Japanese Journal of Ichthyology
Online ISSN : 1884-7374
Print ISSN : 0021-5090
ISSN-L : 0021-5090
Volume 17, Issue 4
Displaying 1-7 of 7 articles from this issue
  • Gareth J. Nelson
    1970 Volume 17 Issue 4 Pages 131-134
    Published: December 25, 1970
    Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2010
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
  • Nobuhiko Taniguchi
    1970 Volume 17 Issue 4 Pages 135-140
    Published: December 25, 1970
    Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2010
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    The sciaenid hshes collected from the waters around Japan and the China Sea are divided into three groups on the basis of characteristics of the premaxillary: the Johnius-form is represented by the hshes of two genera Johnius and Wak;Nibea-form by the genera Nibea, Megalonibea, Miich-thys, Argyrosomus, and Atrobucca;Pseudosciaena-form by the genera Pseudosciaena and Collichthys. These hshes are also grouped into two forms by the features of the dentary: the Nibea-form is represented by the genera Nibea, Megalonibea, Johnius, Wak, and Argyrosomus; Pseudosciaena-form by the genera Pseudosciaena, Collichthys, Miichthys, and Atrobucca.The grouping of those bones does not conhict fundamentally with those of the sagitta, cranium, and vertebrae.
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  • Fujio Yasuda, Yoshiaki Tominaga
    1970 Volume 17 Issue 4 Pages 141-151
    Published: December 25, 1970
    Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2010
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Holacanthus fucosus, a new long-tailed pomacanthine from Miyake Jima and H.watanabei, also a new long-tailed pomacanthine from Ryukyu Is.are described here.The latter was formerly ascribed to H. caudovittatus, but discovery of additional specimens and examination of photographs of the holotype of H. caudibicolor convinced us that it is a distinct new species.Its variations especially color pattern are noted.
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  • Hiromu Kobayasi, Yasuyo Kawashima, Naomasa Takeuchi
    1970 Volume 17 Issue 4 Pages 153-160
    Published: December 25, 1970
    Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2010
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    The somatic chromosomes of the goldfish (Carassius auratus auratus), kinbuna (C.auratus subsp.), ginbuna (C.auratus langsdorfii) and crucian carp (C.carassius) were studied comparatively.For chromosome study, cells obtained from kidneys and gills were used after treatment with colchicine. The preparations were made according to the airdrying method and stained with Giemsa.
    The results showed that the goldfish, kinbuna, and crucian carp examined had the same diploid chromosome number of 100.Their karyotypes consisted of 10 pairs of metacentrics, 20 pairs of submetacentrics, and 20 pairs of acrocentric elements, in which one or two members, presumably the fifth longest pair, had a satellite on the short arm. There was no morphological difference between the male and female karyotypes.
    The chromosomes of the ginbuna were examined in two local varieties obtained from the Miyazaki and the Kanto districts, because in the latter region the ginbuna consisted almost entirely of females.In the ginbuna of the Miyazaki district3females and4males showed the chromosome number of 100 in 2n and had a similar karyotype with the other two subspecies of C. auratus, with the exception of a male having over 100 chromosomes.In contrast, of the30females collected from the Kanto district, 28 had the chromosome number of156, consisting of17pairs of metacentrics, 31pairs of submetacentrics and30pairs of acrocentrics and the remaining 2 females revealed to have206chromosomes showing22pairs of metacentrics, 41pairs of submetacentrics and40pairs of acrocentrics.These evidences may suggest that the ginbuna distributed in the Kanto district might represent the triploid and tetraploid states in their chromosome conditions.The mechanism of gynogenesis is discussed in respect to the persistence of the unisexual polyploid populations.
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  • Jin-ichi Kitada
    1970 Volume 17 Issue 4 Pages 161-165
    Published: December 25, 1970
    Released on J-STAGE: July 04, 2011
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    In the course of metamorphosis from ammocoetes to adult in Entosphenus reissneri, a land-locked lamprey in the streams of Japanese Islands, the gall bladder.and its duct disappear, also, cells in the liver undergo a marked change. The liver cells of both ammocoetes and adult forms of the species are observed by electron microscope.
    Larval forms-nter-and intrabile canaliculi are clearly recognized with well-developed microvilli.Endoplasmic reticula with rough surface are normal.Golgi complexes are abundantly accumulated near the bile canaliculi.Golgi vesicles (or vacuoles) contain electrondense bodies which are believed to represent granules at some stage playing a role in the production of bile.Mitochondria are well developed, besides the passing in the bile canalicules of myelin-like bodies of various types.
    Adult forms-Neither internor intracellular bile canaliculi are present.Endoplasmic reticula with rough-surface are formed in stratification.Golgi complexes are typical in general, but of ten accumulation of concentric circles. Mitochondria are regular in form in most cases.
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  • Hisao Ozaki, Kazuo Uematsu, Koji Tanaka
    1970 Volume 17 Issue 4 Pages 166-172
    Published: December 25, 1970
    Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2010
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Subacute and chronic intoxication of copper sulphate on goldfish and carp were tested under lower concentrations than those in usual cases of TLm test in 24 or 48 hours.The effects were measured, in tanks containing the water of 48 or 50l with 5 fish of similar size placed as one experiment lot, referring to the maximum and minimum periods of survival (days), the growth in length and weight of body, the condition factor and amount of food consumed. The temperature of the water was kept at 23±1°C, and pH value at 5.7±0.1 during the test extending the maximum of 30 days.Also, seven kinds of copper compounds were examined on the survival (in hours) of carp.
    The tests revealed, among others, that the concentrations which permitted the survival of more than 30 days were 0.17 ppm for goldfish, and 0.08 for carp in the maximum and that the growth showed lowering at 0.08 ppm for goldfish and 0.024 for carp in the minimum.
    The amount of food consumed decreased to 70% at the concentration of 0.008 ppm in carp against 100% at 0ppm, though the fish survived more than 30 days in apparent healthy condition at this low concentration.The decrease of intake of food by carp was believed to have resulted from the toxic effects of copper sulphate on the mucous epithelia and on the enzymes in the digestive tract as usually observed in mammals.
    Discussion was made from the results of the present study and from literature referring to the so-called safety concentrations of copper compounds, which are often applied for the extermination of parasitic animals and plants to fish.The concentrations of copper sulphate used for such purposes range from 500 to 0.04 ppm.The safety level has been often calculated from the TLm in 24 or 48 hours. However, the results gained in the present study will indicate that the allowance on the safety concentration of copper sulphate of fish should be made on the basis of the bioassay tests aimed to the seeking of the concentrations which effect subacute or chronic intoxication rather than on usual TLm test in shorter periods as above mentioned.
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  • Kenya Mizuguchi
    1970 Volume 17 Issue 4 Pages 173-178
    Published: December 25, 1970
    Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2010
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Ovarian development and fecundity of the Oikawa, Zacco platypus, were studied based on 1, 562 specimens collected during one year from September 1965 in the water of the River Aki, Tokyo-to.The results of the study may be summarized as follows.1) Ovarian development was noted significant from April to June, accompanied by marked increase in body weight.2) The fecundity, number of large eggs counted in ovary, increased proportionally to the approximate third power of the total length.3) Estimated potential egg deposition (Hartman and Concle, 1960) per 100 females was about 38, 000 eggs for Zacco platypus cast-netted in June 1966.4) The reproductive potential gradually decreased during the spawning season;about 24, 000 eggs in July and about 9, 000 eggs in August.
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