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Volume 51, Issue 1
Displaying 1-20 of 20 articles from this issue
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Yukihiko SERISAWA, Hideki AKINO, Yasutsugu YOKOHAMA2003 Volume 51 Issue 1 Pages 1-6
Published: March 20, 2003
Released on J-STAGE: March 09, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe relationships between age and morphology of Ecklonia cava Kjellman (Laminariales, Phaeophyta) sporophytes were studied seasonally in 1997 in a population in Nabeta Bay, Shimoda, central Japan. Samples were collected from within random quadrats. Based on measurement of the growth rings, Ecklonia cava sporophytes were aged from <1 y old to a small number of 5 y olds. The mean values of stipe length ranged 1.0 cm (<1 y olds) -98.8 cm (4 y olds), stipe diameter: 1.4 mm (<1 y olds) -21.6mm (4 y olds), primary blade width: 3.0cm (<1 y olds) -13.7 cm (4 y olds), longest bladelet length: 1.3 cm (<1 y olds) -61.8cm (4 y olds) and number of bladelets: 1 (<1 y olds) -32 (3 y olds) . The values of these morphological variables mostly increased with age in each season. In contrast, the mean values of primary blade length were 6.3 cm (< 1 y olds) -29.3 cm (1 y olds) but did not increase with age in each season. All the biometric parameters overlapped with each age group and they did not separate clearly.View full abstractDownload PDF (668K) -
Akinori DAN, Akira HIROSAWA, Kenji MAKINO, Masao OHNO, Masahiro NOTOYA2003 Volume 51 Issue 1 Pages 7-14
Published: March 20, 2003
Released on J-STAGE: March 09, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSSurvival conditions of young Enteromorpha was investigated to establish a low temperature storage method of its culture nets. In the optimum storage conditions, seeded culture nets can be stored for 6 months under the conditions of 5-10°C without illumination (dark treatment) . In this case, a storage medium is not necessary when contained in moist conditions and smaller sized thalli showed better survival and growth after storage. To confirm these laboratory results, a field experiment was carried out using the low temperature storage culture nets in the Enteromorpha cultivation ground, Yoshino River southern Japan. The culture nets with young Enteromorpha (reproductive cells after seeding and thalli of 1.7, 3.4, 15.5, 64.0mm lengths) were put into vinyl bags, sealed up and kept for 41-49 days at the refrigeration temperature (5°C) . As a result of the cultivation examination, reproductive cells and young thalli of 1.7, 3.4mm length on the culture net grew successfully, but the larger sized thalli showed no growth. Based on the above results, we are able to show the optimum storage method of culture nets for Enteromorpha prolifera.View full abstractDownload PDF (9188K) -
Yuuki KITADAI, Shusaku KADOWAKI2003 Volume 51 Issue 1 Pages 15-23
Published: March 20, 2003
Released on J-STAGE: March 09, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThis experiment was carried out to estimate biological water purification by cultured Laminaria japonica influenced upon light intensity, dissolved inorganic nutrients and water temperature. Samples of Laminaria japonica were cultured in coastal fish farms from December, 2000 to July, 2001. Blade length and blade width reached to 160-250 cm and 7-10 cm in enlargement phase from January to April, respectively. Wet weight reached to 100-190 g in substantialization phase from May to June. N, P average contents reached to 4.4 mg N/g dry and 0.74 mg P/g dry on June, respectively. N, P maximum uptake rates in enlargement and substantialization phase were 1.2 mg N/m2/day, 0.23 mg P/m2/day and 2.9 mg N/m2/day, 0.43 mg P/m2/day, respectively. Michaelis-Menten's constants of N, P uptake rates in enlargement and substantialization phase were l8 μg N/l, 3.9 μg P/l and 29, μg N/l, 8.7, μg P/l, respectively. Downward irradiance at the N, P maximum uptake rates in enlargement and substantialization phase were 1, 020 μmol/m2/s and 720 μmol/m2/s, respectively. Uptake rates of N and P at 20°C were 2.0 mg N/m2/day and 0.32 mg P/m2/day, respectively. Water temperature coefficients of N, P uptake rates were 1.071 and 1.062, respectively.View full abstractDownload PDF (1350K) -
Masashi YOKOTA, Tomoyuki NAKAMURA, Seiichi WATANABE, Satoshi TAKAHASHI2003 Volume 51 Issue 1 Pages 25-29
Published: March 20, 2003
Released on J-STAGE: March 09, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSPopulation size of commercially important freshwater fish is affected considerably by harvesting strategies. Because freshwater fish inhabiting small rivers in Japan lack space in their habitat, their populations may be maintained by particularly effective harvesting management methods. Using an age-structured population dynamics model including life history characteristics of the Japanese Charr Salvelinus leucomaenis, we compared the performance of different harvesting strategies with constant total catch. Harvesting strategies addressed here are: (I) harvesting of older fish, (II) harvesting of randomly selected fish, and (III) harvesting of younger fish from limited total length up for fishing. The model also structured two carrying capacities according to age (carrying capacity in the O+ age class: K0, and that of age classes over 1+: K1) . Strategy (III) resulted in the largest maximum yield for sustainable fish population. That of strategy (II) ranked second and strategy (I) resulted in the lowest maximum yield for sustainable fish population. The order above was not affected by variable combination of two carrying capacities. This simulation demonstrates that conservation of older fish is the most effective harvesting method under conditions of this model.View full abstractDownload PDF (918K) -
Taiga YODO, Kei'ichiro IGUCHI2003 Volume 51 Issue 1 Pages 31-34
Published: March 20, 2003
Released on J-STAGE: March 09, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSNine broods of smallmouth bass offspring were observed and collected in the Nogu River, Nagano Prefecture. It was also observed that a paternal fish cared for the offspring in one brood. This is the first record of smallmouth bass reproduction in Japanese streams.
The mean standard lengths of offspring ranged from 9.8 to 22.8 mm in each brood. Current velocities were measured at interval of ca. 75 cm from 6 to 10 sites across the stream adjacent to the location of each brood. Maximum current velocities that the offspring can swim against the current ranged from 3.2 to 61.1 cm/s adjacent to the location of each brood. Their distribution extended to areas with faster currents with their growth, and youngest larvae (flexion larval stage) were limited to areas with slow currents. It seems that slow current areas are necessary for smallmouth bass spawning.
A significantly higher ratio of smallmouth bass to largemouth bass occurs in the Nogu River than in Lake Kizaki indicating that smallmouth bass have a higher adaptability to the environment of Japanese stream. This indicates that smallmouth bass can readily establish and may disturb Japanese stream ecosystems.View full abstractDownload PDF (526K) -
Kazuhisa TERUYA, Katsuyuki HAMASAKI, Hiroyuki TAKEUCHI2003 Volume 51 Issue 1 Pages 35-40
Published: March 20, 2003
Released on J-STAGE: March 09, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSRelationship between the mouth size of hatchery-reared juveniles of the coral trout, Plectropomus leopardus and the maximum body size of the damselfish, Chromis viridis preyed on by the coral trout was investigated in the laboratory. Ten to 20 coral trout juveniles (TL range, 83-224 mm) and 60 damselfish (TL range, 9-75 mm) were stocked in a tank for two to five days, and the maximum body size of damselfish preyed on by the coral trout was estimated by measuring the total length of damselfish. Furthermore, the relationship between the total length and the maximum mouth size (vertical and horizontal internal dimensions) of coral trout and between the total length and the body height or width of the prey damselfish were examined. Coral trout captured damselfish by the head, and held the damselfish horizontally in its mouth before swallowing it whole. The mouth size of coral trout increased with increasing total length. The maximum body width of the damselfish preyed on by the coral trout was much smaller than the vertical height of coral trout mouth, while the maximum body height approximated to or was less than the horizontal width of the mouth. Consequently, it is considered that the horizontal width of mouth was the limiting factor for coral trout to prey on damselfish.View full abstractDownload PDF (839K) -
Tadashi KITANO, Rui HATAKEYAMA, Nobuhiko AKIYAMA, Shinpei UENO2003 Volume 51 Issue 1 Pages 41-48
Published: March 20, 2003
Released on J-STAGE: March 09, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSWe investigated seasonal change in ovarian maturation of the flathead goby, Luciogobius guttatus in the Nishiurakouchi River estuary alongthe northern Suruga Bay. Many female flathead gobies at vitellogenic phase with high gonad-somatic indices (GSI) were found during autumn through the spring (from late-October through mid-April), however, the females at resting or atretic phase with low GSI, dominated during the rest of the year (from late-April through early-October) .Thus, the female flathead gobies were found to undergo two distinct reproduction phases in a year.
We reared female individuals of the species at four different water temperatures of 10°C, 15°C, 20°C and 25°C.The GSI in the females of resting phase collected before the breeding season were heightened significantly (p<0.05) after they were kept at10°C and 15°C and consequently some of them entered into vitellogenic phase.Conversely, the GSI in the females of vitellogenic phase collected during the breeding season, were lowered significantly (p<0.05) after they were kept in water temperature of 25°C and consequently they entered into atretic phase. These findings indicate that temperature of about 20°C is a determinant of the ovarian maturation in the flat-head goby, by stimulating development with the dropping in water temperature to about 20°C and deterioration in the activity of ovary above this temperature during resting and vitellogenic phases respectively.View full abstractDownload PDF (8523K) -
Yasushi TSUCHIHASHI, Isao KURIYAMA, Yoshimi KUROMIYA, Masaaki KASHIWAG ...2003 Volume 51 Issue 1 Pages 49-54
Published: March 20, 2003
Released on J-STAGE: March 09, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSSurvival Activity Index (SAT) was measured to judge the activity of the larvae in the mass production of seedlings process of sevenband grouper, Epinephelus septemfasciatus. SAT was examined for the effects of the water temperature, illumination and feed oil addition to the breeding water for the purpose of survival rate improvement of larvae and juveniles of Epinephelus septemfasciatus. A clear correlation was recognized between SAI and the survival rates at the time of mouth opening (r=0.862, p<0.01) . SAT was concluded as an effective index of the activity of the larvae. As for the larval survival rate at 10 days after hatching larvae reared at 25.0°C had a higher survival rate than the natural water temperature (19.5-20.5°C) in the water temperature examination. The 24 hour continuous lighting treatment was higher than the natural day lighting treatment in the lighting examination. The addition treatment was higher than the non-addition treatment in the feed oil addition examination. Survival rate at 10 days after hatching in the mass production of seedling produced larvae showing higher SAT values (>10) in these good conditions was 36.4-68.7%. This is about 2 times higher than the 11.7-35.0% reported from other seed seedling production establishments.View full abstractDownload PDF (957K) -
Naoshi MAKINO, Yutaka MATUMARU, Masaru TANAKA2003 Volume 51 Issue 1 Pages 55-64
Published: March 20, 2003
Released on J-STAGE: March 09, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe egg incubation of the Japanese sea bass, Lateolabrax japonicus was conducted at 40 different temperature-salinity combinations ranging from 5 to 25°C and from0 to 67.6PSU. The effects were evaluated by incubation time for reaching a certain developmental stage, percentages of total hatch, viable hatch and anomalous hatch, and egg density. Hatch occurred at temperature ranging from10 and 20°C, and at salinity range of 8.7 to 49.2PSU.
Maximum total and viable hatch occured at 15°C-33.8PSU. Analysis of variance for percentages of totall hatch, viable hatch and anomalous hatch indicated a possible interaction between temperature and salinity.
Time for reaching each developmental stage to hatching was negatively related to temperature, and the relationship was expressed by two straight lines which intersected at 15°C. Since Q10 and μ, values of temperature characteristics, were higher at lower temperatures. Analysis of variance for incubation time to finish of hatching eggs also indicated a possible interaction between temperature and salinity. The most sensitive stage to temperature and salinity was the period between gastrula stage and stage of optic-vescicle formation which were determined by stage when mortality occured.
Egg densities during the period between 2-cell stage and hatching under an optimum temperature-salinity combination were estimated between 1.0202 to 1.0222. Eggs incubated at salinity 25.8 PSU became buoyant at late gastrula stage and buoyancy was more evident after blastopore closure, suggesting osmoregulation became functional.View full abstractDownload PDF (1484K) -
Katsuyuki HAMASAKI, Kazuhisa TERUYA, Hiroyuki TAKEUCHI2003 Volume 51 Issue 1 Pages 65-71
Published: March 20, 2003
Released on J-STAGE: March 09, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThis study was conducted to examine the starvation tolerance and food intake under starved conditions of hatchery-reared juveniles of coral trout, Plectropomus leopardus in the laboratory. Under starved conditions at 27.9°C (mean temp.), mean value of the number of days (n=50) up to death was 54, 91 and 85 days for coral trout of ca. 50 mm, 85 mm and 145 mm in standard length, respectively. Furthermore, the condition factor and visceral and liver weight indices of coral trout more rapidly decreased in the juveniles of a smaller body size. Therefore, the starvation tolerance of the coral trout is considered to be higher in lager sized juveniles. Juveniles in three body size groups (ca. 80 mm, 145 mm and 180 mm SL) were stocked in three tanks without feeding at 28.2°C (mean temp.), and 10 juveniles from each body size group after different starvation periods were fed with damselfish, Chromis viridis (ca. 10-77 mm in total length) . As a result, prey consumption of the coral trout increased with increasing starvation period. We consider that the low amount of prey consumption during the early starvation period is due to handling stress, which is body measurements at the beginning of each feeding experiment, and the prey consumption increases with increasing feeding demand depending on the degree of reduction of stored energy during starvation.View full abstractDownload PDF (1131K) -
Syozo YAMAMOTO, Yoshihiro FUJII, Mamoru MURATA2003 Volume 51 Issue 1 Pages 73-80
Published: March 20, 2003
Released on J-STAGE: March 09, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThis paper describes the diurnal changes of feeding activity and daily food consumption in Ayu larvae ranging from 7.5 to 19.7 mm in total length (TL) . Diurnal changes of feeding activity were examined by counting the number of food organisms in the gut of larvae sampled every hour, and daily food consumption was estimated using the method of Elliott and Persson.
Ayu larvae ingested food organisms only during the daytime, and the feeding activity showed a diurnal change with two peaks at dawn and dusk. Ayu larvae ingested nearly half of the daily food consumption during the 4 hours of dawn and dusk. The daily food consumption of the larvae increased remarkably during the early phase of transformation to juvenile. On the other hand, the rate of daily food consumption (daily food intake/body weight) decreased rapidly from a maximum of 104.4% at TL 7.7 mm to 33.6% at TL 20 mm.
The present study in the laboratory suggests that Ayu larvae in the wild may have two critical periods of potential food shortage; at the time immediately after hatching and at the early phase of transformation to juvenile when the food demand increases remarkably.View full abstractDownload PDF (1338K) -
Eri SETIADI, Seiichi TSUMURA, Kosaku YAMAOKA2003 Volume 51 Issue 1 Pages 81-85
Published: March 20, 2003
Released on J-STAGE: March 09, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe effects of water color and light intensity on water surface tension-related deaths in the prelarval stage of the red-spotted grouper, Epinephelus akaara, were examined using larvae from 2 to 7 days after hatching. ANOVA showed significant differences in deaths related to surface tension in the experiment involving an absence of an oil film at differing light intensities. Significant differences were found only in the following pair-wise comparison 10000 lx versus 1000 and 500 lx, where 500 lx had smaller deaths. ANOVA showed significant differences of water surface tension-related deaths both in regard to water color and light intensity. Pair-wise comparisons of water color showed significant differences between yellow versus red, and green versus red waters, and red water showed smaller deaths. Pair-wise comparisons for light intensity showed significant differences between 10000 lx versus 2000, 1000, and 500 lx, 3000 lx versus 1000 and 500 lx, 2000 lx versus 500lx. Exposure to higher light intensity increased the number of surface deaths both in the water color and absence of oil experiments. No deaths were found in the experiment involving oil film. Regardless of light intensity, red color was shown to be effective in reducing the number of surface deaths.View full abstractDownload PDF (668K) -
Kenji TAKII, Manabu SEOKA, Takahiro FUKUDA, Ho KAKU, Akira WAKATSUKI, ...2003 Volume 51 Issue 1 Pages 87-92
Published: March 20, 2003
Released on J-STAGE: March 09, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDietary protein and sugar levels to obtain reasonable growth performance were assayed on a new backcross sea bream (RF1), red sea bream Pagrus major _??_×F1 (red sea bream_??_×crimson sea bream Evynnis japonica _??_) _??_. The fish, having an initial mean body weight of 32 g, in duplicate aquaria were respectively fed on six diets combining two levels of protein (P40% and P48%) against three levels of sugar (S23%, S27%, and S30%), under a daily energy intake of 6.7 kcal/100 g for 73 days. No significant differences among the dietary treatments were obtained in survival, final body weight, hematological character, relative hepatopancreas and intestinal organ weight to body weight, and carcass crude protein and ash contents. While significantly high relative gastral organ weight to body weight, carcass moisture and crude lipid contents, and hepatopancreatic crude lipid contents appeared in some dietary groups, there was not a fixed trend that was resulted in differences among the dietary treatments. High apparent protein and lipid retentions were respectively obtained in the groups fed P40%·S27% diet and P48%·S27% diets. These indicate that the RF1 can efficiently utilize a diet with lower P40% and higher S27%, as compared with red sea bream desiring a diet with P50% and S10%.View full abstractDownload PDF (872K) -
Koh-ichi SATOH2003 Volume 51 Issue 1 Pages 93-99
Published: March 20, 2003
Released on J-STAGE: March 09, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSTwo feeding trials were conducted to examine the effects of supplement with krill extract (KE) and krill meal (KM) to formula feed on the growth performance and protein digestibility of yellowtail, Seriola quinqueradiata during low temperature season.
Generally, the daily growth rates in fish fed KE and KM supplemented diets were 1.10-1.15 and 1.15 times respectively higher than in fish fed unsupplemented diet, while the feed efficiencies in fish fed these supplemented diets were 1.07-1.09 and 1.23 times respectively higher than in fish fed the unsupplemented diet. However, there were not any differences in daily feeding rate. Apparent protein digestibilities of KE and KM supplemented diets were higher than unsupplemented diet in yellowtail. The activity of trypsin from pyloric caeca was markedly higher in fish fed KE supplemented diet, during 2 to 12 hours after feeding.
These results indicate that the supplement with KE and KM to diet might enhance the digestion of feed, and improve the growth and feed efficiency of yellowtail during periods of low temperature.View full abstractDownload PDF (962K) -
Kenzo YOSEDA, Kimio ASAMI, Maiko FUKUMOTO, Sachi TAKAIRA, Yuko KUROKAW ...2003 Volume 51 Issue 1 Pages 101-108
Published: March 20, 2003
Released on J-STAGE: March 09, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSEffects of two types of rotifer Brachionus rotundiformis, common S-type (Lorica length mean 169μm) and small S-type of Thai strains (Thai-type, mean LL 145μm), on first feeding success and post-first-feeding survival in a mass seed production scale of coral trout, Plectropomus leopardus larvae were investigated. Two 60 kl concrete tanks were used for the experiment: one contained S-type and the other Thai-type rotifer of which densities were maintained at 15 ind./ml. The experiment was repeated twice. In the 2nd trial, one additional tank was prepared as a negative control fed Thai-type rotifer under 24 hrs darkness. The larvae started feeding since 3 days after hatching (DAH) and the experiment was finished 5 DAH. The larvae were sampled every 2 hrs to examine feeding incidence and the gut contents between 5 am and 11 pm on 3-4 DAH. In both 1st and 2nd trials of the time attained more than 50% average feeding incidence of the larvae was two hours faster in Thai-type rotifer feeding tanks than in S-type rotifer tanks on the first feeding day (3DAH) . The average rotifer number eaten by a larva was significantly higher in the former tank than the latter on 3 DAH. On the contrary, negative control tank showed the lowest feeding incidence and lowest number of rotifer in the gut. Survival rate on 5 DAH was higher in Thai-type rotifer tank than in S-type one in both trials. These results suggested that Thai-type rotifer is recommended from the viewpoint of first feeding success and the following survival. Tryptic activity was clearly noticed just after the first feeding of larvae fed Thai-type and S-type rotifer.View full abstractDownload PDF (1279K) -
Hozi IWATANI, Masahiro ATSUMI, Yurie KURA, Hiroko SASAKI2003 Volume 51 Issue 1 Pages 109-115
Published: March 20, 2003
Released on J-STAGE: March 09, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSTwo feeding experiments were conducted to examine the effects of enriched rotifers with Chlorella regularis or frozen Nannochloropsis oculata, and or DHA-enriched Euglena gyacilis on four-spinesculpin larvae. There was no difference in the growth between all experiments. However the survival rate at 60th day after hatching in the group fed on rotifers enriched with C. regularis was lower (P<0.05) than that fed on rotifers enriched with DHA-enriched E. gracilis containing a higher level of DHA, the survival rate fed on rotifers enriched with the frozen N. oculata was the same as that fed on rotifers enriched with DHA-enriched E. gyacilis. As to the larvae fed on rotifers enriched with C. regularis, their developments of the skeleton were the latest, and the highest percentage occurrences of deformity in dorsal and anal proximal radial were detected. In conclusion, it became distinct that the rotifers enriched with DHA or EPA were effective in the seeding production of four-spine sculpin.View full abstractDownload PDF (3047K) -
Kazuhiro HARADA, Masahiko SUGINO2003 Volume 51 Issue 1 Pages 117-118
Published: March 20, 2003
Released on J-STAGE: March 09, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSConcentrated Nannochloyopsis oculata (50-150×108 cells/ml) by filtration is generally used in facilities for seedling production. The methods of cold preservation for the mass of concentrated N. oculata with the ability to multiply are by generally keeping them in cold storage with aerating or stirring in the tank, or keeping them stationary. But these methods have some problems, that aerating or stirring in the cold storage require apparatus to do this, and keeping stationary can't preserve N. oculata with an ability to multiply over the long-term. In this study the effects of cold preservation (at 8°C, keeping stationary) on the subsequent growth ability after various periods of time (up to and in excess of 100 days) of two different concentrations of N. oculata were compared. The densities of the concentrated N.oculata used were 100-130×108 cells/ml and 900-1, 000×108 cells/ml. In this study the highly concentrated N. oculata samples (900-1, 000×108 cells/ml) retained the ability to multiply over the long-term more than the other samples. These results indicate that highly concentrated N. oculata can be preserved with an ability to multiply after preservation in cold conditions over the long-term (100+days), and that concentrating to a thicker solution with the removal of more moisture than now in use (50-150×108 cells/ml) is more effective.View full abstractDownload PDF (404K) -
Kazunari SHIRAISHI2003 Volume 51 Issue 1 Pages 119-120
Published: March 20, 2003
Released on J-STAGE: March 09, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSMany scientific papers and reports state that the spotted halibut, Verasper variegatus, preys on crustaceans selectively, and the oral organs are formed suitably for taking crustaceans creeping along the bottom surface. In Shizugawa Bay, we are tracing released halibuts which were artificially produced and reared. To study the feeding habit of the halibut, prey items found in their stomachs were investigated, and the sipunchroid, Sipunculus nudus, was found to be the main prey item. This result shows that the halibut preys on various species available, including sipunchroids.View full abstractDownload PDF (356K) -
Masanobu MATSUOKA2003 Volume 51 Issue 1 Pages 121-122
Published: March 20, 2003
Released on J-STAGE: March 09, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe development of the inter-nostril epidermis in artificially reared red sea bream, Pagrus major, was examined in the case of the epidermal deformity occurring at a relatively low rate (12.2%) . Development of the inter-nostril epidermis was divided into four stages (A-D) . The transformation from A (no inter-nostril epidermis) to B stage occurred at about 7.5 mm TL. The shift from B to C stage arosed at about 10-11 mm TL. Most of C stage specimens changed to D stage (completion of the inter-nostril epidermis) after about 11 mm. Transformation sizes recognized in this study were smaller than those of previous reports.View full abstractDownload PDF (321K) -
Ryuichiro SENO, Naotsugu HATA, Takeshi OYAMATSU, Hideo FUKUDA2003 Volume 51 Issue 1 Pages 123-124
Published: March 20, 2003
Released on J-STAGE: March 09, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe mortality of carp infected with carp edema virus (CEV) was considerably reduced when infected fish were immersed in 0.5% saline, although CEV infectivity sufficient to kill the host remained. Increased hematocrit value and decreased plasma osmolality of CEV infected fish reverted rapidly to normal levels after the initiation of salt water treatment. Thus, the curative effect of salt water treatment in CEV infected fish results from an improvement in the physiological conditions of the host.View full abstractDownload PDF (397K)
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