巻号一覧
64 巻, 2 号
選択された号の論文の7件中1～7を表示しています
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船山 政昭1999 年 64 巻 2 号 p. 129-139
発行日: 1999年
公開日: 2008/03/27
ジャーナル フリーThe Venezuelan oil industry has attracted worldwide concern for 6 years since the opening door policy was initiated. Teikoku Oil has participated in the Venezuelan oil opening programs since they started and has contributed as one of the pioneer overseas companies participating in the oil industry.
The theme of today's topic, “Cooperation with producing countries”, has to be considered through understanding the national oil industry. Namely, understanding PDVSA's way of thinking is important. PDVSA is an unique organization among the national oil companies and its activity has been influential in the history of oil industries. PDVSA is now trying to accelerate its oil opening policy to strengthen its global competitiveness. PDVSA has achieved a high level of technical strength, together with its ample funds, however, lack in organizational flexibility due to the divergent large organizations has been also pointed out. From January 1, 1998, PDVSA started as a new organization by merging former three core operation companies, Lagoven, Maraven and Corpoven into one. Gasoline retail and gas industry are also the targets for the opening policy. Expanding the share in the global market, partly by expanding refinery capacity in and out of the country, is a key strategy in light of the nation's relatively heavy crude resource, as well as by increasing oil production and reserves under competitive costs by introducing foreign capital.
In order to keep foreign investors being attracted, Venezuela has adopted several acts including several reform bills. On the other hand, presidential campaign with a leading candidate opposing to the PDVSA's current strategy might be a concern so does the nation's current economic condition as a negative factor for the oil sector's opening programs.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (872K) -
樋口 雄1999 年 64 巻 2 号 p. 140-150
発行日: 1999年
公開日: 2008/03/27
ジャーナル フリーBy the middle of 1960's, the International Oil Trusts had discovered and operated many giant oil fields in the Middle East region almost exclusively. They begun to relinquish the part of their concession based on their understanding on the shortage of unexplored big structures in this area and the growing power of oil producing countries. The several Japanese oil firms started their exploration and production activities on these relinquished areas. Under such a circumstances Japanese explorationists and engineers had carried out and realized substantial contribution.
The drastic development of oil producing countries in Arabian Gulf area were realised in 1970's. They promoted the nationalization of oil resources by their newly established national oil companies in each countries, and emphasized the importance of secondary recovery scheme for the purpose of increasing the recovery percentage on the developed oil fields.
The newly participated Japanese oil firms in this decade conducted their operation in good manner with their sophisticated techniques and established the mutual trust relationship between the oil producing countries.
Some alternative energy resources replacing of petroleum could be utilized in some time in the far future. However, the maintenance of oil resources is essential for the mankind till such time. Particulary in our country, much more promotion of oil exploration is indispensable for the survival and prosperity in the 21st century, because of the most of the Japanese industries, business frameworks and personal life have been established on the foundation mainly composed of enormous consumption of oil resources.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (815K) -
尾上 哲1999 年 64 巻 2 号 p. 151-162
発行日: 1999年
公開日: 2008/03/27
ジャーナル フリーOne of the functions of Technology Research Center of Japan National Oil Corporation is to promote international R&D Collaborations. A background philosophy and two categories of international collaboration are reviewed: technology introducing and sharing type, and strategic type with oil producing countries. Several projects, ongoing or in the past, of each category are explained briefly.
Technology introducing and sharing type: Joint Research Consortium TRC currently participating, EOR Workshop organized by International Energy Agency, JIP's organized by Drilling Engineering Association.
Strategic type: Collaborative research projects with PERTAMINA of Indonesia, TPAO of Turkey, Jilin Oil Field Administrative Bureau of China, KISR of Kuwait, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals of Saudi Arabia, PDVSA of Venezuela, Abu Dhabi National Oil Company of United Arab Emirates, PEMEX-E & P of Mexico.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1063K) -
高橋 秀明1999 年 64 巻 2 号 p. 163-172
発行日: 1999年
公開日: 2008/03/27
ジャーナル フリーThe world offshore operation is moving to the deeper and deeper water recently. Japan also has its first deepwater program of drilling two MITI wells offshore Japan in 1999. One well is targeting the natural hydrate, which is very new even in the world. This lecture outlines the world trend of deepwater exploration first, then introduces the forthcoming domesticdeepwater program with discussion of technology and safety consideration for this challenging project.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (681K) -
蒲生 俊敬1999 年 64 巻 2 号 p. 173-183
発行日: 1999年
公開日: 2008/03/27
ジャーナル フリーPlate boundaries on the deep seafloor, such as mid-oceanic ridges and plate subduction zones, can be regarded as openings or windows through which much amount of chemical components comes up from or goes down to the earth interior chiefly by seawater convection. Recent observations with research vessels, submersibles, and drilling vessels have brought about many new findings on geochemical characteristics of hydrothermal fluid venting at mid-oceanic ridges and of cold seepage at subduction zones, both of which bear significant parts of chemical flux between the ocean and the lithosphere. This review article focuses on the behaviour of methane gas (CH4) associated with pore fluid emanation (cold seepage) from sediment of the Nankai Trough accretionary prism, which is tectonically compressed by the subduction of the Philippine Sea plate under the Japanese Islands. The origin of CH4 gas is shown to have been investigated in terms of methane/ethane ratios and carbon isotope ratios of CH4. It is also mentioned that CH4 plays an important role in producing hydrogen sulfide in surface sediment to support enormous communities of giant clams (Calyptogena) which have endosymbiotic sulfur oxidizing (chemosynthetic) bacteria in their gills.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (802K) -
洪 承燮, 木下 睦, 渡部 孝行, 榎本 兵治1999 年 64 巻 2 号 p. 184-191
発行日: 1999年
公開日: 2008/03/27
ジャーナル フリーOur combustion tube experiments for in-situ combustion with many crude oils of various densities showed that produced oil became light and was emulsified in many cases. In theprevious paper, formation mechanism of emulsion was discussed.
In field operations, emulsification may cause serious problems. Then, at the present study, it was aimed to clarify the influence of emulsification to the flow properties of oil phase. Experiments were carried out with three crude oils made by distillation of Yabase crude oil which was easily emulsified. One was the original Yabase crude oil, and other two oils were the heavier and lighter oils that were made by eliminating the light component from Yabase crude oil and by adding the light component to Yabase crude oil, respectively. Results may be summarized as follows.
1) Dependency of the viscosity of emulsion on the density of oil and temperature is similar to that of crude oil, but emulsification emphasizes the dependency.
2) The water content of emulsion is the index of the degree of emulsification and most strongly influences the viscosity. The viscosity of the emulsion of highest water content of 75% increased by several ten to hundred times.
3) The W/O emulsion formed in the in-situ combustion has the pseudoplasticity and its viscosity becomes strongly dependent on the flow speed as the water content increases.
4) Though the increase of water content of emulsion eventuates in the low oil content, the residual emulsion saturation drastically increases with water content, so that the residual oil saturation does not vary so much. Therefore, the fuel necessary for successful in-situ combustion is held in the oil bed.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (575K) -
千田 佶, 井上 千弘1999 年 64 巻 2 号 p. 192-195
発行日: 1999年
公開日: 2008/03/27
ジャーナル フリーThe bioremediation process for marine oil spill in the environment is not established today, though there have been numerous laboratory studies of petroleum degradating microorganisms. Prospects for utilizing the process are discussed in point of technical capacity and safety.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (347K)
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