The purpose of this paper is to study the relation between the transformation of wholesalemarket and the marketing behavior of domestic producing areas under the reorganization of the fruit and vegetable market system. The characteristics of recent changes in marketing behavior within domestic producing areas are as follows: 1) KEIZAIREN (prefectural economic federations of agricultural cooperatives) and agricultural cooperatives have been selecting the wholesaler. 2) KEIZAIREN, agricultural cooperatives and farmers have an inclination towards direct selling to retailers and consumers. 3) The background of these behaviors has been to aim at a reproducible price for the survival of the domestic producing areas and farmers. These behaviors are indicitive of the competition between wholesalers and the changing wholesalemarket transactions and the conflict between domestic producing areas and wholesalemarkets that are now growing. But, the conflict between the stocking of supermarket and the wholesalemarkets or the domestic producing areas under the reorganization of market system initiated by supermarket. Therefore, an importance is placed on the reconstruction of the relationship between domestic producing areas and wholesalemarkets.

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The present system of the wholesale market consists of two principles. The first one is the auction principle. The second one is the public establishment principle. Regarding the auction principle, some people insist that the auction principle must be abolished because of the expanding big distribution systems. Now, at wholesale markets, the main trading system is an advance ordering system. This system is for big retail stores, if middlemen buy goods by auction, they sell to big retail stores by the advance ordering system. Then, the principle of buying by unconditional trusting is now under falling apart from the retailers side. Regarding the public establishment principle, though no one has a negative opinion, it is very difficult to have a big distribution center by one's own capital, because the price of land is very expensive in Japan. And it is very difficult to find another system, because of so many kinds of goods are concentrated in the wholesale market. People, using the public established wholesale market, must observe fair trade between the goods sending party and the retail group, in other words, a fair principle policy. This principle works against the profit-making of big retail stores because it takes precedence over their selling of goods. The reason why the central wholesale market law, enacted in 1923, changed to the wholesale market law, is the advancement of big retail stores. That wholesale market law, though, became far from the actual state of trading. In essence, the turning point of the system of the wholesale market is moving toward revising the trading rule to the advantage of the big distribution organizations within the publicly established wholesale market. But, this moving contains big contradictions and difficulties.

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Until the 1980s', the distribution rate of the meat wholesale market in Korea was kept comparatively high by virtue of the wholesale market oriented policy of the Korean government. But recently, it has been decreasing due to the relaxation of restrictions on the quasi-wholesale market (1985), the resumption of beef imports (1988) and conversion of the meat distribution policy (early 1990s'). The aim of this paper is to clarify the future direction of the meat wholesale market in the reorganization process of the meat distribution structure in Korea. To achieve this end, the following subjects are considered in this paper: (1) to analyze the formation & development process of the meat wholesale market in Korea; (2) to scrutinize the act regulating the wholesale market system in order that we may take a bird's-eye view of the wholesale market system in Korea; (3) to analyze the influence of the distribution policy upon the wholesale market's function through a case study; and (4) to clarify the future direction of the meat wholesale market.

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With the economic development beef production in Korea has been increasing. But the local beef production is not sufficient to meet the domestic demand. Trade liberalization in Korea will start from the year 2001. It is expected that trade liberalization will have an effect on domestic beef production in Korea. Beef distribution in Korea has been changed. Under the new policy, National Livestock Operatives Federation's beef sale shops have been sold only Korean beef species. It started three years before. After the establishment of National Livestock Operatives Federation's beef sale shop, consumers began to get beef at a fair price. This paper will focus on the Korean beef distribution system as a means to clarify both the Korean beef policy and the function of the National Livestock Operative Federation's beef sale shop.

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The focus of this paper is the study of reorganization of the Japanese food processing industry and the processed foods market as it relates to the current increase in structural changes under the WTO system. There are three points under study in this paper. The first is a hollowing out of Japanese food processing industries by the increase in investment dollars being drawn overseas into China and East Asia by the growth of multinationals. The second is the relation between the food goods producers and food goods distributors, where-by the distribution chain members hold the buying-power, obtained through vertical integration. The third is the situation where-in, through the CAC international-harmonization efforts, the governments of the various countries are swayed towards accommodating the interests of the agribusiness sector in international standards regulation mitigation. However, at the same time, there is also a situation in which international standards are tightening to maintain a certain level of safety and quality among such value added goods. Upon such does the Japanese food processing industry and processed foods market reorganization depend.

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[in Japanese]

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