1) As the conclusion of our observations, we add the following facts to the electron microscopic report of the human placenta by Wislocki and Dempsey (1955).
a) In syncytiotrophoblast are observed cell-gaps and a double membrane structure.
b) The syncytial cells and Langhans' cells are conjugated with one another by a cement substance.
c) In the syncytiocytoplasm are found substances like Golgi canal or sac.
d) The fetal capillary walls are built up stratiform by the endothelial cells, and the four connected parts of cells are observed in the blood vessel cavity.
2) With the electron microscope many microvilli of various types are observed on the brush border of syncytialtrophoblast. This seems to exert an influence upon the absorption of materials from maternal blood.
3) The placental membrane is, as Hamilton says, composed of the four layers, but the exchange of substances is carried on in the three layers excepting cytotrophoblast.
4) The osmiophil granules of syncytial cytoplysm have a close connection with steroid hormones. The research in the process of the development of these granules would give an important clue in elucidating the process of the secretion of the hormones.

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Variations in mammary response and corrected mammary response of inbred female mice with estrogen treatment were investigated in comparison with those of mice which were randomly and inbred for short time. All mice tested were injected with total doses of 12.5 I. U. of synthetic estrogen five times from 20 days of birth every third day. Mammary response was manifested in mammary area of mice treated with estrogen and further, corrected for body weight.
It seemed to be plausible that inbred mice did not show more uniform response in respect to both mammary response and corrected mammary response than the mice which were bred randomly and inbred for short time. Therefore, it was conclued that the use of inbred mice itself might not be necessarily preferred to that of mice which have been kept without inbreeding, in respect to variation of a character chosen to be of the type measured in bio-assay.

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1. The potentiation and prolongation of hydrocortisone by glycyrrhizine was observed in the patients with acute rheumatic fever and lupus erythematosis disseminatus.
2. We found the facts through our experiments that administration of glycyrrhizine caused the increased excretion of free 17-OHCS, decreased excretion of conjugated 17-OHCS and somewhat decreased excretion of total 17-OHCS.
3. Influence of glycyrrhizine on plasma 17-OHCS and circulatory eosinophils was investigated.
4. In vitro investigation, we have found that glycyrrhizine inhibits the metabolism of corticoids.
5. It is suggested that the effect of glycyrrhizine upon the corticoids metabolism may be “competitive inhibition”.

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Using male rabbits the effects of cortisone acetate upon the barbital anesthesia were investigated with the following results:
1. The depth of anesthesia attained the maximum at 1.5 hours after the injection in both control and CA experiments.
2. Waking-time tended to be shortened by CA treatment.
3. Barbital concentration in the blood did not change by CA treatment.
4. Barbital amount in the urine increased markedly by CA treatment.
5. Body temperature did not change significantly by CA treatment.

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1. The zona glomerulosa shows a close relationship with calcium and magnesium metabolism in addition to sodium and potassium metabolism. It was observed that the outer and inner cortical layers have a different function.
2. An apparent transition was observed between the capsule and the zona glomerulosa in the hypertrophied glomerulosa in the hypertrophied glomerulosa of mice and rats. These findings show that cortical cells originate from capsular cells.
3. The glomerulosa structure is capable of alteration to the fasciculata structure, and close continuity was observed in the glomerulosa of rats. This suggests that the cells of the glomerulosa are capable of being transformed into cells of the fasciculata.
4. Atrophy of the inner cortical layei s was observed accompanied by hypertrophy of the zona glomerulosa. This finding suggests that the glomerulosa cell and the fasciculata cell have the same origin, and are not independent.
5. The results of this experiment shcw that the adrenocortical cells all proliferate from the same origin, and the secretory functions of the outer and inner layers are different. That is, immature glomerulosa cells secrete a hormone which regulates electrolyte metabolism without pituitary control, but transformed mature fasciculata cells stimulated by pituitary ACTH, come to secrete a hormone which regulates sugar metabolism under pituitary control.

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Five patients with chronic active rheumatoid arthritis received intramuscular or intra-articular injection of hydrocortisone acetate. The dose was more than 250mg. Clinical systemic effects, eosinopenia, and increased steroids excretion were observed following intra-articular injections. These effects were less pronounced or absent following intramuscular injections.

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1. Administration of arsenic (mapharsemine) to rats gives rise to a high plasm level of corticosterone and increases the content of corticoids of the same fraction in adrenal glands, while in rats intoxicated with phosphorus or with lead, the level of corticosterone in plasma and the content of corticoids in the same fraction of adrenal glands are decreased.
In every case of intoxication i. e. with arsenic, phosphorus and lead, corticoids of the so-called Fk-fraction greatly increase in plasma as well as in adrenal glands, meanings which are not yet clear.
2. When arsenite solution is administered to normal subjects and to patients after the prescription, the levels of hydrocortisone and corticoids of Bk-fraction rise in plasma and the urinary excretion of 17-OH-corticosteroids increases gradually with the time of medication. One of the physiological bases of therapy with arsenic must be in stimulation of the adrenocortico-pituitary function.

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