The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of clothed swimming in a pool on junior high school students' awareness related to water-related accidents. Sixty-three junior high school students wore life jackets and participated in the class. Words associated with waterplay and life jackets were collected using an associative method. The words answered by the students were grouped into seven categories of waterplay and seven categories of life jackets. Student words collected before and after class were analyzed for changes in the number of each category. The effects of swimming in clothes in a swimming pool on the awareness of junior high school students in relation to water-related accidents were as follows: 1) After class, the number of words associated with "waterplay," the number of "negative" words increased. On the other hand, the number of words associated with "swimming/teaching" decreased. 2) After class, the number of words associated with "life jackets" increased for "positive", "negative", and "wearing method/posture". On the other hand, "place/scene" decreased. The results of this study suggest that clothed swimming in a swimming pool can have a junior high school students' awareness of preventing water-related accidents.

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There are few studies that have verified blood glucose fluctuations in hill walking, which is popular as lifelong sports. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of hill walking on suppressing postprandial blood glucose elevation and compare them to those when walking on flat ground (Study 1) and comparing uphill and downhill walking (Study 2). In Study 1, ten young healthy subjects (male;7, female;3) participated in the hill and flat ground walking, and the resting trial. In study 2, eleven young healthy subjects (male;7, female;4) participated in the uphill and downhill walking. Studies 1 and 2 recruited different subjects. Blood glucose concentrations were measured before and after meal intake at 15, 30, 45, 60, 90, and 120 minutes. The hill walking trial showed a significantly lower peak blood glucose concentrations than any other trial (Study 1). The hill walking trial showed significantly lower mean blood glucose concentrations than the resting trial (Study 1). Only in the uphill walking trial showed significantly lower the peak blood glucose concentrations and mean blood glucose concentrations than the resting trial (Study 2). In conclusion, the hill walking contributes to the suppression of postprandial blood glucose elevation and provide novel information on the influence of hill walking on the acute regulation of blood glucose.

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The objective of this study was to compare and examine insoluble particulate contaminants produced at the time of cutting injection ampoules due to differences in ampoule-holding positions. The following four different ampoule-holding positions were investigated: ① between the anterior chest and the eye, ② between the epigastric region and the navel, ③ between the navel and the lower abdomen, and ④ on a table slightly lower than the navel. Insoluble particulate contaminants produced while the ampoules were cut at these positions were observed using a scanning electron microscope, and the number and size of these contaminants were compared. No significant differences were found between the four ampoule-holding positions; however, the number of particulate contaminants tended to be low when the ampoules were held ② between the epigastric region and the navel or ④ on a table slightly lower than the navel. Furthermore, there was a difference in the stability of the upper extremities between the positions ①/③ and ②/④. The results suggest that the stability of the upper extremities may affect the amount of force applied to the ampoules.

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This study aims to clarify support systems for nursing research at workplaces and requests nursing universities to contribute to nursing research. In January and February 2021, 273 medical institutions with more than 200 beds in the Gifu prefecture were investigated. In each medical institution, one nurse manager, such as the director of the nursing department (273 nurse managers) and two ordinary nurses (546 ordinary nurses), were selected for the survey. Responses of 30 nurse managers and 22 ordinary nurses containing free descriptions were used as valid inputs for the analysis. A cross-departmental support system, a support system in each department, and utilization of external power were identified for nursing research as support systems at workplaces. Research guidance in conformity with the workplace, building relationships with nursing universities regularly, and flexible cooperation with nursing universities were identified as topics for the nursing universities to promote nursing research. This analysis suggests that the contribution of nursing universities to promote nursing research will be required in the future.

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The purpose of this study was to clarify the difference in the degree of work engagement and stress, and the relationship between work engagement and stress for each club activity charge. The participants were 400 junior high school and high school teachers (male:255, female:145, age: M=44.00, SD=12.72). They completed the Japanese version of the Utrecht Work Engagement Scale (UWES-J) and the Brief Job Stress Questionnaire. The result of one-way analysis, it was clarified that the work engagement of the cultural club teacher was lower than that of the athletic club teacher and the uncharged teacher. In addition, the cultural club teacher showed that job stress was higher than that of uncharged teacher. As a result of the correlation analysis, a significant negative correlation was found between work engagement and job stress in the athletic club teacher and the uncharged teacher. These results indicated it was suggested that even if the work engagement was improved, the mental health measures would not be effective for the cultural teacher. In conclusion, this study provided new knowledge and assignments about teacher mental health.

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