The author compared heavy oil with rape oil for oil sand and results obtained are as follows :
    In the case of the constant volume of Kibushi-clay
  (1) the maximum strength is obtained at the drying temperature 200°C with Ozin (a lignin binder) and with soya oil, and at 300°C with heavy oil.
  (2) With soya oil the drying time is 1½ hours at 200°C and with heavy oil 4½ hours at 250°C or 2½ hours at 300°C. With the latter the drying temperature and itsti me are controlled less than those with the former.
  (3) Heavy oil enables sand to reduce the using volume of fine grain sand and give better permeability and higher strengths.
  (4) Water, heavy oil and soya oil absorb less moisture one after another and the difference between heavy oil and soya oil is little. (M. Ichida)

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  Synthetic resin binders for core sands should possess the characteristics which produce thermo-setting properties.
  Resins which confer such characteristics are phenol resins, urea resins, and melamin resins, etc.
  Among these resins above mentioned, only the intermediate products of urea resins are water-soluble. As the water-soluble urea resins are the most suitable binders for manufacturing mould, the study on urea resins was made at this time. Because the thermal-decomposition temperature of urea resins is exceedingly low, molasses (or spent liquor of sulphite pulp) were added to urea resins in order to complement the character.

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  In order to investigate the relation between evolved gases and graphitization,further research on the relation between C and Si contents in cast iron and CO₂ per cent, CO per cent in evolved gases, and addition of both graphitizers (Si, Al, Ni, Cu) and retarders (Mn, Cr, Zn, Sn) to molten iron respectively were performed.
  The proportional relation between graphitization degree ( % of G. C. / T. C.) and CO/CO+CO₂, which has already been stated in the previous reports, was not always observed in this paper. Interesting results were obtained, however, on the volume of evolved gases, namely the volume of evolving gases by addition of graphitizer was larger than that by addition of retardar. With addition of graphitizers curves showing the relation between evolving gas volume and the quantity of alloying are always convex curve with maximum point at 2% addition, and with addition of retarders these curves are always inclined downwards.
  The outline of results obtained on the volume of evolving gases in our experiments is shown in followings.

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  Green sand molds are frozen in winter at cold districts.
  When molten pig iron is poured in such frozen molds, metal is boiled or swelled out. Some experiments were carried out to clarify these phenomena and obtained the following results.
  1. Some moisture in the green sand mold moves to the cold side during freezing.
  2. Permeability-moisture curves of green sand and frozen sand cross at about 4-7% of moisture and the maximum permeability of frozen sand is much lower than that of green sand.
  3. When the frostlike adhered to the mold surface, boiling is occured on the pouring.

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  The present study was made to classify the effects of auxiliary tuyeres which supply secondary air to the gases ascending from the main tuyeres through bed cokes. Two types of cupola were experimented. The one has eight main tuyeres and the other has nine auxiliary tuyeres with the main. The results obtained are as follows :
  1. The two types of cupola are very different from the view point of coke combustion. On the cupola with the auxiliary tuyeres, the melting zone is above at the auxiliary tuyeres and so the higher melting zone are formed.
  2. In spite of these differences, tapping temperature, fluidity and components of chemical elements of the tapped irons are the same. The coke used contained about 10% ashes.
  3. Using bad coke contained 20% ashes, the cupola with auxiliary tuyeres is very effective. If no auxiliary tuyeres, the height of melting zone becomes lower and bad metals are tapped.

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