Japanese Journal of Ichthyology

A New Species of the Genus Foetorepus (Callionymidae) from Southern Japan with a Revised Key to the Japanese Species of the Genus

Tetsuji Nakabo

1987 Volume 33 Issue 4 Pages 335-341
Published: February 20, 1987
Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2010

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11369/jji1950.33.335

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A new dragonet, Foetorepus masudai, is described from southern Japan. This is the species that Nakabo (1983) mistakenly identified as Foetorepus delandi. It is characterized by large eye, filamentous 1st dorsal spine in adult males, 1st dorsal fin without an obvious dark mark, a dark spot on upper origin of pectoral fin and a large dark blotch on posterior half of pelvic fin. A revised key to the species of Foetorepus found in Japan is included.

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Cutlassfishes of the Genus Lepidopus (Trichiuridae), with Two New Eastern Pacific Species

Richard H. Rosenblatt, Raymond R. Wilson

1987 Volume 33 Issue 4 Pages 342-351
Published: February 20, 1987
Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2010

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11369/jji1950.33.342

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Three of the five known species of Lepidopus occur in the eastern Pacific. Lepidopus manis sp.nov. is described from a single specimen from the Galapagos Islands. The holotype of L. xantusi Goode et Bean, 1895, supposedly from Cape San Lucas, Lower California, is shown to be conspecific with L. caudatus (Euphrasen, 1788). The species heretofore reported under the name L. xantusi is described, and named L. fitchi sp.nov. It ranges from Oregon to the Gulf of California and occurs disjunctly in southern Ecuador and northern Peru. A key to the described species of Lepidopus is given and certain morphological features of L. caudatus are described. Geographic variability of L. caudatus and L. fitchi is discussed.

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Galeus longirostris, a New Species of the Sawtail Catshark from Japan

Hiroyuki Tachikawa, Toru Taniuchi

1987 Volume 33 Issue 4 Pages 352-359
Published: February 20, 1987
Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2010

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11369/jji1950.33.352

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Galeus longirostris sp.nov. is described based on 46 specimens taken off the southern part of Japan. It is distinguished from all known species of Galeus in having a considerably longer snout. This species is morphologically close to G. nipponensis, which commonly occurs off the southern part of Japan, but differs in having longer preoral length than the mouth width, a bluntly rounded snout, larger pectoral fins, a shorter interspace between anal and lower caudal fins, and a greater number of monospondylous vertebrae.

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Osteological Development of the Lophiid Anglerfish, Lophius gastrophysus

Yasunobu Matsuura, Nelson T. Yoneda

1987 Volume 33 Issue 4 Pages 360-367
Published: February 20, 1987
Released on J-STAGE: July 04, 2011

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11369/jji1950.33.360

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The osteological development of the head skeleton and dorsal, pectoral, and anal fin supports, are described from cleared and stained specimens of Lophius gastrophysus larvae, ranging from 4.6 to 21.8mm NL; the results are compared with those of juvenile (79.8mm SL) and adult (398mm SL) specimens. Tiny conical teeth are present on the premaxillary, dentary, palatine and vomer since early stage. The first three dorsal fin spines are initially positioned on the midline of body posterior to the supraoccipital, but they migrate forward with growth and become cephalic in juveniles. The forward movement of the dorsal spines is produced by the forward extension of the cartilaginous basal inside the subepidermal space. During the planktonic larval stage the pectoral fins are on the sides of body as in ordinary fishes, but they move ventrad and become leg-like in bottom living juveniles and adults. Ossification of the caudal complex of L. gastrophysus larvae proceeds very slowly and only the 21.8mm NL larva has an almost completely ossified caudal complex. Eight principal caudal rays are loosely attached on the posterior edge of the hypurals and no procurrent rays are present. Larvae have well developed parhypurapophysis at the mid-portion of the urostyle which transforms into keel-like structure in juveniles and adults.

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Nomenclatural Status of the Fish Names Created by J.C. van Hasselt (1823) and of Some Cobitoid Genera

Maurice Kottelat

1987 Volume 33 Issue 4 Pages 368-375
Published: February 20, 1987
Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2010

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11369/jji1950.33.368

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The nomenclatural status of the 16 genera and 42 species of fishes described by van Hasselt is reviewed. One genus is preoccupied and 4 genera and 26 species are nomina nuda .The status of some cobitoid generic names is reviewed with greater details: Noemacheilus van Hasselt is a nomen nudum; Acantophthalmus van Hasselt is a junior synonym of Cobitis Linnaeus and Acanthophthalmus Bleeker is an incorrect spelling; the fishes usually called Acanthophthalmus are Pangio Blyth; Acanthopsis Bleeker is an incorrect spelling of Acantopsis van Hasselt; AcanthopsisAgassiz is valid and its type species is A. angustus Agassiz .

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Feeding Habits of the African Bagrid, Chrysichthys filamentosus in a Nigerian Lake

Chukwuemekanim Nwadiaro, Peter Okorie

1987 Volume 33 Issue 4 Pages 376-383
Published: February 20, 1987
Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2010

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11369/jji1950.33.376

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The feeding ecology of Chrysichthys, a commercially important freshwater bagrid in Nigeria, is described from a southeastern lake. Over a year period, 779 stomachs were examined. The main food items were chaoborid and chironomid larvae, ostracods, copepods and detritus. Larger fish fed mostly on insect larvae and detritus while the smaller individuals consumed mostly microcrustacea. Feeding intensity was lowest during the height of the flood. There was little diel change in the amount of food consumed. The fish are morphologically pre-adapted for their benthic omnivorous feeding habits.

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Karyotypes of Two Antarctic Fishes, Notothenia gibberifrons and Notothenia coriiceps neglecta

Ngan Phan Van, Vicente Gomes, Hana Suzuki, Maria José de Arruda ...

1987 Volume 33 Issue 4 Pages 384-387
Published: February 20, 1987
Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2010

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11369/jji1950.33.384

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The chromosomes of two species of Antarctic fishes, Notothenia (Gobionotothen) gibberifrons and Notothenia (Notothenia) coriiceps neglecta, were prepared by the air-drying method at the Polish Antarctic Station “Henryk Arctowski” during the austral summer 1984-1985. For N.(G.) gibberifrons the diploid number is 2n=46 consisting of 2 metacentric (m) pairs, 1submetacentric (sm) pair and 20 telocentric (t) or subtelocentric (st) pairs. For N.(N.) coriiceps neglecta the diploid number is 2n=22 consisting of 9 m pairs, 1 sm pair and 1st pair. Some aspects of karyological evolution of these fishes are discussed.

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Interspecific Variations in the Surface Ultrastructure of the Gills of Freshwater Mullets

Jagdish Ojha, Ashok K. Mishra, Jyoti S.D. Munshi

1987 Volume 33 Issue 4 Pages 388-393
Published: February 20, 1987
Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2010

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11369/jji1950.33.388

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SEM studies were made on the gills of freshwater mullets, Rhinomugil corsula and Sicamugil cascasia, to correlate surface ultrastructure of various gill units with their probable functions. Two types of lamellated gill rakers of the former fish are suited for plankton feeding and the short, stumpy and transversely beaded gill rakers of the latter reflect the varied food and feeding habit of the fish. R. corsula has numerous mucous glands on the epithelium covering the gill arch and gill filaments, S. cascasia has fewer. In accordance with the differences in the density and distribution of the mucous glands, the microridged epithelial cells also show variations in their architectural plan. In both species the epithelium of the secondary lamellae is smooth, probably an adaptation for better gaseous exchange.

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Structure of the Urinary Bladder in the Pacific Cod

Kazuyuki Teshima, Susumu Tomonaga, Kunimitsu Yamamoto

1987 Volume 33 Issue 4 Pages 394-398
Published: February 20, 1987
Released on J-STAGE: February 23, 2011

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11369/jji1950.33.394

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The urinary bladder of the Pacific cod, Gadus macrocephalus was investigated.A pair of ureters was found to unite and form a sac-like protrusion on the posteroventral aspect of the gonad.This protrusion was confirmed as the urinary bladder based on its histology and the presence of ammonia and urea in the fluid within this structure.The urinary bladder consisted of a central lumen and two lateral expansions found on the right and left sections.The luminal epithelial cells of the Pacific cod urinary bladder, unlike those of other animals, were characterized by microvilli on the free surface, and the presence of a number of vesicles and mitochondria across the apical portion on the cells.This suggests that the luminal epithelium of the urinary bladder might be actively engaged in transportation of water or other materials from the urine. The Pacific cod urinary bladder may therefore be closely associated with osmoregulation by reabsorbing water from the urine.Ammonia-N and urea-N levels of 65-213μg/dl and 1.5-3.5mg/dl were measured in the fluid which filled the urinary bladder.

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Respiration and Avoidance Reaction of a Cyprinid Fish Pseudogobio esocinus under Hypoxia

Ken-ichi Yamamoto, Osamu Hirano, Yoichi Hara, Hiroshi Yoshikawa

1987 Volume 33 Issue 4 Pages 399-404
Published: February 20, 1987
Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2010

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11369/jji1950.33.399

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A cyprinid fish, Pseudogobio esocinus showed gradual bradycardia at oxygen saturation (%) of less than 29.7±4.6 (1.89±0.29ml/l of oxygen concentration), surfacing at 14.7±1.3 (0.94±0.09ml/l), drastic decrease of oxygen consumption at less than 14.2±0.8 (0.91±0.06ml/l) and asphyxia at 9.7±1.4 (0.62±0.09ml/l). The fish avoided water having low oxygen saturation of less than 54.0±5.4 (3.38±0.30ml/l), and markedly at less than 26.2±3.4 (1.62±0.16ml/l).

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Rhinogobius brunneus (Gobiidae) in the Arabian Gulf

L.A.J. Al-Hassan, P. J. Miller

1987 Volume 33 Issue 4 Pages 405-408
Published: February 20, 1987
Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2010

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11369/jji1950.33.405

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Popondichthys, a Replacement Name for the Melanotaeniid Fish Genus Popondetta

Gerald R. Allen

1987 Volume 33 Issue 4 Pages 409
Published: February 20, 1987
Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2010

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11369/jji1950.33.409

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The genus Popondetta was described by Allen (1980) to accomodate the melanotaeniid Pseudomugil furcatus Nichols (1955). A second species, Popondetta connieae was subsequently described by Allen (1981). These fishes have allopatric freshwater distributions restricted to a small section of eastern New Guinea located approximately between the villages of Popondetta (8°45'S, 148°15'E) and Safia (9°35'S, 148°48'E).Allen (1980) considered Popondetta to be a sistergenus of Pseudomugil differing from it on the basis of a higher number of soft anal rays (16-20 vs. 8-12), the absence of anterior projection near the ventral midline of the pelvic girdle, and the absence of distinct scale radii.
Walter Ivantsoff of Macquarie University (Sydney, Australia) recently provided the author with a copy of a publication by Woodward (1978) describing four new genera of beetles (Hemiptera: Lygaeidae) including Popondetta, which was erectedfor a new species of lygaeid, P. montheithi. The use of Popondetta for the new fish genus by Allen (1980) is therefore invalid. Thus a new name Popondichthys is proposed here.

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The Occurrence of the Japanese Wrasse, Stethojulis maculata (Labridae), in Fiji

Richard Winterbottom, Mary Burridge-Smith

1987 Volume 33 Issue 4 Pages 410-413
Published: February 20, 1987
Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2010

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11369/jji1950.33.410

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Records of the White Shark Carcharodon carcharias from Hokkaido, Japan

Hideki Nakano, Kazuhiro Nakaya

1987 Volume 33 Issue 4 Pages 414-416
Published: February 20, 1987
Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2010

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11369/jji1950.33.414

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The Bathypelagic Gonostomatid Fish Cyclothone obscura from Sagami Bay, Central Japan

Masaki Miya, Takahisa Nemoto

1987 Volume 33 Issue 4 Pages 417-418
Published: February 20, 1987
Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2010

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11369/jji1950.33.417

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First Indo-Pacific Occurrence of the Deepsea Ceratioid Anglerfish, Diceratias pileatus (Lophiiformes: Diceratiidae)

Theodorew. Pietsch, Johne. Randall

1987 Volume 33 Issue 4 Pages 419-421
Published: February 20, 1987
Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2010

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11369/jji1950.33.419

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The diceratiid anglerfish, Diceratias pileatus, was described by Uwate (1979) on the basis of 32 specimens (21-235 mm SL), all collected from the tropical and subtropical North Atlantic Ocean (Uwate, 1979: fig. 20). Since that time, an additional 13 specimens (27-167 mm SL) were recorded by Fujii (1983: 259) from off Surinam and French Guiana. In this note, we report the first occurrence of D. pileatus outside of the Atlantic, a 275-mm SL female found floating on the surface off Honaunau Bay, Kona, Hawaii. The specimen is deposited in the Bernice P. Bishop Museum, Honolulu (BPBM). The methods employed in the description that follows are those of Uwate (1977).

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Variations in Meristic Characters of Nematalosa nasus from Iraqi and Kuwaiti Waters

L.A.J. Al-Hassan

1987 Volume 33 Issue 4 Pages 422-425
Published: February 20, 1987
Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2010

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11369/jji1950.33.422

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A clupeoid fish Nematalosa nasus (Bloch), inhabiting the Gulf of Aden, Arabian Sea, Hongkong (Whitehead, 1972) is considered an important commercial fish in these regions. This species enters the Shatt a1-Arab River in spring and sometimes reaches further north to the Hor al-Hammar marsh (Whitehead, 1965). The species is found year round in Khor a1-Zubair, the north west extension of the Arabian Gulf.
N. nasus is caught in the Shatt a1-Arab and Khor area and is estimated to contribute 50% of the combined annual clupeoid production.
Variations in meristic characters have been used as a basic tool in separating populations of different fish species (Seymour, 1959; Anthony, 1968). Meristic differences between populations of fishes may be influenced by genetic or environmental factors, or both (Bailey and Gosline, 1955). Different workers attributed the difference in meristic characters to environmental factors such as light, temperature and disolved oxygen during the period from fertilization to hatching (Tåning, 1952; Wallace, 1973; Kwain, 1975).
This study was undertaken to determine whether one or more populations of N. nasus occur in Iraqi and Kuwaiti waters by analyzing variations in meristic characters.

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Karyotypes of Three Rays in the Order Myliobatiformes

Takashi Asahida, Hitoshi Ida, Shu Inoue

1987 Volume 33 Issue 4 Pages 426-430
Published: February 20, 1987
Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2010

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11369/jji1950.33.426

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A large number of karyological studies have been carried out for the class Osteichthyes. On the contrary, only about thirty species of the class Chondrichthyes have been studied (Nygren et al., 1971; Nygren and Jahnke, 1972; Donahue, 1974; Stingo, 1979; Ida, 1984; Ida et al., 1985). Twelve species of rays mostly Torpediniformes and Rajiformes were analyzed on their karyotype. At present, both inter- and intraordinal relationships of rays are not well defined. The reported karyotypes together with their genome sizes are variable according to the species. Thus karyological analysis seems to be useful for the further understandings of phyletic relationships of the groups. We examined karyotypes and DNA content of three myliobatiform species, viz. Dasyatis akajei, Urolophus aurantiacus, and Myliobatis tobijei. The results are described in relations with some informations on their morphology.

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Night Spawning and Paternal Mouthbrooding of the Cardinalfish Cheilodipterus quinquelineatus

Tetsuo Kuwamura

1987 Volume 33 Issue 4 Pages 431-434
Published: February 20, 1987
Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2010

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11369/jji1950.33.431

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Mouthbrooding of eggs has been reported for many cardinalfishes (Apogonidae), but only in 10 species or so have courtship and spawning been described (see review in Thresher, 1984; Kuwamura, 1983a, 1985). The general pattern of their reproductive behavior is as follows. Pair spawning occurs in the daytime, though most apogonids are nocturnal in feeding; eggs are extruded in a large mass of 2-3 cm in diameter and the male snatches it up into its mouth from the female's abdomen; the male incubates only one clutch at a time. However, the spawning pattern of Cheilodipterus lineatus appears to be very different from above, according to a field observation by Fishelson (1970). Spawning of this species occurred shortly after sunset; a small egg ball (2.0-2.5mm in diameter) was expelled and attached to the substrate; after the male picked it up, he resumed courting another (or the same ?) female, but no further mating was confirmed due to the darkness. Fishelson suggested that the male might carry several spawns and that the spawning behavior of C. lineatus resembled that of sub-strate-brooding cichlids. If so, the similarity may suggest that mouthbrooding in apogonids is derived from a substrate-brooding ancestor (see Baylis, 1981).
To confirm whether this is a common pattern of spawning in genus Cheilodipterus, I investigated the reproductive behavior of Cheilodipterus spp.at coral reef area in Okinawa, southern Japan. These species began courtship at dusk, and night spawning was observed in C. quinquelineatus Cuvier. Its spawning behavior resembled those of most apogonids, however, not that described by Fishelson (1970) for C. lineatus.

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