A protein extract was isolated from the salivary gland of Dolabella scopola, a marine opisthobranch mollusc. The extract was a kind of glycoprotein or glycoprotein-like substance, which was consisted from fourteen kinds of amino acid and one sugar. It caused a increase of calcium level in rat serum on the intraveneous administration and a transitory decrease of the number of leucocytes in rabbit followed by its successive increase.

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Calcium tolerance test was performed on 45 patients. Unusual responses suggesting parathyroid abnormality were found in seven immobilized subjects due to paralytic poliomyelitis. In 33 partially immobilized subjects due to rheumatoid arthritis, the response was found to be between that of normal subjects and of poliomyelitic subjects. The value of “Parathyroid Index” for the evaluation of parathroid function was discussed.

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Using rats, the author investigated effects of lesion made in the hypothalamus and obtained the following results:
1) When lesion was made in the anterior hypothalamus and in the anterior part of the medial hypothalamus, decrease in the weight of the hypophysis and adrenal, and the hypofunction of the adrenal were observed. These changes were suppressed by vasopression injection.
2) When lesion was made in the medial and posterior hypothalamus, there was no decrease in the weight of the hypophysis and adrenal, and in the function of the latter.
From these results it seemed likely that the control center of ACTH release is found in the anterior hypothalamus of the anterior part of the medial hypothalamus, and that vasopressin accelerates the release of ACTH.

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Nucleus paraventricularis of a senile woman died of bleeding in the medulla oblongata was histologically examined by means of Gomori's chrome-alum hematoxylin and phloxine method. Neurosecretory material was rare within the cells of the nucleus, while intracellular vacuoles and perinuclear clear area were observed, and cells with red pyknotic nuclei were occasionally found. Brief comments were made with respect to the present finding with reference to the secretory activity of the nucleus.

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1. Oxygen consumption of mouse liver slices and incorporation of inorganic phosphate into various phosphate fractions (total acid-soluble, inorganic, acidsoluble organic, easily hydrolyzable organic phosphate, lipid, nucleic acids and protein fractions) were measured simultaneously employing radioactive phosphate.
2. Incorporation of P32 into acid-soluble organic phosphate fraction was found to be closely related to the oxygen consumption under the influences of cyanide and anaerobiosis.
3. A measure for estimating the relative rate of oxidative phosphorylation of tissue slices was developed, employing the ratio of P32 incorpolated into the acidsoluble organic phosphate fraction (c. p.m.) to the amount of oxygen consumed (μl).
4. Employing the P³²/O₂ ratio as a measure, 2, 4-dinitrophenol was proved to influence upon oxidative phosphorylation of mouse liver slices in an inhibitory way.
5. Thyroxine at a high concentration of 10^-4M and, when pre-incubated, at lower concentrations of 10^-6M and 10-7M decreased P³²/O₂ ratio markedly, while, without pre-incubation, thyroxine effect was rather stimulating at lower concentrations, the physiological significance of this result being discussed.

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Intravenous glucose tolerance tests in 14 alloxan diabetic rabbits were explored. It was found that almost all the cases showed the humped curve type and not a few the over-humped curve type. Relation between presence of humping and diabetic state and mechanism of appearance of humping or over-humping were briefly discussed.

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Thyrotrophic hormone content of the pituitary of molting and laying hens was determined by the microhistometric method based on the increase in epithelial cell height of the thyroids of the recipient chicks, and the biochemical method based on the increase in P32 uptake by the thyroids of the recipient chicks. By either measurement thyrotrophic hormone content of the pituitary of laying hens was higher than that of the pituitary of molting hens, although no significant difference was observed between the two. Any evidence of the activation of pituitary-thyroid system was not observed in molting period of the hen.

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Glucose-cysteine, hydroquinone, adrenaline, ascorbic acid, aspirin and butazolidin inhibit both the reduction of Δ⁴-3 ketone and the degradation of the side-chain in the metabolism of hydrocortisone in vitro.
PAS and myleran inhibit only the degradation of the side-chain of hydrocortisone.

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Three normal control and 9 treated male adult rabbits and 10 control and 18 treated male adult rats were used for the experiment. In rabbits, 0.25, 0.5 and 1. 0g of IPTD, 0.5, 1.0 and 2.0g of BZ-55 and 2.0g of D-860 were injected intravenously per kg of body weight as well as 1.0 and 2.0g of D-860 intramuscularly. In rats, 0.25, 0.5 and 1.0g of IPTD, 0.5, 1.0 and 2.0g of BZ-55 and 0.5, 1.0 and 2.0g of D-860 were given intraperitoneally per kg of body weight. The blood sugar value was determined by Somogyi-Nelson's method before and at an hour interval up to 6hrs. after injection in rabbits. The value reached to minimum in 2 to 4hrs. in both rabbits and rats, the decrease being in general proportional with the dosage.
In control rabbits alpha cells with clear polygonal contours were scattered either in the periphery or the central area of the islets and stained diffusely with phloxin of Gomori's CHP method. It was observed that alpha cells contain a small amount of Mt in the cell bodies. In rats, it was found the alpha cell zone formed a sort of syncytium on the periphery of the islets surrounding the central area. They were rich nuclei and in rod shaped structures and P-positive. Beta cells having in general clear boundaries were packed with rod shaped structures (CH-positive) and mitochondria or fine granules. Beta granules were not coarse but very fine. The rod shaped structure or mitochondria could be differentiated in beta cells in such a way that they were in close correlation each other, though it was not clear to which beta granules corresponded.
It was observed that the administration of sulfonamide derivatives (5) reduced as a rule the number of alpha cells, changing the degree with islet or animal. No degenerative and destructive alpha cells could be observed. On the other hand, with any dosage of S the CH-positive rod-shaped structures or Mt were observed near the sinusoidal wall when the blood sugar reached the lowest value. It can be therefore considered that these histological changes can be interpreted as the results of release of the hormone caused by stimulation of secretory activity in the cells by the administration of S.
In the islets of Langerhans in the pancreas of rabbits and rats the transition from alpha cell to beta cell can be observed even in the normal state. However, with the administration of S the speed of transition seems to be accelerated and the number of beta cells was considerably increased. With the dose of 2.0g/kg, beta cells were increased quantitatively and a cluster of nuclei appeared. The appearance of vacuoles was also observed in the cell bodies.

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