Remodelled ophthalmic funds camera for human gingiva was employed to take a photograph of upper and lower anterior interdental palillaes and lower lip. The photoelectric colorimeter was used to estimate the light extinction of the developed reversal color film.
In this study R value (the light extinction of gingival color to lower lip color) and visual color matching were applied to estimate the gingival color.
The purposes of this investigation were to compare the gingival colors of normals and periodontal patients and to study the gingival color changes following periodontal treatments.
The results were as follows
1 In non mottled gingiva statistically significant higher R values were observed in periodontal patients than the normals. By visual color matching the hue of the gingival colors in periodontal patients inclined to the direction of RP, the value was lower than that of healthy gingiva, and the chroma was higher than that of healthy gingiva. In melanin pigmented gingiva, little difference was observed in R value. The hue of gingival colors in periodontal patients distributed in the direction of RP than that of healthy gingiva. Little difference, however, was observed in value and chroma.
2 The close relationship was observed in the gingival color estimations between by absorptimeter and by visual color matching in normals and periodontal patients, even in gingival color estimations following periodontal treatments.
3 Following scaling significant R value reduction was observed in 1 week, while after 6 weeks treated gingival color showed healthy. By visual color matching, gingival color following scaling seemed to be healthy after 6 weeks.
4 Following subgingival curettage significant R value reduction was observed from 1 to 2 weeks, while after 6 weeks treated gingival color showed healthy. By visual color matching, gingival color following subgingival curettage seemed to be healthy after 6 weeks.
5 Significant R value reduction was observed from 2 to 4 weeks following gingivectomy while after 9 weeks little reduction was observed. After 12 weeks, R value showed a little higher than that of normal gingiva. By visual color matching it was demonstrated that after 12 weeks following gingivectomy hue was distributed slightly in direction of RP, value and chroma seemed to be normal.
6 Significant R value reduction was observed from 2 to 4 weeks following flap operation, while after 9 weeks little changes was observed and after 12 weeks R value was a little lower than that of normal gingiva. By visual color matching, it was shown that after 12 weeks following flap operation hue seemed to be normal, and value was higher and chroma was lower than that of normal gingiva.
7 The gingival color changes following subgingival curettage and flap operation were similar except that the gingiva treated by flap operation takes 7 to 10 days longer to the healthy gingival color than by subgingival curettage.

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The patients with periodontal disease were divided into mild, moderate and severe case and also divided into inflammatory and dystorophic type. Serum immunoglobulin and complement (C₃) value were measured in these groups.
The salient findings were as follows:
1) In the mild cases, the IgG level was higher than in the healthy adults. (p≤0.002)
2) In the moderate cases, the IgM level was higher than in the healthy adults. (p≤0.005)
3) In the severe cases, the IgG and IgA levels were higher than in the healthy adults (p≤0.002, p≤0.05) and C₃ level was lower than in the healthy adults. (p≤0.002)
4) In the inflammatory type, the IgG and IgM levels were higher than in the healthy adults. (p≤0.02, p≤0.1)

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This study was performed to know the relationship between crown-root ratio and periodontal bone destruction.
One hundred and thirty eight sets of 14-film intra-oral roentgenographs taken from patients with light and moderate periodontal disease by dental students in senior class were used.
The routine paralleling long cone technique was used. Those patients were aged from 20 to 66, 73 males and 65 females.
Single rooted teeth (5-5/5-5) except molars were evaluated in respect of crown-root ratio and bone destruction.
These teeth were divided into groups (54, 3, 21 12, 3, 45, 54, 3, 21 12, 3, 45) and assessed independently with regard to the relationship between crown-root ratio and periodontal bone destruction.
These teeth did not have metal crowns and other large restorations such as class 2, 4 or MOD inlays.
The periodontal bone height was assessed by the method of Schei et al.
The anatomical crown-root ratio was determined by measuring the level of cemento-enamel junction. The bone loss from the cemento-enamel junction was measured in percentage. The measuring was carried out by three trained examiners.
The lowest crown-root ratio was observed in lower canine (0.44±0.06). The highest periodontal bone destruction was recognized in lower central incisor (28.4±14.0%). There was not statistically a significant correlation between crown-root ratio and periodontal bone destruction in each group.
The periodontal bone destruction in different age groups was evaluated also. The periodontal bone had a tendency to be destroyed with increasing age.

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Extract solution from commercially available periodontal dressing materials consisting of a eugenol group (Surgical pack [SHOWA], Neodyne pack, Periodontal pack) and a eugenolless group (Cello pack, Peripac, COE-pak) were injected in subcutaneous of rabbit's back, and were examined on capillary permeability.
The results obtained were as follows:
1. Extract solution from eugenol group (Surgical pack [SHOWA], Neodyne pack, Periodontal pack) were not so accelerated capillary permeability as two eugenolless group (Cello pack, Peripac).
2. Extract solution from Cello pack was accelerated capillary permeablity from 5-day.
3. Extract solution from Peripac was accelerated capillary permeability of every experimental period (1 day, 3-day, 5-day, 7-day, 10-day and 14-day).
4. Extract solution from COE-pak and control (physiological saline solution) have not showed capillary permeability.

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