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Volume 52, Issue 4
Displaying 1-18 of 18 articles from this issue
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Yasuhiko TAGO2004 Volume 52 Issue 4 Pages 315-323
Published: December 20, 2004
Released on J-STAGE: March 09, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSRelationship between the standard length of ayu Plecoglossus altivelis migrating up rivers and the water temperature of the rivers was investigated from 1994 to 2003 in the lower reaches of the Shou and Jinzu rivers flowing into Toyama Bay and the sea near the mouth of the Jinzu River. The minimum length of ayu collected in both rivers gradually decreased as the water temperature of the river increased, and the relation between the minimum standard length (y) of ayu and water temperature (x) fitted a linear regression curve as expressed by y = 8.48 - 0.174x (P<0.001) . The maximum length of ayu collected in the sea was found to be smaller as the water temperature of the sea increased, and the relation between the maximum length (y) of ayu and water temperature (x) fitted a linear regression curve as expressed by y =11.2 - 0.291x (P = 0.004) . The migration of ayu into the rivers started when the water temperature reached 10°C, and ayu were not collected in the sea when the water temperature exceeded 17°C. The reason why the mean body size of the ayu migrating up rivers earliest is largest is considered to be that larger individuals can better tolerate cold water. The period of ayu's migration into the Shou River was estimated for 27 days to 69 days during late March to middle June. In the case of stocking of ayu juveniles derived from sea-run type into a river, it is considered that bigger individuals (standard length ≥ 9 cm) should be released in the first period when the water temperature is at 10°C, and smaller individuals (standard length ≥ 6 cm) could be released in the peak period when the water temperature approaches 14°C.View full abstractDownload PDF (1275K) -
Tsuyoshi SASAKI, Toshiro SARUWATARI, Seiichi WATANABE2004 Volume 52 Issue 4 Pages 325-328
Published: December 20, 2004
Released on J-STAGE: March 09, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSOtoliths were examined from 581 fish specimens that were collected from August 1997 to April 1998 in the mouth of the Hei River, and 300 fish specimens were collected from April to June in 1998 in spawning site of the Hei River. Results of those examinations revealed the age composition of anadromous wakasagi, Hypomesus nipponensis. The opaque zone and translucent zone are formed sequentially: the first translucent zone (T1) is formed in August-November and the first opaque zone (O1) is formed in October-April; the second translucent zone (T2) is formed in May - September and the second opaque zone (O2) is formed in August - April. This study found that a 0+ year-old fish forms a first opaque zone (O1), whereas a 1+ year-old fish forms a second opaque zone (O2) in their respective otoliths. Based on those findings, 609 fish specimens were collected at the spawning site of the Hei River from April to June in 2001. They were examined to determine their age composition. Both 0+ and 1+ year-old fish were found in the spawning site of the river.View full abstractDownload PDF (2455K) -
Vladimir PUENTES GRANADA, Yasuji MASUDA, Tatsuro MATSUOKA2004 Volume 52 Issue 4 Pages 329-340
Published: December 20, 2004
Released on J-STAGE: March 09, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe annual reproductive cycle and spawning frequency of yellowbelly threadfin bream Nemipterus bathybius in Kagoshima Bay, southern Japan, were examined with histological sections of 612 ovaries. Based on the appearance of the most advanced oocytes, postovulatory follicles and atretic oocytes, ovaries were divided into the following seven maturity phases: immature, developing I and II, mature, spawning, spent, and resting. The appearance of the spawning phase revealed that the spawning season was June to October, with a peak-spawning season in July to September. The appearance of the most advanced oocyte by sampling hours showed that hydration occurs in the morning, and ovulation and spawning may arise from the evening to the night. The presence of multiple oocyte maturation stages, together with postovulatory follicles, evidences the species as a multiple spawner. In the peak spawning season, spawning frequency was estimated as 35% i.e. females spawned every 2.9 days.View full abstractDownload PDF (7284K) -
Daisuke TAHARA, Kanta NAKANO, Toshiaki MIYADAI, Isao YANO2004 Volume 52 Issue 4 Pages 341-349
Published: December 20, 2004
Released on J-STAGE: March 09, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSVitellin (Vn) was purified from the mature ovaries of the kuruma prawn (Marsupenaeus japonicus) with gel filtration, polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE), and electro-elution. Native-and SDS-PAGE revealed that the purified Vn was a lipo-glyco-caroteno-protein of 530 kDa consisting of four subunits (70, 83, 105, and 190 kDa) . Gly, Ala, and Glu were the dominant amino acids of Vn. The antiserum against the purified Vn, which was raised in a rabbit, immunoreacted with vitellogenin (VTG) in the hemolymph and Vn in the ovary by immunodiffusion and Western blotting. Positive immunoreaction with the antiserum was detected in the cytoplasm of oocytes at the late perinucleolus stage. However follicle cells surrounding the oocytes were not immunostained at any developmental stage. No immunoreaction was detected in the cortical rods of mature oocytes. Immunohistochemical observation revealed that the accumulation of Vn in the cytoplasm of the oocytes began at the early vitellogenic stage. These results indicate that the level of in situ cellular VTG in follicle cells is below the limit of immunodetection.View full abstractDownload PDF (7625K) -
Mohamad M. SHAFIEIPOUR, Toyomi TAKAHASHI, Kengo ISHINO, Yukihiro KONNO ...2004 Volume 52 Issue 4 Pages 351-358
Published: December 20, 2004
Released on J-STAGE: March 09, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSTo clarify the annual life cycle of adult marbled sole Pleuronectes yokohamae in the coastal waters around Kikonai Bay, the seasonal changes in gonadosomatic index, hepatosomatic index, and condition factor of samples obtained with commercial set nets and research bottom trawl nets during May 1994 through October 1996 were examined. In addition, feeding intensity was investigated using a stomach contents index and noting the percentage of empty stomach. The annual life cycle of adult P. yokohamae was divided into the following three periods: spawning (February-April), active feeding and recovering (May-July), and inactive feeding (August -January) . The inactive feeding period was further divided into two sub-periods: immature (August-October) and mature (November-January) . It seems likely that P. yokohamae in this study area feeds intensively after spawning and matures under these high levels of nutrition.View full abstractDownload PDF (1103K) -
Tatsuya KOBAYASHI, Yasuharu ISHITAKA, Makoto IMAI, Yoshifumi KAWAGUCHI2004 Volume 52 Issue 4 Pages 359-364
Published: December 20, 2004
Released on J-STAGE: March 09, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA disease showing body discoloration, exophthalmus and erosive cutaneous lesions occurred in cultured rockfish Sebastes schlegeli. A bacterium was isolated from the liver, spleen, kidney and brain of diseased fish. The bacterium exhibited a positive reaction in a slide agglutination test with a rabbit antiserum raised against Lactococcus garvieae. Histopathological examinations of the diseased fish revealed prominent necrotic lesions in the splenic ellipsoids and epicarditis. However, none of the diseased fish had a granuloma in the brain, eye or visceral organs. The hematocrit value and phagocytic rate of granulocytes in the diseased fish group (38.1±3.2% and 19.6±12.3%, respectively) were significantly smaller than the values of the healthy fish group (50.4±1.4% and 44.3±5.3%, respectively) . Peripheral monocyte and granulocyte counts in the diseased fish group were (19.1±17.1% and 22.0±19.7%, respectively) tended to be higher than those of the healthy fish group (2.1±1.1% and 2.4±0.6%, respectively), while no significant difference was shown in the peripheral lymphocyte count between the diseased and healthy fish groups. The present results reveal that the diseased rockfish were acute cases of L. garvieae infection.View full abstractDownload PDF (4373K) -
Yuuki KITADAI, Shusaku KADOWAKI2004 Volume 52 Issue 4 Pages 365-374
Published: December 20, 2004
Released on J-STAGE: March 09, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSBiological water purification by culturing Undaria pinnatifida in coastal fish farms was estimated as a function of dissolved inorganic nutrients, light intensity, and water temperature.U. pinnatifida was cultured from 1 m to 4 m depths in coastal fish farms from November, 2002 to May, 2003. The maximum growth rate and growth of blade length were recorded 4.2 cm/day in growth phase, reached to 182 cm in maturation phase at 2 m depth. Average contents of total nitrogen (N) and total phosphorus (P) in blade part of U. pinnatifida reached to 19 mg N/g dry and 2.3 mg P/g dry in all phase. The maximum N, P uptake rates by blade part of U. pinnatifida were 3.1 mg N/m2/day and 0.54 mg P/m2/day at 2 m depth. Michaelis-Menten's constants of N, P uptake rates were 17μg N/l and 6.2 μg P/l. Downward irradiance of 670μmol/m2/s resulted in the maximum N, P uptake rates. N, P uptake rates by blade part of U. pinnatifida at 16°C were 2.5 mg N/m2/day and 0.44 mg P/m2/day. Water temperature coefficients of N, P uptake rates were 1.090 and 1.081. The N and P uptake rates of cultured U. pinnatifida were formulated from dissolved inorganic nutrients, light intensity and water temperature characteristics found in coastal fish farms, and the calculated values corresponded well with the observed values.View full abstractDownload PDF (1396K) -
Norio ONIKURA, Naohiko TAKESHITA, Seiichi MATSUI, Seiro KIMURA2004 Volume 52 Issue 4 Pages 375-379
Published: December 20, 2004
Released on J-STAGE: March 09, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAge, daily growth, and hatching dates of larvae and juveniles Trachidermus fasciatus collected in the coastal area in Ariake Bay, Kyushu Island, from 1993 to 1995, were investigated on the basis of otolith increment counts. Daily increment formation was observed in reared larvae. The wild larvae and juveniles that were caught were 1-39 days old (D) and 6.57-25.08 mm in standard length (SL) and showed a linear growth: SL=0.3887 D+5.829. The larvae and juveniles had hatched over a period of approximately 1 month, and the hatching dates were estimated between late February and early April.View full abstractDownload PDF (2690K) -
Tsugiyo YUKINO, Masahiro HAYASHI, Takao YOSHIMATSU, Isao MARUYAMA, His ...2004 Volume 52 Issue 4 Pages 381-386
Published: December 20, 2004
Released on J-STAGE: March 09, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe cultivation of rotifers using docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) -enriched Chlorella vulgaris K-22 as a food was investigated. The exogenous DHA was incorporated into neutral lipids in DHA enriched C. vulgaris cells. The highest percentage of DHA in the total fatty acids of cellular lipids reached 82.9%. During the nutritional enrichment of rotifers with DHA enriched C. vulgaris, the amount of DHA in the rotifers rapidly increased to 3.3% over 6 hours. During the course of the 3-day cultivation of the rotifers, those provided with DHA-enriched C. vulgaris showed higher population growth, and maintained higher stable levels of DHA, than rotifers that were given non-enriched C. vulgaris. Thus, cultivation by providing rotifers with DHA enriched C. vulgaris resulted in rotifers possessing high DHA content without the use of additional nutritional enrichment procedures.View full abstractDownload PDF (794K) -
Kenji TAKII, Shin-ichi AKIYAMA, Takashi MAOKA, Kumi HIDAKA, Kodo OTAKA ...2004 Volume 52 Issue 4 Pages 387-394
Published: December 20, 2004
Released on J-STAGE: March 09, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSNutritive values of yeast autolysates, Candida utilus (CA), Hansenula anomala (HA) and Rhodotorula glutinis (RA), and their mixtures, C. utilus + R. glutinis (CRA), H. anomala + R. glutinis (HRA) and C. utilus + H. anomala (CHA) as a single cell protein (SCP), were evaluated by substituting near half of fish meal in a diet for red sea bream, Pagrus major. Apparent protein digestibilities of diets including CA, HA, CRA and CHA were similar to a control fish meal diet, but those of diets including RA and HRA were significantly lower than the control diet. Apparent lipid digestibilities of diets including CA, HA and RA, apparent sugar and energy digestibilities of diets excepting the diet including CHA were significantly lower than the control diet. Fish given diets including CRA and HRA maintained higher daily intake but lower feed efficiency, protein efficiency ratio, energy efficiency and apparent protein and lipid retentions than fish given the control diet. Therefore, the CHA was evaluated as useful dietary SCP for red sea bream, due to comparable weight gain, growth performance and digestibility to fish given the control diet.View full abstractDownload PDF (1183K) -
Taiga YODO, Kei'ichiro IGUCHI2004 Volume 52 Issue 4 Pages 395-400
Published: December 20, 2004
Released on J-STAGE: March 09, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSStomach contents of 82 larvae and juveniles (8.3-25.4 mm SL) and 30 young and adults (55.2-280.1 mm SL) of smallmouth bass Micropterus dolomieu collected in the Nogu River, Nagano Prefecture were examined. The Nogu River is a moderate to rapidly flowing stream and the current velocities of sampling stations were 16.5 to 73.4 cm/s (mean, 57.3) . Smallmouth bass larvae and juveniles mainly fed on aquatic insects which were represented by chironomid larvae or baetid nymphs. Although, aquatic insects such as baetid and heptageniid nymphs were also important prey of young and adult smallmouth bass, they fed on various prey including fishes with a well developed swimming ability such as ayu Plecoglossus altivelis altivelis or masu salmon Oncorhynchus masou masou. With growth their main prey items shifted from stationary to slow moving benthic and finally to free swimming species. We conclude that smallmouth bass damage to the stream-dwelling fishes as competitors for prey resources in addition to the direct predator.View full abstractDownload PDF (944K) -
Kazufumi OSAKO, Satoshi OHASHI, Mohammed Anwar HOSSAIN, Koichi KUWAHAR ...2004 Volume 52 Issue 4 Pages 401-406
Published: December 20, 2004
Released on J-STAGE: March 09, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSFor the purpose of potential utilization of the sea lettuce (Ulva pertusa), which caused environmental degradation as a luxuriant vegetation along the Japanese coast line, we investigated its aptitude as a raw material for the preparation of the abalone diet. The proximate composition, fatty acids, and amino acids composition of sea lettuce were compared to those of wakame, makonbu, hiziki, and akamoku. Higher level of crude protein content was found in the sea lettuce powder than the other algae examined in the present study. Occurrence of n-3 and n-6 PUFA were observed in sea lettuce powder, though the amounts of those were very lower than other algae. The sea lettuce powder was mixed with sodium alginate and fresh water, and then clotted like a sheet through immersion in a calcium chloride solution. The sea lettuce sheet was fed to the abalone (Haliotis discus discus) for a month and compared its growth trait with those of the abalone fed with other algae. The growth ratio and the mortality rate of the abalone fed with the sea lettuce sheets were not inferior to those of the abalone fed with wakame or makonbu sheets. The findings suggest that sea lettuce is a potential raw material for the preparation of the abalone feed.View full abstractDownload PDF (941K) -
Shigeaki GORIE, Minoru TANDA, Satoshi KATAYAMA2004 Volume 52 Issue 4 Pages 407-411
Published: December 20, 2004
Released on J-STAGE: March 09, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe age and growth of white-spotted conger Conger myriaster, which were collected in northeast Harima Nada, Seto Inland Sea, Japan were studied by observing burnt sagittal otolith under UV light. Of the 222 individuals, sex of 170 fish was identified; 162 were female and 8 were male. Total length of the collected white-spotted conger ranged from 286 to 364 mm in the males and from 301 to 822 mm in the females. Seasonal change in the proportion of the bright zone at the otolith margin showed that the bright zone was formed once a year from April to August. Therefore, the sagittal otoliths of white-spotted conger can be used to determine age. The white-spotted congers caught in northeast Harima Nada were found to be mainly from 1 to 4-year-old. The fish showed a wide variation of total length in the same year class, and age composition in the same total length class. These results suggest that the age composition of white-spotted conger cannot be accurately estimated based on length frequency analysis only without age determination. For resource management purposes, we suggest the development of the age-length key method for preliminary determination of the age composition of white-spotted conger.View full abstractDownload PDF (706K) -
Izuru KAKUTA2004 Volume 52 Issue 4 Pages 413-420
Published: December 20, 2004
Released on J-STAGE: March 09, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA sulfated fucose-containing polysaccharide (fucoidan) derived from kelp Kjellmaniella crassifolia Miyabe was evaluated for its ability to enhance the biodefense activity and to improve physiological conditions of young carp, Cyprinus carpio L. Oral administration of fucoidan (50 and 200 mg/kg body weight/day) to the fish for 4 weeks resulted in increased most biodefense indexes as follows: the number of lymphocytes and granulocytes in blood, the phagocytic activity of granulocyte, natural killer (NK) like cell reaction and plasma lysozyme activity. Lower values for total lipid, lipid peroxide and L-Aspartate: 2-oxoglutarate aminotransferase (GOT) in plasma were observed at group receiving fucoidan. These results indicate that the fucoidan enhance the biodefense ability and improve the health condition of carp.View full abstractDownload PDF (1582K) -
Chutima HANJAVANIT, Shinpei WADA, Osamu KURATA, Kishio HATAI2004 Volume 52 Issue 4 Pages 421-422
Published: December 20, 2004
Released on J-STAGE: March 09, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSPathological and mycological studies were performed on a fungal disease in juvenile red sea bream (Pagrus major) . Histopathologically, numerous, frequently septate fungal hyphae were observed in the lesions of dermal and muscular layers with apparent granulomatous inflammation while the hyphae did not penetrate into the internal organs. Histopathological features suggested that the organism should be classified as dematiaceous fungi. From the morphological characteristics, the isolated fungi were identified as Scytalidium infestans.View full abstractDownload PDF (2638K) -
Takanobu GOTO, Hiroyuki FUNATSU, Hiroki SUGIYAMA, Yuko OSADA, Fumihiko ...2004 Volume 52 Issue 4 Pages 423-424
Published: December 20, 2004
Released on J-STAGE: March 09, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSEffects of soy protein concentrate (SPC) on hepatic enzyme activities involved in taurine biosynthesis were determined in fish. Bluegill Lepomis macrochirus was fed on a diet containing fish meal, SPC, or a 1: 1 mixture of both (w/w) for 21 days. Fish grew normally during the experimental period, but feeding with SPC resulted in lower hepatosomatic indexes. No significant differences were observed in muscular taurine level or hepatic aspartate aminotransferase among the dietary treatments. However, hepatic cysteinesulfinate decarboxylase activities in fish fed SPC diets were markedly lower than those in fish fed a fish meal diet.View full abstractDownload PDF (349K) -
Masanobu MATSUOKA2004 Volume 52 Issue 4 Pages 425-426
Published: December 20, 2004
Released on J-STAGE: March 09, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe occurrence of deformity of the internostril epidermis was examined in artificially raised ayu Plecoglossus altivelis juveniles. Samples reared at the Hiroshima Prefectural Fisheries Farming Association and the Yamaguchi Prefectural Gaikai 2nd Fisheries Farming Center contained 2.5% and 2.6% specimens with deformed nostrils, respectively. On the other hand, in the samples reared at the Yamaguchi Prefectural Naikai Fisheries Farming Center, 75% specimens had deformed nostrils.View full abstractDownload PDF (2462K) -
2004 Volume 52 Issue 4 Pages 427-491
Published: December 20, 2004
Released on J-STAGE: March 09, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (14426K)
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