For researching the properties of cast iron, we had investigated the relation between O₂ content, mechanical strength and graphite structure, and reasoned "Virginity" of pig iron would have a strong effect on the properties of cast iron, which has been commonly believed but its cause has not been found.
  Recently, it is considered that its causing subject may be dissolved gases (O₂ H₂ and N₂) and minute oxides.
  So, chemical composition, dissolved gases—H₂ and O₂—in pig and cast iron were analyzed and the effect of these factors on mechanical strength, graphite structure and castability were also studied.
  The results obtained were as follows :
 1. H₂ and O₂ content in pig iron exerted influence on iron casting properties and increased by the production method-raw materials and fuels-as follows.
  
  [m. s. scrap] ･ [coke] < [ore] ･ [charcoal] < [ore] ･ [coke]
 2. Repeated shock value of cast iron was severely influenced by graphite structure.
 3. Swedish, Ogure and Arisa pig iron showed good results.

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  Experiments were carried out on the fluidity of silumin using a spiral type of metal mould to determine,         (a) the effects of the pouring and mould temperatures,         (b) the comparison with Al at a given temperature of pouring,         (c) the effects of repeated melting,         (d) the effects, of Fe and Zn, and         (e) the effects of Mn, Cr and Cu on the fluidity of silumin containing more than 1.5% of Fe. The following results were obtained :
  (1) For a given temperature of pouring, the fluidity of silumin is much greater than that of pure silumin.        (2) In proportion to the pouring and mould temperatures, the fluidity becomes greater and the effect of the pouring is 2.36 times greater than the mould temperature.        (3) Repeated melting lowers the fluidity, especially at the 2nd to 3rd melting.        (4) with increasing of Fe content in silumin, the fluidity becomes greater up to aboute 1% of Fe, above which lowers the fluidity.        (5) Zn has effect on the fluidity of silumin up to about 3 to 4% of Zn, above which increases the fluidity.        (6) The fluidity of silumin containing more than 1% of Fe is improved by the addition of certain amount of Mn. The most effective amount of Mn equals to about 70% of Fe content. Cr seems to have no effect on the fluidity of the silumin, while Cu improves the fluidity of the silumin a little up to about 2.5% and much more at above 5% Cu.

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  The Revived Pig Iron has manufactured by the hot blast cupola generally, but the present writers have in justrially manufactured by The Cold Blast 1 ton Cupola in Akita Steel Manufacturing Co. Ltd. (January and February 1950), using the AST alloy which is byproduct in alumina manufacturing of dry method.

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  Author made a study of stability of moulding sand by mixture of ōgin, pine resin, vinyl chloride and etc. by scratching method, and got following results.
  1. It increases stability to plaster on surface more than mixes binder in the moulding sand.
  2. The drying temqerature are 200°C and drying time 1.5 hours.

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  Generally moisture control of the raw sand without coating, as raw machine molding sand, needs skill at the time of sand-mixing, moreover if it is not controled in proper moisture, it can not be called the good sand.
  Ther upon I investigated about ideal moistures of sands, especially in connection with its fineness number, in accordance with the relation of moisture sand and its physical test values.
  The results of this experiments are as follows :
 1) The moisture is nearly same when permeabiliry and transverse strength of sand showes the maximum.
 2) The ideal moisture of sand is increased gradually, according as its fineness number becomes greater.

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