When 0.4mg estrogen (diethylstilbestrol) is administered to White Leghorn chicks daily for 10 consecutive days from 60 days of age, different degrees of increase in the immunological response of serum to vitellin are observed among individual birds. The degree of sensitivity for the serum vitellin production is expressed as the dilution rate of serum for a positive vitellin response. This is shown by the following equation as described by Yamamato and Nakagawa (1965)⁹:
Y=bX+k, (1),
where Y is the dilution rate of serum, X is the number of days injected with estrogen, b is a regression coefficient and k is a constant.
The regression equations were obtained from 7 groups of White Leghorn male and female chicks of different origins. In these equations, the correlation between b and k become apparent. When k was plotted against b, the mode of distribution of k was different among the groups of the females but not among those of the males.
Based on the correlation between b and k in the equation (1), another equation was obtained:
Y'=b'X'+k', (2),
where Y' is k of the equation (1), X' is b of the equation (1), b' is a regression coefficient and k' is a constant. Comparing the equation (2) among the above seven groups of White Leghorn males and females, it became evident that b' (designated as b-k regression) differed significantly among the groups of females but the differences among the male groups were not significant.
The effect of gonadoectomy on b and k of the equation (1) and on b' of the equation (2) was examined using 6 groups of males and females. Ovaries and testes were removed on 40 days of age. Among these groups of gonadoectomized chicks, the difference in k was evident while the difference in b was not statistically significant. Gonadoectomy did not affect b' (b-k regression) in both males and females. This suggests that the difference in b' between the normal males and females may be due to other factor(s) than the presence of gonad.

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Hens continue to lay fertilized eggs for a period of about two weeks following a single insemination. This fact is a result of the strage of the inseminated spermatozoa into the infundibular gland-cavities and the gland-cavities of the uterovaginal junction as suggested in my previous papers. The persistence and transport of inseminated spermatozoa and their strage in the glands of the uterovaginal and infundibular regions are of special importance to redroductive physiologists.
Ttis paper describes the results on the comparison between the hen's fertility and the spermatozoal distribution in the oviduct following a single intravaginal or an infundibular.
1) The fertility for two weeks and the duration of fertility following a single intravaginal inseminataion with one hundred million spermatozoa was higher and longer than that following a single infundibular insemination with ten million spermatozoa.
2) There were fewer spermatozoa in the infundibular gland-cavities after 24 hours from intravaginal insemination with one hundred million spermatozoa than that found following intrainfundibular insemination with one million spermatozoa.
3) Most of the spermatozoa inseminated into the infundibulum entered the infundibular gland-cavities and few spermatozoa were found in the gland-cavities of the uterovaginal junction.
4) The isolated uterovaginal region was washed with 1000ml. of physiological saline solution and again with 15ml. of saline solution. No spermatozoa were evident in the second wash solution. Subsequently, an egg was forced through the same region and the region was washed again with saline solution. Several spermatozoa were found in the wash solution following the passage of the egg.
5) From the above results, the following conclusions can be made:
Some spermatozoa inseminated into the vagina move to the infundibulum and then fertilize ova or enter that region's gland-cavities, but the greater number of spermatfzoa persist in the gland-cavities of the uterovaginal junction.
The spermatozoa held in the gland-cavities of the uterovaginal junction are released from these gland-cavities following the passage of an egg. The released spermatozoa move to the infundibular glands and are either in volved in the fertilization of the ovum or are stored there.

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The development of the three long bones in the leg, that is, the femur, tibia and fibula, and metatarsus of the White Cornish, were studied from 5 to 35 weeks of age. Five female and male birds each were chosen at random out of the flocks and were sacrificed every five weeks. Seventy birds were used in total.
Although the bones elongated rapidly until 15 weeks of age, elongtion almost ceased thereafter. It seemed, therefore, that the skeleton of the birds attained to its mature size at about 15 weeks of age, irrespective of the mineral composition of the bone.
Ash weight of the bones increased almost at the same rate as the body weight increase until 20 weeks of age in both sexes. It increased at higher rate than body weight increase after 20 weeks of age, presumably because of the onset of sexual maturity.
In the female, medullary bone was formed in medullary cavity of the femur and tibia at 25 weeks of age and thereafter, when the egg laying activity commenced. Along with the formation of medullary bone, a striking increase in ash weight of the femur and tibia occured throughout the period from 20 to 35 weeks of age (Fig. 2 and photograph). The pattern of increase in ash weight of the femur and tibia became clearly different from that of the metatarsus, in which no medullary bone was formed at any time.
In the male, ash weight of the femur, tibia and metatarsus continued to increase, with increments over 30 percent, during the period from 20 to 35 weeks of age, notwithstanding there was only 2 percent increment in body weight during the period. (Fig. 3) The testes weight of the male attained mature size at about 25 weeks of age, that is, the male bird reached to sexual maturity at about this time. Whether the rapid increase of ash content of the bones at the period of sexual maturity being integrated by the testicular hormone needs further study. No medullary bone was formed in the bones of the male at any time (photograph).

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Feeding experimen was carried out to examine the effects of aditions of different levels of the fish meal and the toasted soybean oil meal on the performance of laying hen for one year. Hy-Line 934 F-strain hens were divided into three groups of 50 each. Levels of the fish meal and the toasted soybean oil meal in the diet were 8.0, 10.0% in group 1, 5.0, 15.0% in group 2 and 2.0, 20.0% in group 3 respectively.
There were no significant differences in egg production, feed consumption and feed conversion among the three groups. The hypertrophy of the pancreas, which was shown to occur frequently when hens consumed high level of soybean oil meal, was not found in the mortal hens in this experiment. It was suggested that the toasted soybean oil meal was valuable as a protein source of the diet for laying hen compared with the fish meal.

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It was first reported by LANDSTEINER AND MILLER (1924) that the blood types of chicken were classified into eight different antigens by using anti-chicken red cells immune rabbit sera absorbed with various chicken red cells.
Afterwards many studies have been carried out. Recentry twelve different blood group systems were classified in red cells of chickens by iso-immune agglutinins.
The present experiments were performed for the classification of chickens red cells by using natural isoagglutinins.
The chicken red cells were treated with papain enzyme solution. The results obtained were as follows:
1) Two typical agglutinins (anti-FsI and anti-FsII) were found in the chicken normal sera and two agglutinogens (FsI and FsII) corresponding with each agglutinin were present.
2) The blood of chickens was classified into three types, FsI, FsII and Fs0.
3) The agglutinin-titers of anti-FsI and anti-FsII sera were 1:8, respectively.
4) The antibodies (anti-FsI and anti-FsII) were absorbed to volume of 16 fold antigen (FsI and FsII).
5) The antibodies were eluted from antigen-antibodies complex which anti-FsI and anti-FsII sera were combined with FsI, FsII red cells.
6) The presence of antigenicity in skin and the basal part of quill was clarified in chickens by elution test.

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The present study was performed to analyse the status of the egg size increase in the pullet year, using the three year's data of White Leghorns consisting of two strains (WL-D, WL-E), Barred Plymouth Rocks (BPR), New Hampshires (NH) and Rhode Island Reds (RIR). Egg weight and egg number were recorded individually every day throughout the pullet year.
The regression of egg weight increase on months of age during the first six months of laying was found to be linear on the logarithmic scale in all the breeds used (Fig. 1). The rate of increase in the mean monthly egg weight in most breeds was the maximum (7.6%) in the 2nd-month after the first egg and it decreased rapidly thereafter. Generally, the egg from the hen of early matuation presents a higher increasing rate, but in this case it takes a long interval from the first laying to reach the mean annual egg weight. When age at the first egg was pooled, this interval was about five months (Figs. 2 and 3).
The highest correlation coefficients (0.83-0.99) of average each monthly egg weight to the mean annual egg weight were found in the 4th-to 5th-month after the first laying (Table 2). Correlation coefficient between the mean egg weight in the spring (March-May) and that in the summer (June-August) was estimted to be the highest (0.77-0.96) in most breeds. The correlations of mean egg weight for respective 10 days of the first 51st-to 60th-day and of the 61st-to 70th-day to the mean annual weight were estimated to be above 0.7 in all cases (Table 3).
From these results, more consideration placing emphasis upon the average weight of eggs laid for voluntary 10 days during the period from the 40th-to 80th-day after the first egg and upon that laid during a month in the next spring (March or April) in which the eggs are set for hatching may lead to effective improvement of the egg size.

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The present experiment was conducted to know the influence of double vaccination of New Castle disease vaccine (inactivated) and fowl pox vaccine (avianized pigeon pox virus) on broiler chick.
White Cornish male cross Barred Plymouth Rock female chicks were devided in three experimental groups. All chicks were vaccinated with fowl pox vaccine at hatched time. The 1st group was the control group and did not receive any other vaccine. The 2nd and 3rd groups were vaccinated simultaneously with New Castle disease vaccine and fowl pox vaccine at 3 and 21 days old. All groups were fed with commercial broiler feed and only the 3rd group was fed with the medicated feed for 6 days at the vaccinations. The medicated feed included 220mg of chlortetracycline in 1kg feed, 0.3% of terephtalic acid and 0.2% of commercial vitamin mixture for chick.
No influence was observed on body weight gain, feed intake, feed requirement and mortality in 10 weeks.

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