All issues
Volume 25 (1980)
- Issue 4 Pages 245-
- Issue 3 Pages 165-
- Issue 2 Pages 79-
- Issue 1 Pages 1-
- Issue Suppl Pages 1-
Volume 25, Issue 4
Displaying 1-14 of 14 articles from this issue
- |<
- <
- 1
- >
- >|
-
Nobumasa ICHIZEN1980 Volume 25 Issue 4 Pages 245-252
Published: December 25, 1980
Released on J-STAGE: December 17, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (933K) -
IV. Effect of Weeds on the Growth and Nitrogen Absorption in CornIwaho IWATA, Shigeru TAKAYANAGI1980 Volume 25 Issue 4 Pages 253-257
Published: December 25, 1980
Released on J-STAGE: December 17, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSWe clarified the influence of the weeds on the nitrogen absorption, and translocation and distribution of absorbed nitrogen in corn plant. Results obtained are as follows:
1) Effect of the competition between corn and weeds on the growth of corn were showed much on plant height.
2) Decrease of the total dry matter weight of corn by weeds was indicated in early stage of growth at wide spacing-low manure plots, and after middle stage at another plots. Effect of weeds on the ear weight was the same tendency with total dry matter weight.
3) Competition pattern of corn and weeds under dense spacing-high manure condition was complicate, because intraspecific competition and interspecific competion coexisted in corn field. However, the absorbed nutrient translocated well to the grain, therefore it was showed that corn plants have high recovering ability in condition of dense spacing-high manure.
4) Effect of weed competition on nitrogen content of each organ of corn plant was firstly appeard as decrease in stem, secondly in leaf sheath, and nitrogen content was not decreased in leaf. Its effect on the ear was same in case of the dry matter.
5) Effect of weed competition on nitrogen absosption appeared in middle growing stage under high manure, and it continued from early stage to late stage under low manure.
6) Absorbed nitrogen translocated extremely much into the ear at harvesting stage only in dense spacing-high manure plot.View full abstractDownload PDF (612K) -
V. Growth Analysis on the Process of Competition between Corn and WeedsIwaho IWATA, Shigeru TAKAYANAGI1980 Volume 25 Issue 4 Pages 258-263
Published: December 25, 1980
Released on J-STAGE: December 17, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn this report we analysed the mechanisms of competition between corn and weeds on the base of the growth increment, the seasonal change of growth factors, and clarified the growth retarding ability of corn to weeds. Results obtained are as follows:
1) The correlations between nitrogen content (%) and crop growth rate (CGR) were observed in leaf blade and whole top of corn plant from middle growing stage to late growing stage.
2) The correlations between N% of top and leaf area index (LAI) were observed from middle growing stage to late growing stage. However, LAI was greater in weeding plots than not-weeding plots under similar N% level of leaf.
3) The relation between net assimilation rate (NAR) and N% differed in the treatment from middle growing stage to late growing stage. The nitrogen content values in which the maximum of NAR was obtained from late growing stage to harvest stage. The values were almost same on weeding plot and not-weeding plot.
4) The growth retarding to weed by corn was confirmed at late stage (53 days). However, it decreased at harvest stage on all treatment plots, therfore the weeds grew vigorusly again in this stage.
5) CGR of weeds increased largely at early growing stage. CGR from early stage to middle growing stage was similar in corn and weeds, and was influenced by fertilizer application.
6) It is considered that the growth retarding ability to weeds in the corn field is resulted from light competition more than nutrient absorption.View full abstractDownload PDF (612K) -
Hiroshi TOYOOKA, Masao SHIOZAKI1980 Volume 25 Issue 4 Pages 264-268
Published: December 25, 1980
Released on J-STAGE: December 17, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe herbicidal activity and persistence of sodium chlorate (NaClO3, 50%) was investigated in following types of forest soils; BC, BD, BE and B1C soils, in relation to the distribution of Kumai sasa (Sasa Paniculata) rhizome in the soils.
1. The herbicidal activity of sodium chlorate appears remarkably in BC soils but it is not so remarkable in both type of BE and B1C soils.
2. The persistence of sodium chlorate was about 60 days in BC soil, but that in both BE and B1C soils was not so long (about 14-21 days).
3. Kumai sasa rhizome is shallowly distributed in the surface of weakly dried brown forest soils (0-10cm depth) but it is distributed deeply reaching 30cm depth in rather wet soils like BE and B1C soils. The herbicidal activity of sodium chlorate on Kumai sasa with deeply distributed rhizome is less than that on it with shallowly distributed rhizome.View full abstractDownload PDF (555K) -
Minoru TAKABAYASHI, Kanenori NAKAYAMA1980 Volume 25 Issue 4 Pages 269-272
Published: December 25, 1980
Released on J-STAGE: December 17, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESS(1) Number of weed emergence during summer cropping period from 1975 to 1977 was the highest at autumn-spring rotary tilling plot (A·S-Ro) and the least at autumn plowing plot (A-Pl).
(2) Ratios of viable weed seeds in soil sampled at spring 1978 to those sampled at autumn 1974 were 2, 6% (A-Pl, A·S-Ro) on large crabgrass, 13, 13% on Polygonum species, 30, 24% on common purslane and 52, 75% on chufa, respectively.
(3) Weed seeds in soil of above two plots were divided into emerged seeds, viable seeds and dead seeds. Number of viable seeds in soil sampled at spring 1978 was higher in A-Pl than in A·S-Ro, while emergence of weeds in summer cropping period from 1975 to 1977 was lower in A-Pl than in A·S-Ro, and number of dead seeds was higher in A-Pl than in A·S-Ro.
(4) From the results mentioned above and the result of cultivation characteristics tested by plowing and rotary tilling, we found that autumn plowing was more effective than rotary tilling on weed control.
Considering longevity of weed seeds in soil, it is reasonable that period from the first autumn plowing to next plowing is three years at least.View full abstractDownload PDF (452K) -
Katsuo ITO1980 Volume 25 Issue 4 Pages 273-278
Published: December 25, 1980
Released on J-STAGE: December 17, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe weed flora in northern district of Kamikawa, Hokkaido, was surveyed from 1975 to 1979. It consisted of 326 species of 61 families, including the poisonous weeds for domestic animals and the naturalized weeds grown in non-arable lands.
These species were classified in the following three groups according to growing places: the upland weeds which are found in and around upland fields (64 annuals and 122 perennials-a total of 186 species of 41 families), the lowland weeds which are found in and around lowland fields (11 annuals and 37 perennials-a total of 48 species of 18 families) and the common weeds which grow both in upland fields and lowland fields (12 annuals and 25 perennials-a total of 37 species of 15 families).
Fifty three species of weeds belonging to 27 families were identified as poisonous. These weeds included 9 annuals and 44 perennials, and 24 species of them were found in only non-arable lands.
One hundred and three species of the naturalized weeds were found in arable or non-arable lands. They consisted of 39 annuals and 64 perennials, belonging to 23 families, and 64 species among them were growing in upland fields.
By their weedy members alone, the following families most plentifully represented are: Comopositae (51), Gramineae (44), Caryophllaceae (20), Labiatae (17), Polygonaceae (17), Cruciferae (13), Ranunculaceae (12), Cyperaceae (12).View full abstractDownload PDF (625K) -
Hiroshi DAITO, Kunihisa MORINAGA1980 Volume 25 Issue 4 Pages 279-285
Published: December 25, 1980
Released on J-STAGE: December 17, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSGlyphosate (Roundup) [N-(phosphonomethyl) glycine] solution was sprayed in solutions of 2% and 4% on nezasa (Pleioblastus distichus Muroi et H. Okamura var. nezasa Muroi) and kudzu vine (Pueraria lobata (Willd.) Ohwi) which were growing in the citrus groves. These perennial weeds were treated overhead with a spray volume of 50 liters/10a on July 17 and August 23, 1978.
Effects of the 2% glyphosate solution on nezasa appeared within 3 weeks and no recurrence of growth was observed until the following spring. The 2% glyphosate solution also gave complete control of the kudzu vine. Effects appeared within 10 days and, again, no recurrence of growth was observed until the following spring. Respiration rate, and activity, total carbohydrates, total sugars and starch of the rhizomes of nezasa sprayed with 2% glyphosate decreased markedly the following spring.
Glyphosate was translocated into the rhizomes of these perennial weeds, and it is supposed that translocated glyphosate will decay the underground and top parts.View full abstractDownload PDF (5067K) -
Sayyed Ashour AHMED, Misako ITO, Kunikazu UEKI1980 Volume 25 Issue 4 Pages 286-293
Published: December 25, 1980
Released on J-STAGE: December 17, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESS2, 4-D dimethylamine at 22.4g a. i./a and ametryne at 11.2g a. i./a were applied on waterhyacinth in 150 liter- 60cm deep plastic pots in the greenhouse on July 9th, 1979. Dissolved oxygen, water temperature, pH, total suspended matter, chemical oxygen demand, organic and inorganic carbon, chlorophyll a, soluble orthophosphate and ammonia nitrogen were assayed at 15 and 45cm depths for 126 days after the application. 2, 4-D gave complete kill for waterhyacinth plants 3 weeks after application while ametryne treated plants were partially killed. The decomposition of waterhyacinth as a result of 2, 4-D application resulted in changes in water quality: oxygen depletion from 2 to 8 weeks after application; production of algae and phytoplankton; release of carbon compounds; phosphorus and ammonia production; and increase in pH, chemical oxygen demand and suspended matter. Maximum water pollution indicated by these parameters occurred 12-14 weeks after application. Differeneces in water quality between treatments and untreated control are presented.View full abstractDownload PDF (843K) -
Minoru TAKABAYASHI, Norihiko KOBAYASHI, Hajimu KOMADA1980 Volume 25 Issue 4 Pages 294-296
Published: December 25, 1980
Released on J-STAGE: December 17, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (317K) -
Hirohiko MORITA, Yasuo DOI1980 Volume 25 Issue 4 Pages 297-299
Published: December 25, 1980
Released on J-STAGE: December 17, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (3663K) -
Seiko SUGAWARA1980 Volume 25 Issue 4 Pages 300-303
Published: December 25, 1980
Released on J-STAGE: December 17, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (596K) -
1980 Volume 25 Issue 4 Pages 304-316
Published: December 25, 1980
Released on J-STAGE: December 17, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (1470K) -
Nobumasa ICHIZEN, Hidejiro SHIBAYAMA, Kiyoshi KOJIMA, Katsuyoshi NOGUC ...1980 Volume 25 Issue 4 Pages 317-322
Published: December 25, 1980
Released on J-STAGE: December 17, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (863K) -
1980 Volume 25 Issue 4 Pages 323-326
Published: December 25, 1980
Released on J-STAGE: December 17, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (491K)
- |<
- <
- 1
- >
- >|