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Volume 28, Issue 5
Displaying 1-11 of 11 articles from this issue
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Yoshie HARADA1988 Volume 28 Issue 5 Pages 219-223
Published: September 25, 1988
Released on J-STAGE: May 25, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe motile proteins of actin and myosin construct a biological machine in which chemical energy is very efficiently converted to mechanical energy, as seen typically in muscle contraction. As a result, a major goal of biophysicists has been to describe the mechanism of this energy transduction process in molecular terms, as first outlined by A.F. Huxley. Recent developments of methods to observe individual molecular motions by video-fluorescence microscopy and in vitro movement assays have accelerated progress in this field. Combining these techniques, we have studied on the elementary process of the actomyosin energy transduction.View full abstractDownload PDF (1937K) -
Tatsuo OOI1988 Volume 28 Issue 5 Pages 224-230
Published: September 25, 1988
Released on J-STAGE: May 25, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe driving forces to fold a nascent polypeptide chain from the random coil to the native conformation discussed so far have been intramolecular interactions between constituent atoms against the entropy of the chain favorable for the random state. Since the accessible surface area of the native packed conformation is much less than that of the random coil, hydration free energy is expected to be favorable for the random coil. Utilizing the linear relationships between thermodynamic quantities and accessible surface area of atomic groups in a protein, the quantities associated with hydration could be evaluated quantitatively. Furthermore, chain enthalpy and entropy in vacuum originated from intramolecular interactions and flexibility of the chain could be estimated from thermodynamic quantities of hydration upon unfolding, and experimental values of transition temperature and unfolding enthalpy on 12 proteins of known three-dimensional structure. The results show that a large hydration free energy compensates a large chain free energy, resulting in a small unfolding free energy. Thus, hydrated water around a protein molecule plays an essential role in the stabilization of the protein conformation.View full abstractDownload PDF (1537K) -
Tatsuya HAGA1988 Volume 28 Issue 5 Pages 231-235
Published: September 25, 1988
Released on J-STAGE: May 25, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSRecent advances in studies of muscarinic acetylcholine receptors including purification, determination of amino acid sequences, and interaction with GTP-binding regulatory proteins were reviewed.View full abstractDownload PDF (1541K) -
Tadashi NAKAMURA1988 Volume 28 Issue 5 Pages 236-239
Published: September 25, 1988
Released on J-STAGE: May 25, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSUsing ultramicro patch electrodes, we have shown that olfactory receptor cilia contain a cyclic nucleotide-gated ion channel which has low selectivity between monovalent cations and high sensitivity to divalent cations. Biochemical evidence of an odorant-activated adenylate cyclase supports the idea that this channel mediates olfactory transduction.View full abstractDownload PDF (637K) -
Yukio SUEZAKI, Keishiro SHIRAHAMA, Hiroshi KAMAYA, Issaku UEDA1988 Volume 28 Issue 5 Pages 240-245
Published: September 25, 1988
Released on J-STAGE: May 25, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe up-to-date studies of the molecular mechanism of the anesthesia are reviewed on the emphasis of the non-specific binding of the anesthetics on the lipid membranes. The anesthetic potency for various anesthetics is inversely proportional to the solubility to the olive oil. This fact is related to the depression of the phase transition temperature of lipid membranes caused by varius anesthetics. The effect of higher alcohols upon the phasetransition of lipid membranes is studied and the result is related to the disappearance of the anesthetic potency.View full abstractDownload PDF (755K) -
Kenji MATSUMOTO1988 Volume 28 Issue 5 Pages 246-249
Published: September 25, 1988
Released on J-STAGE: May 25, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSPlasmodia of true slime molds are considered as a system of interacting virtual oscillators. Using television camera and computer image processing, we can observe simultaneously the states of these oscillators. The response of the plasmodia to external stimulus, expressed as the relations between these oscillators, suggests that the collective dynamics of these oscillators plays an important role in the information processing.View full abstractDownload PDF (942K) -
Chieko WADA1988 Volume 28 Issue 5 Pages 250-254
Published: September 25, 1988
Released on J-STAGE: May 25, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSInitiation of F replication from ori2 depends on the plasmid-coded initiator (E protein) and other host proteins. We recently found two additional host gene products that control F replication. The rpoH gene product (σ32) is direcly involved in transcription of the repE gene encoding E protein, whereas the mafA gene product controls mini-F replication through interaction with the incC and probably incB regions. Control mechanism of initiation of F replication is reviewed.View full abstractDownload PDF (622K) -
Tatsuo NAKAYAMA1988 Volume 28 Issue 5 Pages 255-259
Published: September 25, 1988
Released on J-STAGE: May 25, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSWe have surveyed chromatin proteins from the liver of egg-laying hens and the transformed rat cells in an attempt to find the factors presumed to be involved in determinating tissue-specific and transformation-specific expression of the genes. A non-histone chromatin protein with a molecular weight of 10, 000 daltons was purified from the liver of egg-laying hens. The VS protein binds tightly to hen genomic DNA fragments carrying at least a part of the vitellogenin structural gene. A specific non-histone chromatin protein with a molecular weight of 38, 000 daltons, 38K protein, was purified as a pure state from the transformed rat cells.View full abstractDownload PDF (3015K) -
Some New CurrentsAkira IMAMURA, Seiji TANI, Hiroyuki TOH1988 Volume 28 Issue 5 Pages 260-264
Published: September 25, 1988
Released on J-STAGE: May 25, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSSome novel quantum chemical approaches to biological problems are reviewed. First, molecular orbital calculations for carcinogenic and mutagenic compounds were presented with their molecular structural characteristics. Next, approaches to ion channels were described indicating usefulness of molecular orbital calculations of transition state theory. Finally attempts were introduced by using molecular orbitals to clarify mechanism of evolution with roles of metal cations.View full abstractDownload PDF (603K) -
Takashi MIKAWA1988 Volume 28 Issue 5 Pages 265-272
Published: September 25, 1988
Released on J-STAGE: May 25, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (542K) -
[in Japanese], [in Japanese]1988 Volume 28 Issue 5 Pages 273-275
Published: September 25, 1988
Released on J-STAGE: May 25, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (157K)
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