realized in the island of Awaji island. Cultivation of decreasing pesticide is realized by using a principal of villages for agricultural cooperatives and subsidies from administrations and JA Awaji-shima. Price of vegetables for cultivation of decreasing pesticide are higher than price of vegetables for habitual cultivation. Because their vegetables are safe. And they are trusted because they are saved by traceability-system. Thus supplmented safety by saving trust is a cause of diferentiation.
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  • Shigeru OOKI
    Article type: Working Paper
    2003 Volume 12 Issue 2 Pages 135-138
    Published: December 31, 2003
    Released on J-STAGE: March 30, 2019
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Livestock sanchoku (direct transactions between consumers and producers) in cooperatives are losing their important features as a result of the difficulty of coordinating supply and demand, marketing in the livestock industry, problems resulting from the externalization of supply and demand coordinate functions, and the difficulty of obtaining information due to the increasingly large size of livestock farms. In order to address these problems, the livestock sanchoku must determine which functions must be externalized and which functions must be performed internally, and coop must be established to undertake business responsibility. This can be achieved by increasing the information gathering capabilities of livestock farms, and improvement of business operating ability in the cooperatives.
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