Endocrinologia Japonica
Online ISSN : 2185-6370
Print ISSN : 0013-7219
ISSN-L : 0013-7219
Volume 21, Issue 6
Displaying 1-12 of 12 articles from this issue
  • MANABU YOSHIMURA, YUKIO OCHI, TAKASHI HACHIYA, TADAYOSHI MIYAZAKI, TAK ...
    1974 Volume 21 Issue 6 Pages 471-476
    Published: 1974
    Released on J-STAGE: January 25, 2011
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    The presence of three different growth hormones (GH) in molecular weight, “big big GH”, “big GH” and “little GH”, is reported here. Human pituitary extracts from an acromegalic patient and from a postmortum patient were fractionated into three fractions using gel filtration of Sephadex G-200. The major component of the pituitary GH was observed at the most retarded fraction (“little GH”), which was identical with the highly purified HGH in the elution pattern. The “big GH” was less retarded in the gel filtration and was eluted between the “little GH” and 4S fraction. The small peak of GH with the largest molecular weight (“big big GH”) was eluted between 19S and 7S fractions. The activity of these three GHs in different molecular weights was observed using GH radioimmunoassay. In refiltration of each fraction of normal human pituitary extract, these three components were isolated independently at each filtration. The conversion from “big big GH” to “big GH” or to “little GH” was observed during st orage at 4°C for 7 days and the similar conversion, from “big GH” to “little GH” was also observed in refiltration of “big GH”, however the reverse reaction from “little GH” to “big GH” was not observed. The physiological significance of these hormones of different molecular weights is not clear, but it is suggested that the immunoreactive OH with large molecular weight may be a form of the precursor or polymer.
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  • YUKITAKA MIYACHI, MITSUSHI INOMATA
    1974 Volume 21 Issue 6 Pages 477-480
    Published: 1974
    Released on J-STAGE: January 25, 2011
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    A simple radioreceptor-assay technique for human follicle stimulating hormone (hFSH) with use of rat testicular slice and enzymatically 125I-labeled hFSH was described. It was shown that 125I-hFSH bound to the testicular slice (30mg) was approximately 2% of the total amount added to the tube (2ng/tube), half of which was displaceable in the presence of 1μg/tube of unlabeled hFSH. Although only small amount of 125I-hFSH was bound specifically to the tissue, the binding was not inhibited by other peptide hormones tested. The testicular receptor for hFSH had high affinity constant (2.5×109M-1) and hormonal specificity, suggesting a possibility of the physiological application of this radioreceptor assay for the measurement of hFSH in body fluids.
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  • YING-SHIH LEE, NAKAAKI OHSAWA
    1974 Volume 21 Issue 6 Pages 481-484
    Published: 1974
    Released on J-STAGE: January 25, 2011
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    A non-chromatographic radioimmunoassay for plasma dexamethasone is presented. Corticosteroid binding protein (CGB) was used to bind endogenous steroids, and free dexamethasone was adsorbed with Florisil. The purified sample was assayed by using an antiserum to dexamethasone-21-BSA. The plasma blank was less than 10 pg. When 0.1ml of plasma containing 20ng of cortisol was measured, the blank could not be differentiated from charcoal treated plasma. 3H-dexamethasone recovery from purification procedures was 33.2±4.4%. Accuracy and precision were satisfactory. Plasma dexamethasone concentrations in patients receiving dexamethasone administration are also reported.
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  • KAZUO SHIZUME, REIKO DEMURA, KEIKO ICHIKAWA, KAZUE TAKANO, EMI ODAGIRI ...
    1974 Volume 21 Issue 6 Pages 485-492
    Published: 1974
    Released on J-STAGE: January 25, 2011
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Eleven patients with idiopathic pituitary dwarfism were treated with KABI human growth hormone (HGH), and clinical effects on a linear growth and HGH antibodiesduring a course of a treatment were studied. The growth rate was 2.8 to 13.4cm/year in individual cases, and it was less than 5cm/year in 3 cases. One of them had a marked hypothyroidism and later thyroid replacement therapy increased a growth rate definitely. In other 2 cases, HGH antibodies were thought to be the cause of ineffectiveness. HGH antibodies with high titers were found in 4 cases before starting KABI HGH. All of those 4 cases had received Raben's HGH for 1 to 4years just preceding to KABI HGH. Antibody titers decreased after switching to KABI HGH in 3 of 4 cases and the restoration of growth was noted in 2 of them. On the contrary, in the rest of the cases, who were treated only with KABI HGH, no antibody developed in 3 cases and antibody of low titer developed in 4 cases. In these 4 cases no attenuation of growth was observed. From the above observations it is concluded that KABI HGH is clinically effective and much less antigenic than Raben's HGH.
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  • YOSHIKATSU NAKAI, HIROO IMURA
    1974 Volume 21 Issue 6 Pages 493-497
    Published: 1974
    Released on J-STAGE: January 25, 2011
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    The effects of adrenergic-blocking agents on plasma human growth hormone (hGH) response to L-5-hydroxytryptophan (5-HTP) were studied in man. Oral administration of 150mg of 5-HTP caused a rise in plasma hGH in most of the normal subjects tested, with peak hGH levels of 14.6±2.6ng/ml (mean±SEM). Concomitant administation of propranolol, a beta adrenergic-blocking agent, significantly increased plasma hGH response to 5-HTP. On the contrary, stimulation of growth hormone release by 5-HTP was partially but significantly inhibited by i.v. infusion of phentolamine, an alpha adrenergic-blocking agent. Possible mechanisms by which adrenergic-blocking agents affect plasma hGH response to 5-HTP are discussed.
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  • TAKESHI MARUO, YOSHIHIKO ASHITAKA, MATSUTO MOCHIZUKI, SHIMPEI TOJO
    1974 Volume 21 Issue 6 Pages 499-505
    Published: 1974
    Released on J-STAGE: January 25, 2011
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Using 3H-proline as a marker of synthesized hCG, human chorionic tissue of the first trimester of pregnancy was cultivated in a synthetic medium which contained no serum component. By a combination of Sephadex G-100 gel filtration and DEAE-cellulose chromatography, biosynthesized 3H-labeled hCG in the medium was purified.
    On DEAE-cellulose chromatography immunoreactive hCG was eluted at a conductivity of 4.2-6.5 and 7.8-11.3 mmhos, whereas native hCG had been eluted only at a conductivity of 1.5-4.2 mmhos. On polyacrylamide disc gel electrophoresis 3H-radioactivity and immunoreactivity of hCG showed a peak in the same segment of the disc which corresponded to the migration area of native hCG. Sialic acid content of the biosynthesized 3H-labeled hCG was 0.04-0.05% whereas it was 3.0-3.8% in native hCG. In Ouchterlony immunodiffusion the biosynthesized hCG fraction eluted at a lower conductivity of 4.2-6.5 mmhos on DEAE-cellulose clearly made a precipitation line only with anti-hCG serum. On the other hand the fraction eluted at a higher conductivity of 7.8-11.3 mmhos made precipitation lines against both anti-hCG and anti-hCFSH serum. These results certified that hCG labeled with 3H-proline was biosynthesized actively in our culture system and it might be suspected that the biosynthesized hCG had some different properties from native hCG, and that hCFSH could be biosynthesized in vitro, too.
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  • YASUKO KAMIYA, YOICHI KONDO
    1974 Volume 21 Issue 6 Pages 507-519
    Published: 1974
    Released on J-STAGE: January 25, 2011
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Iodocompounds bound with various particulate components in hog thyroid cells were analyzed quantitatively with their chemical and immunological properties based on the iodine analysis of the particulate components and their detergent extracts. Almost all the particle-bound iodine was found to be protein-bound and distributed among various sized particulate components. Sodium deoxycholate (0.26% to 1%) solubilized about 80% of the iodoprotein from either microsomal or lysosomal fraction and about 60% of that from either mitochondrial or nuclear fraction. Addition of 0.5% sodium dodecyl sulfate into 1% sodium deoxycholate caused the solubilization of particle-bound iodoprotein (s) remaining after the sodium deoxycholate treatment. Sixty percent of the microsomal or of the lysosomal iodoproteins solubilized with sodium deoxycholate was precipitated with anti-hog thyroglobulin serum in a “double” immunoprecipitation system, while 40% of the mitochondrial or the nuclear iodoproteins was precipitated. From these analyses, it was concluded that at least 80% of thyroglobulin-related iodoproteins in the particulate fractions was associated with rather small particulate components in the cell homogenate. Analysis by sucrose density gradient centrifugation showed that 50% of the protein-bound iodine solubilized from the microsomal pellet was recovered in 19 S region, suggesting the presence of an appreciable amount of particle-bound thyroglobulin with similar sedimentation property to “soluble” thyroglobulin.
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  • [Des-Gly-NH210, Pro-ethylamide9]-LH-RH
    KAZUYOSHI TAYA, MASAO IGARASHI
    1974 Volume 21 Issue 6 Pages 521-527
    Published: 1974
    Released on J-STAGE: January 25, 2011
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    The effect of a new anaiogue [Des-Gly-NH210, pro-ethylamide9]-LH-RH (TAP-031) on the release of LH and FSH was compared with the effect of synthetic LH-RH by both the in vivo and in vitro assay method. The concentration of FSH and LH in serum and medium was determined by NIAMD-rat hormone radioimmunoassay kits. Single intravenous injections of 1, 10, 100 and 1, 000mμg of TAP-031 in ovariectomized-estrogenprogesterone blocked rats (O.E.P.), induced the increases of serum LH 5 to 60min after injection. In contrast, single injections of the same four doses of LH-RH in O.E.P. rats induced the increase of serum LH at 5 to 30min after injection. Intravenous single injections of 1 and 10mμg of TAP-031 and LH-RH induced no significant elevations of serum FSH in O.E.P. rats. However, injections of 100 and 1, 000mμg of TAP-031 and LH-RH induced significant elevations of serum FSH 1 to 2 hrs after injection of TAP-031, and 10 to 60min after the injection of LH-RH, respectively. The appearance of peak in serum LH and FSH was remarkably postponed in administration of over 100mμg of TAP-031. The increase in serum LH and FSH was larger in administration of TAP-031 than in administration of LH-RH.
    In in vitro rat pituitary incubation experiments, LH and FSH releasing activities of TAP-031 were shown to be stronger than those of LH-RH.
    These data offer the evidences demonstrating that TAP-031 has the stronger and more prolonged LH and FSH releasing activities both in vivo and in vitro than synthetic LH-RH.
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  • SHIGERU MATSUZAKI, MITSUO SUZUKI
    1974 Volume 21 Issue 6 Pages 529-537
    Published: 1974
    Released on J-STAGE: January 25, 2011
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Administration of antithyroid drugs in drinking water to rats resulted in an increase in both thyroid weight and ornithine decarboxylase activity, and in serum thyrotropin (TSH) level. These three parameters seemed to increase in parallel by 10-day treatment with the drugs. The enzyme activity increased 8-to 18-fold on the 4th day of methylthiouracil treatment and there was a gradual decline thereafter, while the thyroid weight increased showing a sigmoid curve during the treatment. Nearly a similar change with that in the enzyme activity was observed in the RNA content during the treatment. After thyroxine injection (200μg/kg), the elevated ornithine decarboxylase activity as well as serum TSH level decreased very rapidly. After cycloheximide injection, the enzyme activity decreased more rapidly, the half-life of this enzyme being calculated to be approximately 15 min. These results seem to indicate that the action of TSH results in de novo synthesis of thyroid ornithine decarboxylase, which in turn may be related to regulation of RNA metabolism via poylamines.
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  • MASAAKI ANDO
    1974 Volume 21 Issue 6 Pages 539-546
    Published: 1974
    Released on J-STAGE: January 25, 2011
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Transepithelial potential difference (PD) and net water flux were estimated simultaneously in the posterior part of the intestine isolated from Japanese eels with special reference to the role of cortisol in the sea-water adaptation of the intestine. When cortisol was previously injected into freshwater eels, the serosa negativity of the PD, water flux and osmotic permeability (Po) increased at 24 hr after the injection and attained the levels of sea-water eels. Cortisol injection into sea-water eels further increased the Po. When cortisol was added to the serosal fluid of the isolated intestine from sea-water eels, the water flux and tissue water content increased after 7 hr. With the intestine from hypophysectomized fresh-water eels, similar treatment with cortisol enhanced the water flux, tissue water content and serosa negativity of the PD, whereas no such in vitro effects of cortisol was observed in intact fresh-water eels. These results indicate that cortisol acts directly on the intestinal epithelium and increases the serosa negativity of the PD and water permeability. Absence of in vitro effect of cortisol in the fresh-water eel seems to be due to antagonistic effect of prolactin.
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  • YOSHIHIKO ASHITAKA, RYUICHIRO NISHIMURA, KAZUMITSU FUTAMURA, MASANOBU ...
    1974 Volume 21 Issue 6 Pages 547-550
    Published: 1974
    Released on J-STAGE: January 25, 2011
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    hCG, hCG-α and hCG-β in sera of pregnant women and in chorionic tissue weie radioimmunoassayed in respective homologous radioimmunoassay systems. hCG in sera showed a peak in the first trimester. Serum level of hCG-α increased gradually along the pregnancy, reaching maximum in the 36th week of gestation, and decreased toward parturition. hCG-β in sera, however, remained in a lower level throughout the pregnancy. All chorionic tissues contained high amounts of hCG and hCG-α, and a small of hCG-β, although the concentrations of those varied quantitatively with progress of the pregnancy. In chorionic tissue hCG-α and hCG-β might be respectively synthesized, and hCG might be produced by a combination of these subunits.
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  • TSUYOSHI SOJI, TAKUO FUJITA, FUJIO YOSHIMURA
    1974 Volume 21 Issue 6 Pages 551-553
    Published: 1974
    Released on J-STAGE: January 25, 2011
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Single intraperitoneal injection of disodium ethylendiamine tetraacetate (Na2-ED TA) to adult male Wistar rats caused a marked hypocalcemia and definite rise of serum parathyroid hormone (PTH). Electronmicroscopic observation of such hyperfunctioning parathyroid glands revealed numerous characteristic crystals in the dilated rough endoplasmic reticula, in parallel with the degree of hyperfunction. The crystal appeared as a square cylinder measuring as long as 4μ in length. Scarcely secretory granules were demonstrated, and hypertrophied Golgi lamelles showed no formation of granules. Giant globes were occasionally scattered.
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