Ⅰ Purpose

Purposes of this study were as follows:

1) to analyse main factors relating to the selection of a method of treatment among 3 methods of treatment (individual, group and the other).

2) to analyse the effect of treatment of juveniles in training schools.

Ⅱ Method

1. Subjects

Subjects are 181 juveniles who were sent to juveniles Training Schools by family courts during from March to May in 1969.

2. Materials

1) Data used for the diagnosis and classification of juveniles: criminal records, life history, parental protection, social environment, personality traits, etc.

2) Treatment records of the juveniles in training schools and parole supervision offices.

3) Fingerprints in the Police Agency.

3. Method of analysis

Multiple regression analysis that is a linear model shown by quantified system.

Ⅲ Findings and discussion

1. The relationships between characteristics of juveniles and the adapted methods of treatment.

1) Characteristics of juveniles treated by the individual method are as follows.

(1) Disobedience to the authority (2) Discordance of the human relations (3) The first crime at later than 16 years old (4) Frequent changes of employment (5) Positive attitude toward oneself.

2) Characteristics of juveniles treated by the other method are opposite to those stated in 1).

3) Characteristics of juveniles treated by the group method are intermediate between above 2 groups.

2. Concerning the behavioral rating for the juveniles in training school, there are little difference among these 3 groups, and behavioral ratings of all groups get higher at the time of release.

The most important factor concerning the behavioral ratings in training schools is the attitude toward oneself, especially at the middle period of their stay at the training school.

Therefore we can understand that the most important point in the treatment is to make juveniles get the self-insight in amy method.

3. In general, the effects of treatment in training school are much enhanced by the good environment after release from the training school. So we analysed the factors concerned with the environment especially to find the relation between the treatment method and environment.

As a result, we found the most important factor is the attitude toward oneself during parole, that is, the juveniles themselves could prepare their own environments after their release on parole from training school.

4. We studied the effect of each method by analysing the relations between these methods and recidivism. These methods did not show any significant difference in regard to the recidivism. Therefore we can say the adaptation of treatment method was suitable for the need of each juveniles and these 3 kinds of treatment method must be effective to juveniles to some extent.

However, we could not make clear which treatment method is the most effective. It seems to depend on the difficulty of controlling the characteristics of juveniles.