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Volume 51, Issue 12
Displaying 1-16 of 16 articles from this issue
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SATOSHI FUJIKAWA, MASAHIKO OHKUNI, HUNG-CHI LUE1987 Volume 51 Issue 12 Pages 1347-1349
Published: December 20, 1987
Released on J-STAGE: April 14, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAntibody to group A streptococcal polysaccharide (ASP) is the only antibody of cellular components which is now detectable in clinical practice. Streptococcal polysaccharide is known to have cross-immunity with the glycoprotein of human heart tissue, and has been discussed as a pathogenesis of rheumatic carditis and valvular heart disease. In this study, ASP titer was determined by passive hemagglutination technique in patients with rheumatic fever and rheumatic heart disease. ASP titer showed higher levels in these patients compared to control children, but there was no specificity in rheumatic carditis or rheumatic heart disease.View full abstractDownload PDF (420K) -
NOBUO WATANEBE, KENICHI MIKUNI, YUKIYOSHI NAKAMURA1987 Volume 51 Issue 12 Pages 1350-1352
Published: December 20, 1987
Released on J-STAGE: April 14, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAs the serological test of streptococcal infection, the measurement of anti-exotoxin antibodies such ASO is widely practiced. M protein of the cell wall of group A streptococcus has type specificity. To detect the anti M protein antibody is very significant, but it is not easy to apply this to clinical practice because there are many types and because of the difficulty of purifing M protein. C polypeptide has group specificity, so the measurement of the antibody to C polypeptide is very important as the serological test of group A streptococcus.1View full abstractDownload PDF (340K) -
MASASHI HOKONOHARA, MASAO YOSHINAGA, YASUMITSU BABA1987 Volume 51 Issue 12 Pages 1353-1356
Published: December 20, 1987
Released on J-STAGE: April 14, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSPatients with rheumatic fever (RF) and Kawasaki disease (MCLS) were divided into two groups, one with and the other without cardiovascular lesions, and their sera were examined for antibodies to 4 streptococcal antigens: anti-streptococcal polysaccharide (ASP), anti-deoxyribonuclease B (ADN-B), anti-streptolysin O (ASO) and anti-streptokinase (ASK) in order to clarify the relationship between group A streptococci and these two diseases. In RF the frequency of positive levels of ASP at its early stage was lower than those of the other 3 antibodies, but the ASP titer tended to persist at elevated levels. The frequency of ADN-B in patients with rheumatic heart disease (RHD) was higher than that in those without RHD, but with regard to the other antibodies no difference was found between the two. Of the 4 antibodies the frequency of at least one positive level was 100% in all the sera of RF patients within 3 months from onset. the differences in the frequencies of positive levels of all 4 antibodies in both MCLS and the controls did not prove to be significant. The frequencies of ASP, ADN-B and ASO in the sera of patients without cardiovascular lesions tended to be slightly higher than those in patients with cardiovascular lesions.View full abstractDownload PDF (455K) -
HISASHI OHKUNI, YUKO TODOME, KOZO YOKOMURO, YOSHITAMI KIMURA, MASAMICH ...1987 Volume 51 Issue 12 Pages 1357-1361
Published: December 20, 1987
Released on J-STAGE: April 14, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSWe examined cell wall peptidoglycan (PGL) derived from group A streptococcus and other bacteria for possible induction of coronary arteritis in mouse strains. The histological finding of the main trunk of the coronary arteries of BALB/c, DBA/1J, C57BL/6 and DBA/2 mice, which were given an intravenous injection of sonicated PGL fragments of st. pyogenes at 500 μg per mouse 4 times at intervals of 1 week, showed diffuse cellular infiltration in the vascular wall as well as perivascular space. Marked hyperplasia of the endothelial cells was noted and necrosis of the medial smooth muscle of the coronary artery also was observed. The elastica stain clearly demonstrated fragmentation and degeneration of the elastic fibers. The histological change of the originating site of the aorta also noted swelling or hyperplasia of the endothelial cells and perivascular cellular infiltration. PGL fragments of st. mutans, st. sanguis and s.aureus did not cause any heart lesions. coronary arteritis induced by st. pyogenes PGL could be very useful as an experimental animal model of Kawasaki's disease.View full abstractDownload PDF (1057K) -
AKIRA MATSUMORI, CLYDE S CRUMPACKER, WALTER H ABELMANN, CHUICHI KAWAI1987 Volume 51 Issue 12 Pages 1362-1364
Published: December 20, 1987
Released on J-STAGE: April 14, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe effect of an inactivated virus vaccine and passive immunization was studied in an animal model of viral myocarditis. Encephalomyocarditis (EMC) virus was inactivated by 1:4000 formalin. Four-week-old CD-1 mice were injected subcutaneously and after 7 days intravenously with 0.1 ml vaccine. Seven days after the second vaccine, line EMC virus was inoculated intraperitoneally. None of ten mice with vaccine treatment died or showed myocardial lesions after challenge with EMC virus, whereas all ten mice without vaccine died 5-7 days after EMC virus inoculation and showed severe myocardial lesions. Hyperimmune rabbit serum, made by inactivated EMC virus, had a neutralizing antibody titer of 1:3000. Four-week-old BALB/c mice were injected intramuscularly with 1:10 dilution of hyperimmune rabbit serum in 6 groups (each, n=10) on day -2, -1, 0, 1, 2, or 3, respectively, after inoculation with 10 plaque-forming units of EMC virus, and observed for 14 days. Eight mice infected with the virus without immune serum died and all ten mice showed severe myocardial lesions. No death or myocardial lesion was seen in mice with hyperimmune rabbit serum given on days -2 to 2. In this model, the virus vaccine prevented development of myocarditis, and passive immunization had a protective effect if given early after infection.View full abstractDownload PDF (388K) -
HITOFUMI DEGUCHI, TETSUYA HAYASHI, MASAHIRO KOTAMA, YASUSHI NAKAYAMA, ...1987 Volume 51 Issue 12 Pages 1365-1372
Published: December 20, 1987
Released on J-STAGE: April 14, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThis light- and electron-microscopic immunohistochemical study using monoclonal antibodies analyzes of the in situ lymphocyte subsets in endomyocardial biopsies from 11 patients with dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) and three patients with idiopathic (viral) myocarditis (MYO). In the DCM patients both Leu 2a+ cytotoxic/suppressor T cells (Tc/s) and Leu 3+ helper/inducer T cells (Th/i) were identifiable in the myocardial lesions, and mean Th/i/TC/s (T4/T8) ratio was 0.7±0.6 (mean±SD). In 9 of the 11 DCM patients, Tc/s were more numerous than Th/i cells, so the T4/T8 ratio was less than 1.0. On the other hand, the T4/T8 ratios varied widely in the three MYO patients; one of them had marked mononuclear cell infiltrates with many Th/i in the inflammatory foci and a T4/T8 ratio of 2.6. Immunoelectron microscopy revealed some Th/i in close contact with macrophages. These T cells in the myocardium of DCM and MYO patients appeared to be in vivo effector cells playing an important role in cell-mediated immune responses.View full abstractDownload PDF (1887K) -
SHIGEO WAKAFUJI, SADASHI KAJIYA, MASANORI HAYAKAWA, TAKESHI GOTO, TETS ...1987 Volume 51 Issue 12 Pages 1373-1378
Published: December 20, 1987
Released on J-STAGE: April 14, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSFour patients with acute myocarditis were examined by Ga-67 myocardial scintigraphy. Two cases showed positive scintigram. In one of these cases, the first scintigram showed positive one month after onset of acute myocarditis, and three and four months after its onset, Ga accumulation slightly decreased intermittently. However, six months after its onset, the scintigram showed strongly positive again. Endomyocardial biopsy of this case six months from its onset showed some mononucleal cell infiltration in the myocardial interstitium. From these changes of scintigram during the course of the disease and biopsy findings, this case appeared to be one of "smoldering" or "chronic recurrent" myocarditis. Another case showed weakly positive one month after onset of disease, in spite of a negative CRP. In the remaining two cases, Ga-67 scintigram showed negative, although CRP was + and 5+, respectively. The sensitivity of the Ga-67 myocardial scintigram may not be very high. But when it continues to show positive, acute myocarditis seems to be "smoldering" and transferring to DCM. Ga scintigram is a noninvasive examination for myocarditis and is a useful screening test for identifying myocarditis, and serial scans may eliminate the need for frequent biopsies in suspected myocarditis cases.View full abstractDownload PDF (861K) -
KEISUKE FUKUDA, KIKUO ARAKAWA1987 Volume 51 Issue 12 Pages 1379-1384
Published: December 20, 1987
Released on J-STAGE: April 14, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSHeart autopsies in six cases of fatal myocarditis were examined clinicopathologically. Included were 2 cases in the acute stage, 1 in the subacute stage and 3 in the chronic stage. As to microscopical dating changes, at the acute stage, numerous inflammatory cells were found in the edematous interstitium after 2 days from onset and degeneration, i.e., destruction of myocardial cells without fibrous replacement, was also noted after 11 days. At the subacute stage, irregular patchy and slightly loose fibrosis with inflammatory cells and vascularization was found after 50 days. At the chronic stage, loose fibrosis with inflammatory cells and tight fibrosis without the cells, that is, active and healed myocarditis coexisted. All cases showed heart failure of varying degrees, and also showed, respectively, complete AV block and ventricular fibrillation at the acute stage, and complete AV block and ventricular fibrillation at the acute stage, and complete AV block and sustained ventricular tachycardia at the chronic stage. In myocarditis, which often was difficult to diagnose clinically, the pathological findings corresponded well to the clinical features retrospectively.View full abstractDownload PDF (1253K) -
SACHIO KAWAI, MITSURU SHIMIZU, RYOZO OKADA, SEIMEI IH1987 Volume 51 Issue 12 Pages 1385-1392
Published: December 20, 1987
Released on J-STAGE: April 14, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSEight patients with chronic myocarditis (CM), 2 showing postmyocarditis and 6 showing dilated heart with severe diffuse cell infiltration, were compared morphometrically with 27 patients with dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM, 8 with fibrosis type DCM and 19 with non-fibrosis type DCM) and 10 controls. Patients with CM had a mean age of 43.5 years (range, 17-75 years), a mean duration of clinical illness of 45.5 months, heart weight of 448g, left ventricular wall thickness of 8 mm, number of myocyte layers of the stratum compactum layer of the left ventricle (Nf) of 125, myocyte size of 19.1μm, and % area of fibrosis of 29.1%. The morphometric profile of patients with CM resembled that of patients with fibrosis type DCM; this appeared to be due primarily to a decrease in the number of myocardial cells and an increase in myocardial fibrosis.View full abstractDownload PDF (1817K) -
YASUHISA KAJINO, HAJIME IWAYANI, NORIYUKI HANEDA, MASAKAZU SAITO, TOSH ...1987 Volume 51 Issue 12 Pages 1393-1396
Published: December 20, 1987
Released on J-STAGE: April 14, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAn eight-year-old girl with mitral regurgitation in acute rheumatic fever was examined by echocardiography. The examination showed posterior displacement of the coaptation point of the anterior mitral leaflet, i.e. anterior mitral prolapse, and did not indicate signs of edematous change or verrucous fibrin deposits on the valves. Mitral valve prolapse is thought to be one of the causes of mitral regurgitation in acute rheumatic carditis.View full abstractDownload PDF (934K) -
MASAHIKO OKUNI, NAOKATA SUMITOMO1987 Volume 51 Issue 12 Pages 1397-1399
Published: December 20, 1987
Released on J-STAGE: April 14, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe autopsy findings of sudden deaths of school children revealed that the main causes of death were latent myocarditis and arrhythmia, followed by idiopathic cardiomyopathy. The incidence of sudden death of school children in recent years is gradually increasing and 150 cases of sudden death occurred during the 1983 school year. A high incidence of sudden death in senior high school students was found. Sudden cardiac death accounted for approximately 80% of total deaths. The incidence of sudden cardiac death revealed prominent regional differences in Japan. The average for deaths was 0.40/100, 000 children/5 years and the highest prefecture revealed 0.70 and the lowest 0.07. The cause of such differences is not clear and requires further analysis.View full abstractDownload PDF (368K) -
SUSUMU OKAHATA, TETSURO KAMIYA1987 Volume 51 Issue 12 Pages 1400-1403
Published: December 20, 1987
Released on J-STAGE: April 14, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn order to investigate the influence of cuff size and anthropometric values for the measurement of indirect blood pressure (IP) by sphygmomanometer, IP was measured simultaneously with the recording of direct aortic pressure (DP) by catheter tip micromanometer. Observations were made in 56 patients, aged 3 to 16 years. The majority had a history of Kawasaki disease and some type of congenital heart disease, but all were normotensive and none had aortic insufficiency and stenosis. As IP values, Korotokoff 1 sound, and Korotokoff 4 and 5 sounds were regarded as systolic and diastolic pressure values, respectively. IP measurement was performed in each subject using at least 6 types of cuffs with different widths and lengths. The results were as follows: (1) IP was noted to have a linear correlation to DP (p<0.01), but systolic IP tended to show higher values than those of DP. The same tendency was noted for the diastolic IP. (2) There was a negative correlation between IP/DP and cuff width/arm length (p<0.01). (3) According to cuff width/arm length, values of IP/DP were divided into 2 group, value of IP/DP were significantly higher than those of the other group. The most important influencing factor on IP measurement was the cuff width in relation to the arm length. Use of a short width cuff may cause overestimation of the indirect blood pressure.View full abstractDownload PDF (442K) -
TOSHIKAZU NISHIO, CHUZO MORI, NORIYUKI HANEDA, KOJI WATANABE, KENJI KI ...1987 Volume 51 Issue 12 Pages 1404-1408
Published: December 20, 1987
Released on J-STAGE: April 14, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe tracking of systolic blood pressure (SBP) was analyzed in a cohort of children. The study population consisted of 1009 Japanese children in Izumo City, a rural community in the northwest of Honshu. There were 252 subjects in cohort (C)-1, 235 in C-2, 286 in C-3, 131 in C-4 and 105 in C-5. Follow-up periods were from 6 to 9 years of age in C-1, 9 to 12 in C-2, 12 to 15 in C-3, 6 to 12 in C-4 and 9 to 15 in C-5. BP was measured by conventional method. Tracking index (TI) was calculated as follows: TI=(2x+y-z)/N/.24; x, y and z are numbers of subjects who remained at the same quintile, who moved to the next quintile and who moved to a remote quintile, respectively; N=x+y+z; TI becomes 1.0 when SBP changes randomly. SBP tracking was apparent in both sexes of C-1 (TI=2.4 in boys, 2.5 in girls), in girls of C-2 (TI=3.5), in both sexes of C-3 (TI=3.2 in boys, 2.7 in girls) and in girls of C-4 (TI=4.1) and C-5 (TI=3.3). TI agreed well with the tracking phenomena visualized by distribution bar graph. we conclude that TI can assess the degree of tracking quantitatively and can be applied to analysis of the tracking phenomena of BP and its related factors.View full abstractDownload PDF (468K) -
MITSUO KITADA, KINICHI UHEDA, TADASHI NAKAGAWA, YUKIMASA YAMAGUCHI1987 Volume 51 Issue 12 Pages 1409-1414
Published: December 20, 1987
Released on J-STAGE: April 14, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSPatients with congenital heart diseases (CHD), who had been under our management during school days (elementary, junior high and senior high schools), were followed up into early adulthood (20-38 years in age, averaging at 27.3 years) to obtain the following results. (1) The course of mild CHD until early adulthood was favorable in terms of fatality rate. However, the incidence of complication and resultant deterioration was higher in non-operated mild CHD cases than in operated CHD cases. Representative complications in mild ventricular septal defect (VSD) cases were infectious endocarditis and aortic incompetence (often found in type I VSD cases). A chief complication in mild atrial septal defect (ASD) cases was prolapse of the mital valve. (2) Patients with VSD or PDA (particularly mild cases) showed spontaneous recovery even in early adulthood. (3) The prognosis of non-operated CHD cases of moderate or higher severity was evidently poor compared to that of mild or operated cases. These results suggest that surgery is indicated in all CHD cases of moderate or higher severity so long as surgery is possible.View full abstractDownload PDF (594K) -
HAKARU TASAKI, YUHEI HAMASAKI, TOMOHIRO ICHIMARU1987 Volume 51 Issue 12 Pages 1415-1420
Published: December 20, 1987
Released on J-STAGE: April 14, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESS1. At the initial screening, 6.11% of elementary school children and 6.28% of junior high school students were picked up for the second secreening. At the second screening, 0.49% of elementary school children and 0.85% of junior high school students were referred to the final screening. The pick-up ratio was significantly higher in junior high school children .The ratio of children needing medical management was also significantly higher for junior high school students (2.96%) than for elementary school children (2.26%). 2. The reexamination system was useful for management of a group of children with minimal findings of ECG at minimal cost and effort and without giving rise to unnecessary anxiety for the children and their families. 3. In order to manage children from elementary school to junior high school without any risk, it is essential to establish more sophisticated systems of managing patient-records, such as computer managing systems. 4. In order to increase the reliability of questionnaires, it is necessary to explain the significance of the mass screening system for the prevention of cardiac accidents, to refine the questions and to give more easily understood instructions.View full abstractDownload PDF (486K) -
SACHIO KAWAI, RYOZO OKADA, YOSHIRO FUKUDA1987 Volume 51 Issue 12 Pages 1421-1424
Published: December 20, 1987
Released on J-STAGE: April 14, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn order to examine the effect of corticosteroids on coronary atherogenesis in collagen diseases, an experimental study of serum sickness was performed. Forty-two rabbits were divided into four groups (Groups A-D). Group B, C and D rabbits received four intravenous injections of bovine serum albumin (250 mg/Kg) at 16-day intervals. Groups A, C and D rabbits were fed ad libitum cholesterol supplemented diet (1%) 16 days after the last injection. Group D rabbits received subdermal injections of predonisolone (1 mg/Kg) three times per week in the same period. After 124 days, all rabbits were sacrificed. Serum cholesterol and phospholipid increased in Group A, C and D rabbits. Group A rabbits showed intimal foam cell proliferation. Group B rabbits showed slight fibrous intimal thickening .The coronary arteries of Group C rabbits showed fatty-proliferative intimal thickening and an increase in the incidence of vascular lesions (13.9% of the coronary arteries as compared with 11.7% for Group A and 8.4% for Group B). The coronary lesions of Group D showed the same pattern as those of Group C, but the incidence of lesions was 6.0%. It was concluded that predonisolone did not augument immunologically induced atherosclerosis.View full abstractDownload PDF (437K)
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