By way of an introduction, following mention of the aspects and of outlines neuropsychiatrical cases among the industrial health reseaches is made. Outstanding results are pointed out in the table below. I. On intelligence, constitution and characterology 1. aptitude and adaptation 2. psychic conflictions and labor situations 3. fatigue 4. adaptation II. Problems on neuropsychiatrical disturbances 1. psychosis of laborers in general 2. figures of psychosis of laborers, which disturb his work inclusions directly 3. industrial disease 4. neurosis 5. head injuries 6. judges for reappointment III. On neurological, vegetative and hormonal adaptations 1. neurological balances and coordinations 2. daily or weekly changes of vegetative functions IV. On correlations between labor and psychophysiological facts 1. strengthen through head-or bellybands 2. shout effects while laboring 3. prevalent eye and hand 4. alternative opening or shutting of eyelids 5. dexterity and otherwise 6. problems on unadaptable machines

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Concerning CS₂ metabolism in the body, the balance sheet of inhaled and excreted CS₂, and also the end products of its metabolism excreted in the urine have to some extent been made clear. Intermediate change of CS₂, however, is not yet well known except chemical combination of CS₂ with protein and α-amino-acid. In this report, metabolism of compounds of CS₂ with protein or amino-acids was studied in rabbits by a method of determining the amount of reversibly combined CS₂ Compounds of CS₂ with protein or amino-acid have a characteristic nature of liberating free CS₂, when pH of the solution of these compounds is adjusted to 2 or less. Therefore, the amount of free CS₂ liberated by adjustment of pH is a measure of reversibly combined CS₂. The results obtained are as follows. 1. In the fluid media of liver, kidney and brain slices to which CS₂ was added, sulfate was not demonstrated to increase when compared with the control. 2. In the course of 1.5 hours following subcutaneous injection of CS₂, reversible free CS₂ was not proved to exist in the blood of rabbits. Accordingly, compounds of CS₂ with protein or amino-acid may not be retained as such in the body. 3. When compounds of CS₂ with glutamic acid (CS₂-G) or with diethylamine (CS₂-D) were injected into the rabbit, these were not detected in the blood in 1.5 hours after the injection. Thus CS₂-G or CS₂-D was considered to change readily into other forms. 4. CS₂-G compound was considered to react with some constituents of the blood, since CS₂-G added to the hemolyzed blood solution could not be recovered. 5. It was revealed that CS₂-G reacted with hemoglobin forming some compounds which do not liberate free CS₂, when pH of the reaction medium was adjusted to 2 or less. 6. Moderately diluted serum in saline solution did not seem to react with CS₂-G, whereas larger volume of such solution reacted with CS₂-G. 7. Tyrode's solution or glutathione solution was not found to react with CS₂-G.

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A method for estimating CS₂ in the biological materials was developed by modifying the existing procedure. The present procedure involves aeration of volatile CS₂ from biological materials and absorption of CS₂ in diethylamine-copper reagent. Conditions of aeration, such as temperature, pH of materials, air pressure in the aerator and flow rate through it were studied, and the concentration of CS₂ in different organs and body fluids of rabbits exposed to CS₂ was determined by the method with the following results. 1) On the condition that aeration time was CS₂ in body fluids or organs was highest in the blood, especially in blood corpuscles. Levels of CS₂ in the liver, the kidney, and the brain were nearly equal. In 25 hours after exposure to CS₂, free CS₂ was not over sixty minutes, a satisfactory recovery of CS₂ from materials was obtained, irrespective of temperature, pH of materials or air pressure in the aerator. 2) In the course of aeration for thirty minutes, most of free CS₂ of materials was recovered. Ninety minutes was found satisfactory to recover free CS₂ completely. 3) The recovery ratio for free CS₂ from biological materials was between 95 and 105 per cent. 4) Immediately after exposure to CS₂ at the concentration of 500 ppm, the amount of demonstrated in the body fluids or organs. 5) Concentration of CS₂ in the cerebrospinal fluid was relatively low, but it was almost of the same concentration as that in the serum.

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Phonocardiograms and electrocardiograms of rabbits in an experimental high barometric pressure tank were studied in normal, compressed and decompressed states. Provoking conditions of the decompression sickness, dissection findings of the lethal cases, and the recovery of the animal from "ckokes" were also observed. Furthermore, heartsounds of the animal were observed under normal pressure, inhaling air rich in oxygen. The results obtained are as follows. 1) Under high pressure, the amplitude of the first and the second heartsounds decreased. But after the decompression they both increased, and the increase of the amplitude of the first was especially remarkable. 2) The heart rates were reduced after the compression and showed an increasing tendency after the decompression. 3) Under high pressure, the electrocardiogram changed only a little. In lethal cases by serious decompression sickness auriculo ventricular block and auricular fibrillation were observed; while in recovered cases from "chokes, " negative T was observed. 4) It seems that the lowest limit of the onset conditions determined by K. Ueda is higher than that deduced by the author's results. 5) Dissection findings showed that there were bubbles in all blood vessels. 6) Recompressing to the previous high pressure, the choked rabbit lay in ventral position some 20 minutes after the commencement, and after one hour it stood up and began to walk. 7) Inhaling air added with aboundant oxygen under normal pressure, the amplitude of the animal's first and second heartsounds decreased. Restoring to the inhalation of the normal air, the amplitude showed a tendency of increase. It seems that the decrease of the amplitude of the heartsounds under high pressure is due to the increase of the partial pressure of oxygen in the air.

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This is report of investigation in a case of silicosis occurred in one of the processes of manufacturing sulfuric acid. No report of this kind seems to have ever been appeared in the medical literature. The present author first investigated the case chiefly by radiological observation, in reference with various radiographs of other dust pneumoconiosis, and secondly studied possible causes by examination of the influence of SO₂ gas on the lung and that of chemical, mineralogical nature of the dust concerned. He reached the following conclusions. 1) SO₂ gas can be a cause of pulmonary fibrosis, and may be regarded in dust-producing factories as an agent that produces and aggravates pneumoconiosis. 2) A progressive silicosis is caused by the dust of oxidized iron with less amount of free silica. 3) Amorphous form of free silica-opal-is changed into crystal α-quartz by heating (800-900°C). As to influences on the living body of the dust of these two minerals those of the latter is greater. This may be one of the reasons of less frequency of the case of silicosis in sulfur mines. Yet this is suggestive to the occurrence of silicosis discussed in this paper. 4) In welders roentgenological observation revealed only slight changes in the chest without any progressive symptoms.

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Measurments of mercury concentrations in the atmosphere within three operating-rooms of an electric news board were conducted, and medical examinations were carried out on 11 workers from May 12 to June 10, 1958. Mercury concentrations above operating machines and perforated paper were 1.04-1.8mg/m³ and over (the limit of the detector was 1.8mg/m³). When the machine was operating, mercury concentrations in the room except at the place above mentioned were 0.13-0.77mg/m³ with good ventilation and 0.32-1.8mg/m³ and over with poor ventilation. When the machine was not in operation, mercury concentrations in the room were 0.02-0.13mg/m³ with good ventilation and 0.13-1.45mg/m³ with poor ventilation. Sources of mercury vapour in the room were considered to be mercury being spilt in the floor, mercury contained in the vessel of the operating machine, and that adherring to the perforated paper. While the machine was not in operation, mercury which had adhered to the perforated paper during the operation in the preceeding night seemed to constitute the main source. Even when the vessel containing mercury was enclosed with a cover and the inside of the enclosure was mechanically exhausted, the mercury concentration in the room exceeded the maximum permissible concentration. Where the vessel containing mercury as well as the perforated paper were enclosed with an exhausting booth, mercury concentrations in the room were far less than the maximum permissible concentration. Proteinuria was found in 2 workers, and increased excretion of urobilinogen in urine in 3 workers. Mercury concentrations in worker's urine were determined to be 0-104.0γ/l (aver. 28.8γ/l). No symptoms of stomatitis, tremor, etc. could be found.

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The change of mercury concentration in the urine was investigated and discussed in relation to mercury concentration of working environment, length of period of employment and sampling method of urine specimens. After six hours stay in a work room with 0.16mg/m³ of mercury concentration, seven young men, who had never occupationally been exposed to mercury, had the highest excretion of mercury in the urine soon after the cessation of exposure for three hours. Urine specimens were collected from workers who had been exposed to mercury in the following way; at attendance on workshop after holiday, from 8.30 A.M. to noon and from noon to 3.30 P.M. In the case of low mercury concentration in the environment (0.2mg/m³), the mercury concentration in the urine at attendance after holiday reflected both the mercury concentration of environmental air and the length of years of employment. The amount of excreted mercury per hour in the daytime was a proportional to the logarithm of years of employment. In the case of high mercury concentration (1.0mg/m³), these two indicators under discussion seemed to be influenced mainly by the environmental condition.

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Environmental conditions in a tunny fishingboat ("the Taiseimaru", training-ship owned by Mie Prefecture) was investigated, while the boat was engaged in fishing in the South-eastern Pacific Ocean (around the place of latitude 8° south, longitude 110° west) from June to September, 1958. Residential conditions were on the minimum standard. Temperature and humidity inside the boat were not always uncomfortable except in the engine-room, but illumination was insufficient all inside the boat. Radio-activities of the sea water and the rain water were determined, but no appreciable difference from the natural radioactivity was noticed within the area covered. As for health conditions, of the crew, there were many cases of leucocytemia which is believed to be characteristic to ocean navigation. Nutritive intake (calorie, vitamins etc.) was found to be maintained at the minimum of standard, but it is desirable to give an increase.

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An attempt was made to clarify adaption and acclimatization phenomena in workers exposed to heat in a glass factory. A control group of workers who were not particularly exposed to heat was set up in the survey. Either diurnal change, seasonal variation or both in Donaggio values, activity levels of urinary pepsinogen serum protein concentrations and amounts of protein-bound iodine in serum as indices of the heat response were observed in both groups. Results obtained are as follows: An adaption phenomenon against a hot ambient was well established in heat-workers all through the seasons, though not in the control except in summer. A reserve acquired by adaption in heat-workers, however, was found to be consumed already in the forenoon in an extremely hot environment in summer.

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Investigations were carried out on the poisoning caused upon the labourers by chromic acid while they were at work in catalyzing processes in an ammonium sulfate factory. The results are reported here as follows. Items of the investigation covered subjective symptoms, nasal mucous membrane symptoms, and dermadroms. The method of determination of Cr in the blood was based on H.J.Cahuman and Ruth Bisen's memoire, "Microdetermination of Cr in Blood." It was found that the blood contained only a very small amount of Cr-less than 0.2γ/2ml. Through other tests such as blood tests and uroscopy its normality was proved. In short, though chromic acid affects locally the skin and nasal mucous membrane in irritating and corroding them, it was found that it brings little poisoning effects on the body as a whole.

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Urine samples were taken from 35 male adult subjects ecperimentally exposed to high temperatures to measure O/K₃, volume, potassium, sodium, chlorine of urine, and the results were studied with their relationship to physical build. 1) Relation to the weight ratio: In the subjects with low weight ratio, a high tendency in O/K₃ and low tendencies in Na/K and Na/Cl were seen. (Table 2) 2) Relation to the bust ratio: In the subjects with high bust ratio, a low value in O/K₃ and high values in Na/K and Na/Cl were seen. (Table 3) Thus, with the assumption that the O/K₃ method is a vitality criterion in man, the above results may be summarized as follows. Subjects who have highly adaptive capacities to high temperature environment are those with high values in bust ratio and those who show relatively higher values in Na/K and Na/Cl.

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