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Volume 29, Issue 1
Displaying 1-12 of 12 articles from this issue
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John E. Randall, Takeshi Shimizu, Takeshi Yamakawa1982 Volume 29 Issue 1 Pages 1-26_2
Published: June 30, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe genera of the Myripristinae consist of Myripristis, Ostichthys, Plectrypops, Corniger, and a new monotypic genus, Pristilepis, which is proposed for the soldierfish first described as Holotrachys oligolepis by Whitley (1941) This genus is distinguished from the other genera principally by having well-developed nasal bones as adults which extend anteriorly to the median upper lip (believed to be a neotenic character), a long narrow premaxillary groove, 29 vertebrae, and the vomerine teeth in a subtriangular to elliptical patch P.oligolepis is known from Western Australia, Lord Howe Island, Easter Island, Hawaii, Japan and Réunion, thus appearing to be antitropical in its distribution The following species of Ostichthys are recognized: O.japonicus (Cuvier) (Holotrachys major Whitley appears to be a junior synonym), the type species, known from the western Pacific and Andaman Sea; O.acanthorhinus, a new species from the Gulf of Oman, Arabian Sea, and Bali Is., distinctive in having a sharp spine anteriorly on each nasal bone and a high gill-raker count of 10-12+16-18; O.sandix, a new species from the Hawaiian Islands similar to the preceding two in possessing 3 1/2 scales above the lateral line, but differing from O.japonicus in having 15 or 16 lower-limb gill rakers (O.japonicus has 12-14) and the last two dorsal spines about equal in length (last spine is longer in O.japonicus);O.hypsipterygion, a new species from Japan related to O.sandix, differing in having a higher spinous dorsal fin, 13 lower-limb gill rakers, and 15 pectoral rays; O.kaianus (Günther) (Myripristis guezei Postel is a junior synonym) from the western Pacific and Indian Oceans; Oarchiepiscopus (Valenciennes) (Myripristis pillwaxii Steindachner is a junior synonym) from Hawaii, Japan and Réunion (hence antitropical);O.delta, a new species from Réunion and Samoa, unique in having XI dorsal spines; and O.trachypoma (Günther) (Myripristis fulgens Poey is a junior synonym) from the western Atlantic. Keys are given to the genera of the Myripristinae and the species of Ostichthys.View full abstractDownload PDF (10729K) -
Nikolay V. Parin, Sergei V. Mikhailin1982 Volume 29 Issue 1 Pages 27-30
Published: June 30, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA new trichiurid, Lepidopus calcar, is described.The species was discovered from the Colahan Seamount of the Hawaiian Ridge at a depth between 270 and 350m.It is characterized by a stout spur-like second anal spine not developed in adults of other species of Lepidopus.Number of vertebrae and dorsal fin-rays is less than in L.caudatus (Euphrasen) and more than in both L.xantusi Goode et Bean and L.dubius Parin et Mikhailin.View full abstractDownload PDF (2512K) -
Keiichi Matsuura, Takeshi Yamakawa1982 Volume 29 Issue 1 Pages 31-42
Published: June 30, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSTwo very rare boxfishes, Kentrocapros flarofasciatus and K.rosapinto, are redescribed on the basis of specimens collected from the western Pacific and south-western Indian Oceans.They are easily distinguished from the only other congener, K.aculeatus, by having no spines on the carapace.Kentrocapros flavofasciatus differs from K.rosapinto by the location of the gill opening: in the former the gill opening is below the posterior half of the eye, while in the latter it is restricted below the posterior edge of the eye.The monotypic genus Aracanostracion is regarded as a junior synonym of Kentrocapros on the basis of the comparisons of the external and osteological characters among these three species.View full abstractDownload PDF (8983K) -
Hin-Kiu Mok, Shih-Chieh Shen1982 Volume 29 Issue 1 Pages 43-61
Published: June 30, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe chaetodontid kidneys and intestinal coiling patterns were classified.Morphological variations of these systems were analyzed to elucidate the chaetodontid phylogenies.The present data suggest that (1) all chaetodontids (not including pomacanthids, Microcanthus, and Vinculum) share a common ancestor; (2) except for Forcipiger, Hemitaurichthys, Heniochus, and Johnrandallia, the rest of the chaetodontids form a monophyletic group; (3) Chelmon and Chelmonops are closely related groups; (4) within the monophyletic group including Chaetodon and Parachaetodon, Parachaetodon, Prognathodes series of the genus Chaetodon, and some Chaetodon species are more closely related to each other than to other Chaetodon species; (5) the similarity in kidney morphology among Forcipiger, Hemitaurichthys, Heniochus, and Johnrandallia provides no strong evidence for their monophyly.The proposed chaetodontid phylogeny was compared to previously hypothesized phylogenies.View full abstractDownload PDF (4309K) -
Participation of Overlying Layers in Determining the Shape of Melanophores on Oryzias latipes ScalesTadayuki Ohta1982 Volume 29 Issue 1 Pages 62-68
Published: June 30, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSScale melanophores of the medaka, Oryzias latipes, were examined to determine whether their overlying layers affect their morphology and melanosome distribution, especially upon treatment with cytochalasin B or hypotonic saline.Observations were conducted with both light and scanning electron microscopy.The overlying layers were mechanically removed with fine forceps after collagenase-treatment.Melanophores with intact overlying layers responded to cytochalasin B (1 to 10μg/ml) or hypotonic saline (M/15) by undergoing remarkable super-dispersion of their melanosomes.The central part of the melanophores became concave.On the other hand, melanophores without the overlying layers showed a tendency for melanosome aggregation, although the aggregation was incomplete.Their central part swelled.It was concluded that the overlying layers affected the shape of the melanophores and the melanosome distribution within them.View full abstractDownload PDF (12635K) -
Mitsuo Sato1982 Volume 29 Issue 1 Pages 69-76
Published: June 30, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSMucous cells in the skin epidermis of the arctic lamprey, Lampetra japonica, are divided into mid-epidermal and surface mucous cells according to their location in the epidermis.A cytological feature of these cells is the presence of numerous filaments of approximately 7 nm in diameter in their peripheral cytoplasm.In this sense, the lamprey mucous cells, different from typical epidermal mucous cells of teleosts, may be said to be filament-containing cells with mucus.The mucus is released from the surface mucous cell by localized rupturing of its distal plasma membrane fused with the membrane enclosing mucous droplets.Structures considered to be coated vesicles are found in the peripheral cytoplasm immediately adjacent to the plasma membrane of the mucous cells.However, they do not seem to be a structure peculiar to these cells, but may be found universally in various animal cells.View full abstractDownload PDF (13595K) -
Masaru Shiogaki1982 Volume 29 Issue 1 Pages 77-85
Published: June 30, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: July 04, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSOpisthocentrus ocellatus (Tilesius, 1811), a stichaeid species attaining a size of about 22 cm TL, is known north from Kamchatka, Sakhalin and Peter the Great Bay south to Wonsan, Korea and Japan.In Japanese waters it has been recorded from Hokkaido, Mutsu Bay, Aomori Pref., Sado Island, Niigata Pref, and Himi, Fukui Pref.In Mutsu Bay, this species inhabits shallow waters from inshore Zostera beds to depths of 30-50 m.From Hokkaido specimens have been collected from depths of more than 300 m.Mature males have a conspicuous nuptial coloration and greatly prolonged dorsal spines along the entire length of the fin except for the posteriormost 7-12 pungent spines.In the stomach of specimens collected from Zostera beds in Mutsu Bay, gammarids, caprellids, small limpets and ostracods are mainly found.In the bay the spawning season extends from early December to mid January, when the water temperature falls to 5°-10°C.
In spawning experiments carried out in December, 1978 and January, 1979 in an aquarium, spawnings took place in empty scallop shells, in a horizontal hole of a concrete block, or under a net set on the bottom at dark corners of the aquarium.In all of the five spawnings observed, females encircled their egg masses and guarded them until the eggs hatched.In natural grounds, 5-6 m deep, at Moura, Mutsu Bay, egg masses were found in narrow cavities under stones on muddy sand bottoms.The egg masses were guarded by females in the same manner as in the aquarium.The eggs are spherical and translucent, 1.89-2.01 mm in diameter.Eggs adhere to each other at their adhesive points and form an egg mass.The yolk is colorless and contains a large light yellow oil globule and many small ones.A white cloudy substance surrounds the large oil globule.In the rearing experiment in 1979, larvae hatched from natural egg masses were reared for 35 days in a vessel.Newly hatched prolarvae were 9.0-10.0 mm TL.In about 23 days they absorbed yolk and grew to 12.7 mm TL.Young fish, 33.0-40.0 mm TL, were collected from Zostera beds at Shirasu, Mutsu Bay with a small trawl-net in late May, 1979.The fish grows to 6-11 cm TL in one year and matures at a size of about 10cm TL in both sexes.Life span of the fish is two years or, in a few cases, three years.View full abstractDownload PDF (8674K) -
Akira Ochiai, Kazuma Mutsutani, Susumu Umeda1982 Volume 29 Issue 1 Pages 86-92
Published: June 30, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: February 23, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSMorphological development of jack mackerel, Trachurus japonicus (Temminck et Schlegel) is described from 196 specimens reared from eggs to juveniles in the laboratory at Tosa City, Japan.The egg is spherical in shape, and of moderate size, 0.87-0.90mm in mode.It is characterized by a light brownish oil globule, 0.17-0.22mm in diameter, and a narrow perivitelline space.During the late stages of embryonic development, the oil globule becomes situated rather close to the head, and on hatching is immediately under the forward part of the head.Hatching takes place about 40 hours after fertilization at water temperatures 20-22°C.
The newly hatched larvae are 2.3-2.5mm in total length, with 18-21 (8-10+10-11) myomeres.The most characteristic feature of the larvae is the extension of the anterior end of the yolk sac beyond the anterior margin of the head.On the 4th day after hatching the body reaches approximately 3mm in length, and the yolk material has been absorbed.
During the early postlarval stage, the caudal rays, the base of 2nd dorsal and anal fins begin to develop, the body attaining a length of about 6mm.The preopercular spines appear for the first time in the 7th day when the larvae reach about 3.4mm in length, and increase in size and number during larval development.During the late postlarval stage, the body is elongated to approximately 13mm in length.The 1st dorsal and pelvic fins are becoming evident at the end of this stage, the 29th day after hatching.
Soon after reaching the early juvenile stage, the preopercular spines become less conspicuous and have almost disappeared at the end of this stage.Small scutes developed along the lateral line can be observed in individuals as small as 19mm in length.Both the scutes and body scales are well developed in individuals longer than 26.5mm in length.At the late juvenile stage, complete number of rays is present in the pectoral and caudal fins.The juveniles attain about 55mm in length at the end of this stage, about 60 days after hatching.View full abstractDownload PDF (3091K) -
Keiichi Matsuura, Takeshi Shimizu1982 Volume 29 Issue 1 Pages 93-94
Published: June 30, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESS -
Héctor R. Fuentes1982 Volume 29 Issue 1 Pages 95-98
Published: June 30, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESS -
Gareth Nelson1982 Volume 29 Issue 1 Pages 99-101
Published: June 30, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESS -
Masaru Shiogaki1982 Volume 29 Issue 1 Pages 102-104
Published: June 30, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: July 04, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA total of 70 larvae and juveniles of Cryptacanthodes bergi (Cryptacanthodidae, Blennioidei) were collected by a fish larva net towed off the east coast of Aomori Pref.in the northwestern Pacific Ocean.The larvae and juveniles, measuring from about 15 to 31.5 mm TL, were collected at the sea surface from March to June, mainly by night hauls.In a 18.0mm TL postlarva, the body is elongated and compressed.The anus opens a little ahead of the midpoint of the body.The eyes and pectoral fins are large.The body is densely pigmented along each myotome except for the abdomen and caudal peduncle.Along the middorsal line, there is a longitudinal white area which is wider anteriorly.The myotome count is 74 (24+50).In a 30.0mm TL juvenile, the body is much elongated and compressed, and the eyes and pectoral fins are relatively small.The lower jaw protrudes beyond the upper jaw and forms a wry mouth.The pelvic fins are absent.Head sensory canals are not well developed and have some outer openings.
A gravid female, collected on Oct.6, 1977, from muddy bottom at a depth of 50-60m in Mutsu Bay off Aomori City, has 249 maturing orange yellow eggs measuring 1.7 to 2.2mm in diameter.Its ovary is a single type.
A similarity in the distribution of melanophores between larvae of C.bergi and Zaprora silenus (Zaproridae) was detected.View full abstractDownload PDF (2117K)
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