[in Japanese]

View full abstract

I reported in the preceding paper, “On Scale-1”, the outcome of the study of the Japanese sardine, with special reference to “Lea's phenomenon”. In this treatise the time of formation of the periodic scale-rings is the subject. I express my gratitude for the instructive advice by Prof. Ikusaku AMEMIYA and for the assistance of Mr. Motokichi MORISHIMA and the late Mr. Kanji TSUTSUMI.

View full abstract

The change in the structure of regenerated scales was pursued in this study, which were formed where all the scales on one side of the body were taken off with a pincette.
In regenerated scales in the early stage of regeneration, grooves, which form network, are spread all over the scale, and ridges are not observable yet. As regeneration goes on, network grooves gradually disappear from around the circumference of scales and radial grooves decrease in number, while ridges increase in number by degrees; then the scales gradually come nearer to the structure of ordinary scales, until at last they are utterly indistinguishable from ordinary ones, in the shortest period of 180 days.
When a half of each scale is cut off with scissors, the part cut off is soon regenerated, where many grooves are formed in the early stage and ridges are not seen, but as days pass, grooves decrease in number, while ridges increase in number.
The speed of regeneration varies as the season changes; it is fast in summer, the scales recovering the structure of complete regenerated scales in about 15 days, and slow in winter, at least in more than a month.
According to this study, it is supposed that regenerated scales, in the early stage of regeneration, are all strikingly different in structure from ordinary ones, but that as they go on growing, they come nearer to the structure of ordinary scales to be finally indistinguishable from them.

View full abstract

The names of head bones of Cyprinus and Carassius, which are recorded in the books written in Japanese, are in great confusion. That is, the bones described and figured as the ethmoid, vomer, palatine, nasal, and basisphenoid by S. GOTO and others are disgnated successively and respectively as the vomer, palatine, ethmoid and sphenotic by I. ARIMOTO. But as the results of my comparative studies on the skeletons of the various teleostean fishes and other vertebrate animals, it was proved that the structure of the skull of Cyprinus or Carassius is essentially similar to that of the other common teleostean fishes; and that the bones called in the names of the nasal, ethmoid, vomer, sphenotic, prefrontal, and Palatine are arranged in nearly the same manner as those of the latter fishes as be ssen in ARIMOTO'S book. Therefore, I think that definition of the bones by I. ARIMOTO must be regarded to be quite right, while those by S. GOTO and others should be erased.

View full abstract

While examining blennioid fishes from deep-waters around Japan aril adjacent regions taken by motor trawlers, we found two interesting species not previously recorded from Japan. Upon careful examination of these specimens, they were found to represent new species, and described herein as Lumpenus macrops and Lumpenella nigricans respectively.
The counts and measurements were made in same manner as the senior writer has utilized in his previous studies on the Japanese deep-sea fishes. The expenses for the investigations of the deep-sea fishes were defrayed by the research fund of the Ministry of Education and Viscount Keizo SHIBUSAWA.
We wish to express our sincere thanks to Dr. Robert R. HARRY, Mr. Yoshimi HIRANO and Mr. Morizumi NAKAMURA for their assistance rendered in various ways.

View full abstract

The part two of this article contains descriptions of life colors of the specics nos. 19-37. The life colors of the following fishes have not hitherto been described or described only briefly by previous authors: . Sebastodes scythropus; Setarches fidjiensis; Brachirus bellus; very young stage (total length 45 mm.) of Agrammus agrammus with vivid bluegreen back; Stlengis misakia; Furcina ishikawae osimae; Ocynectes maschalis; three forms of Pseudoblennius cottoides; Peristedion orientale; Satyrichthys amiscus; Champsodon vorax; two color types of Zacalles bryope; “Bezubradon laevis” (this fish is now considered as a young stage of BembroPs caudimacula, which coincides with the opinion of Prof. KAMOHARA (1950); stage Psettina ijimae; Lotella maximowizi; Malthopsis annulifera; etc.

View full abstract

1. Ecnigo province and Sado Island are situated on the northwestern coast of Honsyu, but the coast line of the province is rather long but monotonous linear type.
2. In this catalogue the writer has recognized 396 species obtained from Echigo province and Sado Island. Out of them 360 species were marine fishes, including 86 of northern Japan, 204 of southeru Japan and 70 occurring throughout Japan. While 36 species were freshwater fishes, 10 of northern, 8 of southern forms and 18 occurring throughout Japan.
3. Some new remarcable and rare species, which obtained from Toyama Bay, recently, and reported by Prof. M. KATAYAMA also by prof. Dr. K. MATSUBARA and his collaborators, have been not found in this area up to the present.
4. I believe there is no boundary line in this area, dividing northern or southern forms predominating region. The fauna resembles to that of southern part of Hokkaido. And many northern forms are dwelling through all season, in the depths more than 180 fm. of the channels between Sado and Awashima with main land.

View full abstract