Although the success of Heroult electric furnace operations in steel casting depends so largely on the possibility of getting proper refractory materials as a silica brick for the roof bricks of these furnaces, it can hardly be said that our getting of them is in a satisfactory condition during the war times.
  Utilizing of schamotte bricks instead of silica bricks has been tried as the refractory materials for roof and wall of furnace. As the refractoriness of a schamotte brick, however, is inferior to that of silica brick, one raw silica brick instead of two is used on every side of electric pole. From the results of trial, it must be confessed that the using schamotte bricks will not deny the electric furnace operations in steel foundry to us, in other words the operation using schamotte bricks for silica bricks have been done satisfactorily as before.
  We, therefore, report the actual results of our trial for steel melting engineers in this paper. (N. T.)

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  Researches were directed towards to analysis if “Tobiko” mainly consist of glucomannan has the suitable properties for mold sand binders by testing both in laboratory and foundry.
  With a view to know these properties, following tests were carried out ; compression test, permeability test, moisture absorption test and collapse test in laboratory, and also casting test in foundry.
  These tests have given us the results that tobiko has the better properties in laboratory but the worse in foundry. According to these tests, while tobiko has a good binding power in baking at lower temperature, when heated above 400'C the binding power disappears at pouring of molten metals.
  Therefore, in the case of molten metal cast in the mold using tobiko as a mold sand binder, bad surface of castings are due to this phenomenon.
  From these results, it is obvious that using tobiko as a binder of mold sand is not desirable for practice in foundries. If, however, tobiko is used with other proper mold sand binders, it may be interesting to use tobiko as a binder of mold sand in foundries. (N. T.)

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  It was tested that the influence of the microstructure of cast iron and surface roughness of friction parts upon wear. The results of this experiments may be summarised as follows :
  (1) I have not find any great differences between the pearlitic cast iron and ferritie cast iron in the amonnt of wear in the wet friction.
  (2) The friction surface of ferritic cast iron becomes flatt more earlier than that of pearlitic cast iron. And then initial wear amount and time of pearlitic cast iron is little than that of pealitic cast iron.
  (3) the fine finishing surface is required in order to diminish the wear, particularly where the beginning of friction.

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