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Volume 29, Issue 2
Displaying 1-16 of 16 articles from this issue
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Takao Arai, Peter J. McMillan1982 Volume 29 Issue 2 Pages 115-126
Published: August 15, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSCoelorinchus biclinozonalis sp.nov.is described on the basis of 75 type-specimens collected from off New Zealand.The new species has been confused with C.australis (Richardson 1839) by previous workers but is readily distinguishable from that species by differences in: shape of snout tip squamation and pigmentation on fins and body.The new species is known only from off New Zealand whereas C.australis is from off Tasmania and Victoria eastern South Australia.View full abstractDownload PDF (1765K) -
Classification of the Cyprinid Genus Sarcocheilichthys from Japan, with Description of a New Species19810507Kazumi Hosoya1982 Volume 29 Issue 2 Pages 127-138
Published: August 15, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSPopulations of the cyprinid genus Sarcocheilichthys from various localities in Japan and Korea were morphologically compared.On the basis of principal component analysis, Japanese Sarcocheilichthys are classified into two species and two subspecies, i.e.S.variegatus variegatus, S.variegatus microoculus, and S.biwaensis, sp.nov. S.variegatus variegatus occurs solely in rivers, and has a short head, a greyish body color and a broad, black cross bar on the dorsal fin. S. variegatus microoculus inhabits Lake Biwa and adjacent rivers, and has a comparatively long head, a greyish body color, and a broad, black cross bar on the dorsal fin. S.biwaensis inhabits basalt rocky or pebbly shores of Lake Biwa, and has a long head, a brownish yellow body color and a rudimentary cross bar on the dorsal fin.View full abstractDownload PDF (4138K) -
C.E. Dawson1982 Volume 29 Issue 2 Pages 139-161
Published: August 15, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAvailable information on the solegnathines or “pipehorses” is summarized from the literature and known museum specimens. Within Solegnathus Swainson, the subgenus Solegnathus (discontinuous superior trunk and tail ridges) includes S.hardwickii (Gray) (Australia, S.China Sea, western Japan), S.lettiensis Bleeker (Australia, Indonesia), S.spinosissimus Günther (Australia, New Zealand) and S.robustus McCulloch (an Australian endemic).A second subgenus, Runcinatus Whitley (continuous superior ridges), is represented by one Australian species, S. dunckeri Whitley. Solegnathus guentheri Duncker is considered a junior synonym of S.lettiensis, and S.robustus naso Whitley is referred to the synonymy of S.spinosissimus. A key to subadults and adults is provided, together with comprehensive synonymies, diagnoses and illustrations for all species.View full abstractDownload PDF (18265K) -
Hitoshi Ida, Takayoshi Iwasawa, Masashi Kamitori1982 Volume 29 Issue 2 Pages 162-168
Published: August 15, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: February 23, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSKaryotypes of eight species of the genus Sebastes, family Scorpaenidae, from Japanese waters were analyzed in relation to morphology. Six of the eight species examined here are new to karyological study. The number of diploid chromosomes is 48 in all species excepting Sebastes hubbsi, which has 46 chromosomes.The karyotypes of the other seven species, viz. S.thompsoni, S.joyneri, S.schlegeli, S.oblongus, S.vulpes, S.pachycephalus nudus and S.trivittatus, consist of two metaor submetacentric and 46 acrocentric chromosomes, while the karyotype of S.hubbsi consists of two largesized and two mediumsized metacentric and 42 acrocentric chromosomes.Morphological differences between these two groups are not clear except for the difference found in the number of dorsal spines.The present results emphasize the stability of karyotypes among the fishes of the genus Sebastes, compared with rather various karyotypes found in other families of the order Scorpaeniformes.View full abstractDownload PDF (7844K) -
Maurice Kottelat1982 Volume 29 Issue 2 Pages 169-172
Published: August 15, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSNoemacheilus labeosus sp.nov.is described from the Salween drainage in northwestern Thailand and the Karen State, Burma.It is characterized by the position of the mouth, in a cavity closed by very thick lips, and by a caudal peduncle distinctly longer than high.View full abstractDownload PDF (2222K) -
Osamu Fukuhara, Toru Fushimi1982 Volume 29 Issue 2 Pages 173-178
Published: August 15, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAbout 600 specimens of Lateolabrax japonicus reared under laboratory conditions were observed for the development of soft rays and squamation.The segmentation of fin rays was completed when fish attained 18mm SL and branching of fin rays was completed at 40mm SL.Squamation began immediately anterior to the caudal peduncle when the fish attained a size of about 19mm SL.Squamation was completed for specimens as small as 35mm SL.View full abstractDownload PDF (2386K) -
Zena D. Dinesen, Warwick J. Nash1982 Volume 29 Issue 2 Pages 179-184
Published: August 15, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThree specimens of the scorpaenid Rhinopias aphanes Eschmeyer from the central Great Barrier Reef Province constitute a new record for Australian waters and the first recorded collections outside New Caledonia.These specimens are described and compared with the holotype.Colouration varies among these specimens;individuals may also change colour in captivity, and according to substratum or time of day. Shedding of “skin” (cuticle) occurs at regular intervals of as short as three days.View full abstractDownload PDF (3023K) -
Noritomo Komada1982 Volume 29 Issue 2 Pages 185-192
Published: August 15, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSVertebral number and the incidence of vertebral anomalies in newly hatched Tribolodon hakonensis collected from the Nagara River and incubated at various water temperatures (15°-25°C) were examined.The vertebral number of the fish incubated at 22°Cwas lower than that at high (25°C) and low temperatures (15°C, 18°C).The frequencies of vertebral anomalies in 11 N 18mm SL fish incubated at 18°Cand at 25°Cwere significantly higher than those at 22°C.The frequencies in natural populations were basically similar to those at 17°-22°C.
The commonest type of vertebral anomalies in hatchery-reared fish was a helical suture of the centra.The incidence of helical sutures of vertebrae located in the middle part of vertebral column was higher than in the other regions, in 11-18mm SL fish reared for two months after hatching.The frequencies of fused vertebrae and the incidence of fused vertebrae throughout the vertebral column in 18-30mm SL fish reared for 3 and 4 months after hatching were similar to those with helical sutures in 11-18mm SL hatchery-reared fish.The centra showing helical sutures in 11-18mm SL fish were fused together during the next period, 18-30mm SL.There-fore, helical sutures are one cause for fused vertebrae in T.hakonensis.View full abstractDownload PDF (4336K) -
Kaneyoshi Yamashita1982 Volume 29 Issue 2 Pages 193-202
Published: August 15, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: July 04, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDifferentiation of the swimbladder was not observed in larvae 24 hours after hatching (TL 2.88-3.06mm).It was first observed as a germinal swimbladder already protruding upward from the esophageal dorsal wall 48 hours after hatching (TL 2.93 ti 3.30mm).By 60 hours (TL 3.10-3.40mm) the swimbladder had a hollow portion inside and its epithelium was thin (6-8μm) on the dorsal side and thick (10-13μm) on the ventral side.By 66 hours (TL 3.09-3.50mm) the swimbladder caviy became larger and longer, and surrounding mesenchymal tissues became evident.In 3 days, the swimbladder cavity became markedly dilated assuming an oval shape with its major axis coinciding with the body axis.In 5 to 6 days (TL 3.30-3.67mm) gas glands and rete mirabile were formed.In 8 to 9 days (TL 3.60-4.41mm) blood corpuscles were seen for the first time, in the rete mirabile, and larvae (TL 4.01-4.18mm) bearing gas in their swimbladder were observed.The pneumatic duct was present between the posterior end of the swimblad-der and the esophageal dorsal wall.In 10 to 12 days (TL 3.85-4.72mm) larvae with a closed or separated esophageal opening of the pneumatic duct and various stages of regression of the duct were seen.In 19 to 22 days (TL 7.8-10.0mm) the duct had already become rudimentary, attaching to the posterior end of the swimbladder.The gas glands formed complicated folds, occupying the anterior half of the swimbladder.View full abstractDownload PDF (20089K) -
Susumu Tanaka1982 Volume 29 Issue 2 Pages 203-212
Published: August 15, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: July 04, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSVariations in several characters were observed in two species of ninespine sticklebacks, Pungitius pungitius Linnaeus and P.sinensis uichenot, for 506 specimens from nine localities in the Tohoku and Hokuriku districts of Honshu, the Main Island of Japan.The localities were isolated from one another, and the two species were distributed allopatrically in all of the localities except for Hiraga.In allopatric populations, specimens of P.pungitius had scutes varying from 5 to 13 in number, except for those from Tendo, which were characterized by larger numbers of degenerated scutes (31 35), and those of P.sinensis had scutes varying from 28 to 35.The arrangement pattern of scutes in P.pungitius was more variable than in P.sinensis.No marked difference was observed between the two species in the number of dorsal spines, dorsal, pelvic and anal soft rays.Geographical, but not cinal, variations were observed in these characters between local populations of each species.Clinal variations were recognized in both species in the length of the last dorsal, pelvic and anal spines.Mean spine lengths in the populations near the coast were the longest and became shorter in localities farther away from the coast.The number of gillrakers in populations of P.pungitius varied from 6 to 12 with their mean number varying between 8.0 and 9.2, and that of P.sinensis varied between 8 and 11 with the mean varying between 9.8 and 10.1.Between the two species the mean significantly differed at the 5%level.
In the sympatric population of Hiraga, though morphological differences between the two species were definitely detected, variation in the number and arrangement pattern of scutes in each species was greater than in the other allopatric populations, and taxonomically intermediate forms were found at a low frequency (9.1%).These facts suggest the possibility that natural hybridization occurs between the two species and introgression results.View full abstractDownload PDF (1432K) -
Noritomo Komada1982 Volume 29 Issue 2 Pages 213-219
Published: August 15, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: July 04, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe order and the period of formation and shedding of conical teeth on the dentary and the period of eruption of comb-like teeth on the jaw in young ayu, Plecoglossus altivelis, were described to compare with the tooth replacement patterns of other species of fishes.In 1980, about 200 juvenile and young ayu were collected from the mouth of the Yahagi River (Mikawa Bay, Aichi Pref.), and in 1981, about 260 juvenile and young ayu were collected from Lake Biwa (Kohoku-cho, Shiga Pref.).All specimens were stained with alizarin red S.
In juvenile and young ayu (35-70mm SL), conical teeth were arranged in a series on the upper edge of the dentary.The formation of small teeth on the anterior part of the dentary progressed forward and backward from both ends of small tooth rows.The formation of large teeth which were arranged at the rear of the small tooth rows progressed backward.The lengths of large teeth on the posterior part of the dentary were significantly larger than small teeth on the anterior part of the dentary.The two types of tooth rows on the dentary were recognized in young stages.The toothgerm did not appear in the small tooth rows on the dentary in specimens larger than 50 mm SL, but the toothgerm usually appeared at the end of large tooth rows until the shedding of conical teeth was completed.Furthermore, in specimens 35-50 mm SL having6-10 teeth, the toothgerms of small teeth appeared irregularly throughout the small tooth rows.Conical teeth began to shed from the dentary at the anterior part of the tooth rows in specimens 50-55 mm SL, and the shedding progressed backward along tooth rows.The shedding of small teeth was accompanied with the absorption of the part of the dentary surrounding the bases of the teeth.But large teeth were dropped at the upper edge of the dentary.The periods of eruption of comb-like teeth in young ayu basically coincided with the periods when the small teeth finished to form the toothgerms.
The present findings on the growth and replacement of dentary teeth in young ayu are not similar to the tooth replacement patterns in some species of bony fishes (Evans and Deubler, 1955;Wakita et al., 1977;Nakajima, 1979;Komada, in press) and do not support the Zahnreihe concept of Edmund (1960).View full abstractDownload PDF (4206K) -
Atsushi Suzuki, Yasuhiko Taki, Tousei Urushido1982 Volume 29 Issue 2 Pages 220-222
Published: August 15, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESS -
Albert J. Doucette, J.Michael Fitzsimons1982 Volume 29 Issue 2 Pages 223-226
Published: August 15, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESS -
Brian W. Coad1982 Volume 29 Issue 2 Pages 227-228
Published: August 15, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESS -
Kazuya Nagasawa, Syuzo Egusa, Kengo Ishino1982 Volume 29 Issue 2 Pages 229-231
Published: August 15, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESS -
Shuichi Fukuhara, Yoshikazu Nagata, Wataru Maekawa1982 Volume 29 Issue 2 Pages 232-236
Published: August 15, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: July 04, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSJapanese bitterlings in the Rhodeinae have been classified into five genera (Okada, 1960), four genera (Aoyagi, 1957;Nakamura, 1963) or a single genus (Miyadi et al., 1976) on the basis of morphological characters of adult fishes.Recently, Miyadi et al. (1976) and Arai (1978) made phylogenetic discussions of Japanese bitterlings on the basis of morphological and karyotypic results which had been obtained by many authors.Arai (1978) emphasized the validity of minute scaly tubercles on the surface of the yolksac of rhodeine fish in prolarval stages.In the paper, however, he did not mention about morphology of the tubercles.
The present authors microscopically confirmed that there are tubercles in all six species, which makes possible classification into two groups and/or four types by morphology of the tubercles.Although prolarvae of both Acheilognathus lancolata and A.limbata have been regarded to have a nearly smooth body surface, our observations showed that they have many tubercles (the major and the minor axises are about 20μm and 15μm, and the height 20-30μm).The former species tends to differ from the latter in having sharper and higher tubercles, but the tendency is not clearcut. Other species of Acheilognathus have very large ellipsoid tubercles of which the posterior part forms a ridge. A.cynaostigma and three subspecies (see Nakamura, 1963) of A.tabira have tubercles of an equal size (the lengths of both the major and the minor axises are 30-45um and 20-35 um, and the height is about 20 um).A.rhombea has more round tubercles, and tubercles of unequal sizes coexist in A.lognipinnis.
Classification of rhodeine species by the morphology of tubercles well supports the phyletic relationships among them suggested by Miyadi et al. (1976).View full abstractDownload PDF (9265K)
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