β-クリプトキサンチン（以下，β-CX）は温州みかんに多く含まれるカロテノイドで，内臓脂肪低減，骨粗しょう症予防，血流改善などへの作用が知られている．一方，海洋深層水（以下，DSW）にはビタミンCの細胞内への吸収促進を示唆する報告がある．そこで，β-CXの吸収にDSWが及ぼす影響を，薬剤吸収研究で汎用されるCaco-2細胞による腸管上皮モデルを用いて検証した．その結果，DSWはCaco-2細胞へのβ-CXの吸収を有意に増加させた．Caco-2細胞の遺伝子発現解析結果から，DSWの添加がカロテノイド吸収に関与する受容体SR-B1などのコレステロール代謝遺伝子の発現を亢進させ，またCaco-2細胞への吸収試験においてSR-B1の阻害剤添加によりβ-CXの吸収が抑制されたことから，β-CXの吸収はSR-B1を介していることが示された．DSWのβ-CXの吸収促進効果は，表層水（以下，SSW）には見られなかったことから，DSWに特異的な効果であることが示唆された．

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Until recent years, marine bacterial researches have been conducted mainly on surface seawater (SSW) and marine sediment, but only few studies have been undertaken on deep-sea water (DSW). Therefore, in this study, bacterial community structures of DSW and SSW collected from seven DSW pumping stations in Japan were investigated by molecular biological techniques using a 454 FLX sequencer. The result of pyrosequencing analysis showed that the bacterial diversity of DSW was considerably higher than that of SSW as we studied before. The proportions of several phyla (Actinobacteria, Chloroexi, Gemmatimonadetes, and SAR046) in DSW were higher than those in SSW. In addition, principal coordinates analysis (PCoA) based on the pyrosequencing data showed that DSW samples tended to form clusters separated from those of SSW samples. These results indicate that the bacterial community structure of DSW is dierent from that of SSW and there are various bacteria adapting in DSW environment, which differ from those in SSW. Therefore, DSW is believed to contain novel bacteria not found in SSW as a source for finding novel bioactive compounds.

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